< h1 class="ql-align-center" ></h1>
There are many ways to read history, and different people will read different "horrors".
Liang Qichao finished reading and put aside the next sentence: A twenty-four history is the genealogy of the emperor and generals.
Lu Xun finished reading it, saying that each page was written with "benevolence and morality", and after carefully reading it in the middle of the night, he found that the words "eating people" were all in the cracks.
After Li Zongwu finished reading it, one day he suddenly became enlightened: a twenty-four history is just the word "thick black".
What is "thick black"? Thick and dark face. Thick skin, dark heart.
Li Zongwu used the example of a hero of the Three Kingdoms:
Cao Cao's specialty is all in the heart. He killed Lü Bohao, killed Kong Rong, killed Yang Xiu, Dong Cheng, and Fu Quan, and killed the empress dowager, blatantly ignoring it, and blatantly saying: "I would rather bear people than people bear me." "The darkness of the heart is really reaching the extreme."
Liu Bei's specialty is all in the thick skin. He relied on Cao Cao, and on Lü Bu, on Liu Biao, Sun Quan, and Yuan Shao, and went from place to place, sending people to the fence, not being ashamed, and being good at crying in his life, and when he encountered things that could not be solved, he cried bitterly to people, and immediately turned defeat into victory. The thickness of the skin is also considered to be extreme.
When Cao Cao and Liu Bei were talking about heroes, one had the darkest heart and the thickest skin. A meeting, you can't help me, I can't help you, it's a world-class one. No wonder Cao Cao said bluntly to Liu Bei, the heroes of the world, only you and me.
Sun Quan also has the ability to thick black. He had allied with Liu Bei and suddenly attacked Jingzhou, which was called black; helplessly, he could not go to the end of the black, and immediately asked Shu for peace. He had competed with Cao Cao for dominance, and suddenly became a vassal under Cao Pi's command, which was called thick; but he was not thick to the end, and immediately broke off friendship with Wei. Although he is not as black as, thick as prepared, but he has both, and he cannot be counted as a hero.
Li Zongwu said, these three people, each of them has learned what they have learned, and they are striving to be strong, you cannot conquer me, I cannot conquer you, and the world is divided into three parts.
Use the word "thick black" to interpret history without delay. Li Zongwu was pushed from the Three Kingdoms to the Han, Tang, Ming, and Qing figures, and compared with the characters in the Twenty-Four Histories, he found that no matter how big the thick black ability was, how big a figure he became, all of which coincided.
This was the starting point of Li Zongwu's lecture on houheixue.
<h1 class="ql-align-center" > two</h1>
Li Zongwu (1879-1943) was a native of Artesian Jing, Sichuan, a place that originally belonged to Fushun County and is now under the jurisdiction of Zigong City.
In the Internet era, Zigong has produced many "strange things". For example, Guo Jingming, Zhou Daiyu, and Ayawawa, who insulted comfort women, are all Zigong people, and they all have achieved some sense of success with their out-of-the-ordinary words and deeds.
I don't know if their success was due to the thick black learning of their hometown sage Li Zongwu, but I always felt more or less connected.
Li Zongwu's research result, "Thick Black Studies", was published in a newspaper in Chengdu as early as the early years of the Republic of China. At that time, he gave himself the pen name "Duzun".
After the publication of "Thick Black Studies", readers were in an uproar and had a great impact.
Everyone used to call him "Li Houhei". Li Zongwu did not refute it, but instead called himself the "Thick Black Sect Leader" and was at ease.
He perfected his thick black theory step by step:
--------------------------------- Since Thick Black is the secret of successful people in ancient and modern times, how many steps of Thick Black Kung Fu are cultivated?
Li Zongwu said that only three steps are needed, the first step is "thick as a city wall, black as coal", the second step is "thick and hard, black and bright", and the third step is "thick and invisible, black and colorless".
Specifically, the skin of the face is initially as thick as white paper, the initial heart is also white, after repeated thick black practice, from the point to the inch, from the ruler to the foot, the color of the heart is also from white to green, from green to black, but this is only the initial kung fu; in the second step, it can reach the realm of shelling and cannot be broken, but it is still exposed to the form; until the third stage reaches the invisible and colorless realm, and the thick to black is not considered thick, not black.
