On December 14, a nationwide conference was held in Linshui County. The staff of the forest defense departments of all provinces and autonomous regions across the country sniped at the "Big Stone Dam" in Liujiao Village, Shidi Town, Linshui County. In front of you is a patch of masson pine, which at first glance looks indistinguishable from the rest of Sichuan, but in the field of forestry, this place has great significance for Sichuan – starting in 2004, for 13 years, it was the first front line in the battle between Sichuan and "pine cancer" pine wood nematode disease.
Pine wood nematode disease, known as the cancer and plague of pine trees, has caused the death of 70 million pine trees since its discovery in China in 1982, and the number of pine trees that need to be harvested every year for control may be dozens of times the amount of death.
From December 12 to 14, the 2017 National Forestry Pest Monitoring and Forecasting Advanced Training Course was held in Linshui County. The easternmost county town in Sichuan has accumulated valuable experience in the prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease in 13 years.
【Data】
It was introduced to Sichuan in 2004
It infected 19 counties in 13 years
Liu Dongsheng, deputy director of the State Forestry Administration, mentioned pine wood nematode disease at the seminar, using words such as "pine cancer" and "pine avian influenza" to describe the destructiveness of the disease. According to incomplete statistics, since the disease was first discovered in Nanjing in 1982, it has spread to 18 provinces and more than 400 county-level administrative regions in China, with a cumulative death of more than 70 million pine trees, which is a major national ecological disaster.
According to the "Results of the Third Provincial Forestry Pest Survey" released by the Forestry Department of Sichuan Province on November 29 this year, pine wood nematode disease was introduced to Sichuan in 2004, and Linshui County, Guangyuan City, was the earliest outbreak of pine wood nematode disease in Sichuan. At present, there are 19 counties in the province that have experienced the epidemic.
In the past 13 years, the affected counties have gradually been continuous, and finally four areas of Bunnan, Bundong, Panxi and Bunbei have been formed in the whole sichuan, with more than 100,000 pine trees dying every year. According to the staff of the Sichuan Provincial Forest Protection Station, behind this figure is the safety of 53 million mu of pine trees in Sichuan: "Taking Linshui as an example, after the outbreak of the epidemic in 2004, it took 7 years to eradicate it. As a result, in 2014, it came back in. Prevention and control is very difficult. ”
【Breaking the game】
Early prevention and early treatment are fundamental
Proposed legislative accountability concealment and false reporting
In addition to Sichuan, the harm of pine wood nematode disease is a grim situation in the eyes of the whole country. The Huangshan Mountain Scenic Area, which is famous throughout the country for its Yingkesong, is still facing great threats under long-term key prevention. "The epidemic has already occurred in Huangshan District, which is only 20 kilometers away from the Barren Mountain Scenic Area. It can be described as 'illness is on the way down the mountain'. At the seminar, the relevant person in charge of the State Forestry Administration introduced that in the Shishan area, once the pine trees are destroyed, the ecological environment will suffer irreversible damage.
At the meeting, Ye Jianren, former vice president of Nanjing Forestry University and an expert in the prevention and control of forest harmful organisms, released a set of data: from 2000 to 2010, 21 epidemic areas with an area of more than 5,000 mu were found, and the number of epidemic areas with diseases found below 100 mu exceeded 100 mu. "Improving monitoring, early prevention and early treatment is the key." Ye Jianren said that to prevent and control pine wood nematode disease, it must be found and diagnosed within 2 years of the occurrence of the disease, "the later, the more difficult it is to treat." ”
In view of the prevention and control of this "pine cancer", at present, the State Forestry Administration has formulated the "Measures for verification, supervision and accountability of forestry ecological disasters such as pine wood nematode disease (trial)", and is soliciting opinions from various localities. According to the contents of the "Measures", the State Forestry Administration has or will interview or inform the leading party and government cadres who discover pine wood nematode diseases in a timely manner, conceal or falsely report disasters, and fail to prevent and control disasters, or transfer them to discipline inspection and supervision departments and organization departments for accountability.
【Pine wood nematode disease】
Kill a pine tree in 40 days
Pine wood nematode disease, also known as pine wilt disease, is a devastating infectious disease, belongs to the most dangerous forestry harmful species in the world, mainly relying on the medium insects carried in wood and its products such as pine brown cattle for long-distance transmission. The nematode was intercepted from timber and wood products imported from Japan and other countries at China's ports.
Once a pine tree becomes infected, it will die in about 40 days. Pine wood nematodes are transmitted through pine ink cattle and other diseases, which are highly contagious, and if effective protective measures are not taken, the entire pine forest will die in 3-5 years. At present, the research and development capacity of high-efficiency and low-toxicity agents for pine wood nematode disease is still very low, and it cannot meet the needs of prevention and control work. At this training meeting, the staff of Linshui County made a detailed introduction to the treatment of infected tree stumps at the scene: "After the tree is cut down, the cutting pile section should be covered with a steel wire mesh, and then covered with soil to avoid the pine ink cattle carrying pine wood nematodes escaping from the infected wood and continuing to spread." ”
At present, there is no effective drug treatment for diseased trees, and its prevention and control still remains on cleaning up diseased dead trees and killing vectors.
Cover news reporter Yang Xue according to the interviewee