"Ecological solutions to ecological problems", a red plate "subdued" the Yanqing gill flatlebee bee that once rampantly endangered more than 60,000 mu of oil pine, ensuring the ecological safety of more than 100,000 mu of oil pine in Yanqing District and even the surrounding Huairou District and neighboring Hebei Province.
Little red plate "subdues" Yanqing cheek flat leaf bee
In Sihai Town, Yanqing District, the green pine forest is densely hung with A3 paper-sized red plates, which are particularly eye-catching, and the red and green on the mountainside make a unique scenery.
The two sides of the red plate hanging from the branches of the oil pine tree were almost glued to the bees with a length of nearly 2 centimeters, their bodies were firmly glued to the red board and could not move, and some of them were still struggling, slightly able to flap their wings a few times, obviously just falling into the "trap". The density of the distribution of bees on the red board is not the same, and if you climb sixty or seventy meters to the mountain, there are very few bees on some red plates.
These bees are the famous Yanqing gill-leaved bee adults in the list of forest pests in Yanqing District, although its adults are only 2 centimeters long, and the larvae are only about 2.5 centimeters long, but this humble little guy once let Yanqing and even the surrounding area sound the alarm.
Unknown pests once worked on Yanqing District
Oil pine poses a huge threat
Yanqing gill-leaved wasp is a leaf-eating pest unique to Yanqing District that harms oil pine, and in terms of name, it is the only forestry pest in Beijing named after the district name. The large number of groups, serious harm and rapid spread are the biggest characteristics of Yanqing gill-leaved wasps. Although the Yanqing cheeky flat leaf bee is menacing, under the guidance of the Beijing Municipal Forestry Protection Station, Yanqing District has taken effective and effective measures against it.
Up to now, the Yanqing cheeky flat leaf bee has been firmly locked in the Yanqing area and has not spread outward, ensuring the ecological safety of the oil pine in Yanqing District and the surrounding Huairou District and even the neighboring Hebei Province. This year, the Yanqing District Forestry Protection Station has hung 42,000 red plates in the oil pine forest of sihai town, Qianjiadian town, Jiuxian town, Xiangying township, Liu Binbao township and pearl spring township in Yanqing District, forming a closed circle for Yanqing cheeky flat leaf bees and ensuring that "insects are not a disaster".
The discovery of the Yanqing cheeky flat leaf wasp dates back 37 years. In July 1983, the forest protection department found this insect in the Oil Pine Woodland of Yong'anBao, Yong'anBao, Sihai Town, Yanqing District, which occurred in an area of 2 to 3 acres, after finding them, looking at the hazard status and pests of oil pine, asked many experienced professionals who did not determine the name of this pest, so in the case of not knowing anything about it, it was temporarily named Oil Pine Flat Leaf Bee.
After the discovery of the insect, the forest protection department conducted a survey of the pine forest in the whole area and began to conduct in-depth observation of its life history and occurrence. In June 1986, the specimen of this pest was sent to the Chinese Academy of Forestry, and the famous entomologist Mr. Xiao Gangroulao named it one of the four new species of the Chinese gill flat leaf bee subfamily, and the name of the Yanqing gill flat leaf bee was determined.
The larvae of the Yanqing cheeky flatleaf bee are very inconspicuous, but its harm is enormous. Its larvae eat oil pine needles, in the tens of thousands of larvae nibbling, the tall and green oil pine first can not photosynthesis, the tree gradually weakened, and then the oil pine will fall leaves, which not only affects the growth of trees, destroys the ecological landscape, when the harm is serious, directly causes the death of the whole tree. Therefore, in the prevention and control of its harm, we cannot take it lightly.