------------------------ They are "empty, tribute, rush, praise, fear, and send".
In li zongwu's sutra on seeking officials, "emptiness" means that those seeking official positions should lay down everything and concentrate on seeking officials; "tribute" means drilling camps, and if there are holes, they must be drilled, and no holes can be penetrated; "rushing" means rushing to the sky and bragging; "praising" means clapping horses; "fear" means intimidation; and "sending" means bribery.
------------------------ They are "empty, gong, bandage, fierce, deaf, and lane".
To be "empty" in the official scriptures is to be empty, to criticize empty words, to speak empty words, not to be marginalized, and not to be hindered; "gong" is to bow down and smile at the chief; "to be stretched" is to stretch the face of subordinates and make a sacred and inviolable posture; "fierce" means to be fierce, to achieve personal goals, regardless of whether others are dead or alive; "deaf" means to pretend to be deaf and dumb, pretending to be confused; "playing" is to play tricks on power and use power for profit.
------------------------ It includes two specific methodologies, the saw-and-arrow method and the pot repair method.
The "sawing method" refers to a general whose arm is stabbed by an arrow and goes to the doctor, who helps him saw off the exposed arrow, and the part that is pierced into the flesh is handed over to other doctors. The main point of this method is to do what you can, beyond your own ability, and not to be emotional.
"Pot repair method" means that the pot maker takes advantage of the boss's lack of attention to further break the pot in order to highlight the value of his own pot repair. This method is to "set fires" and then "put out fires", putting the interests of others in the open and leaving their own benefits in the dark.
It was written that the pot on Li Zongwu's back was getting bigger and bigger. Many people chased after it, scolding while watching, saying that the world had become bad, which began with Li Zongwu's preaching of thick black studies.
<h1 class="ql-align-center" > three</h1>
However, is Li Zongwu, the "Thick Black Sect Leader", really teaching people thick black?
According to the success criteria of Houheixue, it can be said that Li Zongwu himself is a complete loser.
In 1900, the 21-year-old Li Zongwu won the Xiucai examination with the first place in the county examination. The foundation of traditional learning, he laid very steadily, which laid the foundation of his life. Some scholars even called him "The Last Generation of Scholars and Doctors in China."
Two years later, Li Zongwu was admitted to the Sichuan Higher School (the predecessor of Sichuan University) and studied in this new-style school for four years, receiving western training in mathematics and logic. Throughout his life, he not only studied thick black studies, but also intimidated Darwin, and he was justified, thanks to the learning and accumulation of this period.
Li Zongwu joined the League very early and was an old member, but after the Xinhai Revolution, he was deeply ashamed that he did not contribute to the revolution and returned to his hometown.
Later, at the invitation of his former classmates, he came out to become an official. He served as a small section chief in an institution such as the Sichuan Audit Yuan, and after the organization was abolished, he went to the official property clean-up office. By the winter of 1913, the agency had also been laid off, and he had to pack up his backpack again and leave.
During this period, he not only did not practice the thick black theory, but also despised fame and fortune and was a humble gentleman.
Jianghu reported that he took the initiative to ask for a salary cut before he was willing to go to the official property clean-up office. Later, he lost his job, but he did not even have the travel expenses to return home, so he had to find a fellow villager to borrow.
After returning to his hometown, he first went to a middle school as a principal and later became a provincial inspector.
When he was a supervisor, he was full of vigor and advocated strict examinations, which made the students who were mixed up quite unhappy. Once, several daring students took advantage of the night to drag him outside, beat him with wooden sticks, and scolded him before leaving: "You dog thing, the Lord does not advocate strict examinations?" ”
He said loudly, "As long as you don't die, you still have to take the test!" ”
In 1938, Li Zongwu, who was nearly sixty years old, served on the Sichuan Political Literature Editorial Committee. It is such an institution that sounds very unpopular, and when the provincial government is reorganized, it has been abolished. He had to move to the newly formed compilation room.
Soon, the compilation room streamlined the staff. Li Zongwu, who is not thick and dark, became the first person to get out.
At the beginning of 1939, Li Zongwu left Chengdu completely with his family and traveled all the way back to his hometown.
How unlucky a person must be, in order to be like Li Zongwu, twice in his life to "mix" the officialdom, twice was dismissed.
But Li Zongren could see it and didn't think so.
In his later years, he was extremely alcoholic, to the point where the cup could not be separated, and he had a Wei and Jin demeanor. He once wrote an article called "The Story of The Skeleton". The word "chunks" means that liu Ling, a wine immortal, often rode in a deer cart and carried a pot of wine, causing people to follow, saying "drink dead and bury it." He wrote this article with the intention of admiring Liu Ling.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Nan Huaijin once visited Li Zongwu at the Artesian Well and borrowed 10 yuan from him when he left. Li Zongwu gave him 20 yuan. Nan Huaijin said too much, and did not know when she would be able to pay it back. Li Zongwu said, first use it and then say.
Nan Huaijin later said with deep emotion: "Judging from the small matter of my borrowing money, the morality of the Thick Black Sect Leader is not thick black at all, and even very sincere and very generous. ”
<h1 class="ql-align-center" > four</h1>
It is not Li Zongwu who teaches the people of the world to be thick and black, it is the people of the world who take what they need, and only see the word "thick black" from his theory.
Someone once asked him: Li Zongwu, your thick black learning teaches people to do things without thick skin and black heart, I follow this practice, why do you fail everywhere?
Li Zongwu replied: Your courage is really great, when you hear the three words of Houheixue, you will take it and put it into practice, but if you only fail, you can still save your life and return, or your creation.
So, why did Li Zongwu write Thick Black Studies?
It is said that during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chiang Kai-shek read "Thick Black Studies" in Chongqing, pointed out that it was a bad book that corrupted people's hearts and endangered society, ordered that its publication be banned, and wanted Li Zongwu to be wanted. After Jiang's aide Wu Zhihui said that the matter was invisibly stranded.
In fact, Chiang Kai-shek pretended to be confused. The authorities did not like "Thick Black Studies" for other reasons, not because it corrupted the hearts and minds of the world.
Just like the inferiority of the people exposed by Liang Qichao, Lu Xun, and later Bai Yang and others, the art of thick black is, in Li Zongwu's view, "the national essence of the national essence, the fundamental fundamental", leaving a deep imprint on our national psychology. By following the study of thick black science, you can glimpse the truth of human nature.
Li Zongwu said: "Since ancient times, there has been a kind of public shady curtain in society, and this kind of shady curtain is only allowed to refer to each other, and it is not allowed to be exposed, and if it is exposed, it will be punished by society. ”
Li Zongwu dissected the thick black art in society, especially in the official arena, too deeply and realistically, and many people in power may faintly find their own shadows from his exposé jokes, and unconsciously sit in the seat, so that they are ashamed and angry.
This is the fundamental reason why Li Zongwu was scolded and banned. He was the child who told the truth, telling the truth about the emperor's lack of clothes.
He penetrated the morality of benevolence and righteousness under traditional political propaganda, but it was only false benevolence and false morality. Wrapped in the cloak of benevolence and morality, everyone can be said to be tacitly carrying out acts of conscience extinction (thick face) and fierce means (heart blackness).
He wrote "Thick Black Studies" in a tone of criticism, ridicule and even sadness, unloading the aura of heroes and saints and tearing apart the cruel truth of history.
Just as Lu Xun said, the words and deeds of people in history "often appear different" in the light and the dark, and the various political propaganda of the ancient emperors to show off the rule of virtue was actually often "dark decoration", "the golden cover on the human meat sauce jar, and the alabaster on the face of the ghost".
Li Zongwu's job was to remove the gold cover and wipe off the alabaster. So it offends people, it offends society.
A friend once bitterly advised Li Zongwu to give up the propaganda of HouheiXue. This friend said to him, thick black is a social pathology, and your various works are medicines for medical diseases, I understand all this, but social people do not understand. Nowadays, only the three words "thick black learning" are circulated in the world, and you will offend society.
Li Zongwu wrote back: "Persuading me not to talk about Hou Hei is equivalent to persuading Kong Meng not to talk about benevolence and righteousness, to persuade Han Fei not to talk about magic, to persuade Cheng Zhu not to talk about sincerity, and to persuade Wang Yangming not to talk about conscience. ”
This friend later described Li Zongwu as a bird owl with a terrible voice and a hateful image.