Yanqing "ribbon booby traps Yanqing gill-leaf wasp adult"
Get success
In order to do a good job in its prevention and control work, the forestry department of Yanqing District has successively adopted a number of measures such as manual pupae, plastic film covered on the ground to curb the excavation of feathered adult insects, smoke spraying by smoke sprayers, and spraying drugs on aircraft. Due to its rapid reproduction, in the 37 years since its first discovery, the occurrence range of Yanqing flat leaf bee has spread from Yong'anbao Village in Sihai Town to 6 townships such as Qianjiadian Town, Jiuxian Town, Xiangying Township, Liu BinBao Township and Pearl Spring Township, and the occurrence area has expanded from the initial few hundred mu to more than 60,000 mu in the high incidence period.
With the cooperation and support of the Beijing Forestry Protection Station and multiple departments, the forest protection department of Yanqing Landscaping Bureau carried out experiments such as "ribbon booby traps and kills adult Yanqing cheeky flat leaf bee" in 2011 and 2012. Ribbon booby-trapping is the use of forest pests of color tendency, through a variety of color comparison experiments found that the red tape stickworm board armyworm effect is the best.
This method of physical booby-trapping is environmentally friendly and pollution-free, and has no impact on other organisms, which is very effective and practical. After a female adult spawns, it can hatch dozens of larvae on the tree to harm the tree, and booby-trapping the adult insect is equivalent to killing the pest from the early stage, which not only saves manpower and material resources, reduces the pollution of the environment by spraying agriculture, but also lays the foundation for further prevention and control thereafter.
Forest pest control
A model road to combine with the employment of local villagers
Since 2013, Yanqing District has promoted the use of "ribbon booby traps to kill adult Yanqing gill-leaved wasp" for control. At present, yanqing cheeky flat leaf bee has been effectively controlled, its occurrence area has been reduced year by year, the density of insect population has decreased significantly, from the initial more than 500 heads per square meter to less than 10 heads per square meter now, and the occurrence area has dropped from 60,000 mu in the high incidence period to less than 20,000 mu at present. Many of the oil pine forests that have been harmed by the Yanqing flatleaf bee for many years have been rejuvenated, rejuvenated and healthy and thriving.
The effective control of Yanqing cheeky flat leaf bee has ensured the safety of forest resources and promoted the income of local farmers. At present, more than 100 local villagers have participated in the "ribbon booby trap Yanqing gill leaf bee adult" project, their annual per capita income can reach nearly 20,000 yuan, out of the forest pest control and local villagers employment combination of the model road, the next step, Yanqing Forest Protection on the basis of summarizing experience, will promote this good practice more.
Beijing and Hebei jointly build an ecological security defense line
"Cities and provinces have boundaries, pests have no boundaries", Yanqing District Lin Bao Station grasped the "ribbon booby trap Yanqing gill leaf bee adult" project at the same time, but also did a good job in the Beijing-Hebei pest prevention and control article. Forestry pests are dynamic, and some pests have a strong ability to migrate, so in the prevention and control of forestry pests, we must fight an overall war and a coordinated war, which is also the forestry pest prevention and control idea of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscaping.
The Beijing Forestry Protection Station has specially formulated the "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development and Coordinated Prevention and Control Of Forest harmful organisms in Adjacent Areas", and carried out the coordinated prevention and control of forest harmful organisms in a diversified and multi-dimensional manner through information sharing, technical exchanges, symposium training, conference seminars, and material support.
Over the past few years, Yanqing District has provided prevention and control material support to Huailai, Chicheng, Zhuolu, Xuanhua, Chongli and other districts and counties in Hebei Province, supporting a total of 1480 pieces of black light lampstands, hand saws, and high branch shears, 1180 sets of traps, and 35.8 tons of drugs for the prevention and control of forest harmful organisms. At present, a large network of Beijing-Hebei collaborative prevention and control of forestry harmful organisms has been woven in the west and north of Beijing, and the two places work together to maintain ecological security.
Written by: ShiHe
Photography: Qiu Yong
Editor, Proofreader: Wei Yao
(This article is excerpted from Greening and Life Magazine, No. 8, 2020)