< h1 class="ql-align-center" > five</h1>
Although Li Zongwu did not give up the promotion of Houheixue, he finally listened to the opinions of his friends and made more interpretations of Houheixue.
As early as 1912, when the Chengdu newspaper serialized "Thick Black Studies", there was a debate in society about whether this statement was "leading people to be good" or "leading people to evil".
Li Zongwu's classmate Xie Shouqing stood up and defended him: "'Thick Black Studies' doesn't matter about good, it doesn't matter about evil. If it is sharp, it is good to curse thieves, and it is evil to slaughter good people. What is the blade between good and evil? Using "Thick Black Studies" to think that good is a good person, and using "Thick Black Studies" to think that evil is evil is evil. ”
Li Zongwu himself said:
I invented thick black science, which is equivalent to Watt inventing steam, and there is nothing that can be done. Using steam, causing trains, driving the law, you can travel thousands of miles a day, driving the law, you will fall down the rock. I put forward the slogan of "saving the country with thick black", that is, I hope that the driver will drive the train and rush to the great powers, do not drive forward towards the rocks, and do not rampage on the street and crush pedestrians.
He also pointed out in particular that his thick black science had been used in reverse. How to use the anti-law?
"Use thick characters for the great powers, wag your tail and beg for mercy, and use everything to the extreme; use black characters for the people of your country, squeeze out and roll, and use everything to the extreme, so that you will make China so bad." He went on to say, "I advocate turning it over, using thick characters for the people of our country, making concessions in everything, and accepting any anger and not counting any old account; using black characters against the great powers, whoever can destroy the imperialists, will do whatever it takes, will not give in at all, will not be affected at all, and all old accounts must be settled." ”
This is his original intention in talking about thick black science.
Li Zongwu experienced the division of China by the late Qing powers and the Japanese invasion of China, and as an intellectual, he used a strong patriotic feeling to study Houheiology, which was essentially a means for him to save the country, the time, and the world with scholarship.
The society at that time, including the society of the present, misunderstood his original intention, thinking that he was talking about a kind of personal success. This is really inexplicably sad.
He laid down two basic principles for his "thick black science":
1. Use thick black to seek selfish interests, the thicker the black, the more despicable the personality; the thicker the black to seek the common interests of all, the thicker the black, the more noble the personality. 2. Use thick black to seek selfish interests, the thicker the black, the more you fail; the thicker the black to seek the common interests of everyone, the thicker the black, the more successful.
However, these words of heart and lungs have never been seen by many people, or they have seen them and pretended not to see them.
They only need to find a shield for their ugly performances and worldly successes, and once they encounter accusations, they will move out of Li Zongwu: Anyway, the "Thick Black Sect Leader" taught me, and the fault is also his fault, I am just his loyal fan.
The problem is, Li Zongwu didn't teach you thick black at all!
I don't care, I grew up reading his books.
In 1943, Li Zongwu died of illness at the age of 64. After his death, someone wrote a note:
The Sect Leader returned to the Underworld and continued to expound the thick black, so that the ordinary lonely ghosts and wild ghosts would have to be promoted to higher ranks and get rich early; Mr. Chen resigned from the dust, no longer satirized society, and let those dirty officials and inferior gentry do wolf hearts and dog lungs.
alack! Since Li Zongwu invented the "Thick Black Study", more than 100 years have passed, and more and more people are proficient in thick black science, and fewer and fewer people understand Li Zongwu.
Every time I think of this, I feel sorry for Mr. Li Zongwu for three seconds.
bibliography:
Li Zongwu: Thick Black Studies, Qunyan Publishing House, 2006
Chen Yuan: The Neglected Master: A New Biography of Li Zongwu, China Archives Publishing House, 2006
Zhao Shaocheng and Zhou Li, "Interpretation of Thick Black Studies: On the Modern Significance of Confucianism", Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology, No. 9, 2008
Wang Zijin: "The Historical and Cultural Interpretation of "Thick Black"", Expo Books, No. 4, 2006