At present, it is the growth period of garlic, next month will usher in the spring festival, the temperature rises after spring, the weather is gradually warmed up, for garlic in the growth period, this time is the most prosperous time, but for diseases and insect pests at this time is also more frequent, once there is a disease and insect infestation, garlic will inevitably cause damage, a little after the invasion, the grower will inevitably suffer serious losses.
Today we will talk about the garlic planting period, to 2-3 months of each year, after the weather rises, after the ground temperature of the garlic planting area is increased, there will be onion yellow oligo-hair jumping nails, and in February, the larvae of this pest will feel the warmth of the weather, and in the soil of the planting place, it will also climb up, once it climbs to the root of the garlic, then the pest will seriously eat the root part of the garlic, causing the garlic to wilt and die during the growth period.
Onion oligochaete jumping beetle is a pest of the leaf beetle family, belongs to the Coleoptera, this pest is also called "trampoline", onion oligochaete jumping beetle is a pest that likes to nibble on garlic, leeks, onions, onions, we can see that this pest in addition to invading garlic, other crops are also its first choice, when the onion yellow oligochaetaceous jumping nail invades garlic, it is to attack adults and larvae, adults mainly eat the stems and leaves of garlic, larvae eat the roots of garlic in the soil, larvae after nibbling on the roots of garlic, Garlic ground plant part is basically nothing unusual, the later garlic plant will have yellow and wilted leaves, the rhizome will be damaged after the fracture, the garlic rate is relatively poor, the adult insects harm the leaves and stems of garlic, especially the leaves are more obvious, adult insects in the nibbling on the leaves, will only nibble on half of the leaves, the other half basically will not infringe, after the invasion of the leaves, the onion yellow oligo-hairy jumping nails will leave black spots and small particles of feces, growers are easy to find after careful observation. Therefore, growers need to prevent it in February and March.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > first look at what this onion oligochaety jumping armor looks like? </h1>
The pest of the onion yellow oligochaeatus is mainly composed of adults, larvae, eggs, pupae, the following is the characteristics of the onion oligochaete jumping beetle, you can look down, it is easy to distinguish this pest later.
Adult: The body length is about 3.5-4.3 mm, the adult width is about 13-1.6 mm or so, the body is oval, when it first feathers, the color of the adult body is light brown, after the change of time, the adult body color will become dark brown, the head is black, 2 antennae, the antennae are linear, 11 nodes, the physical characteristics of the adult female and male insects are also different, the antennae of the female insects are relatively short, and they are thinner, the antennae of the male insects are longer, and thick, the male insects are larger than the female insects, more robust.
Larvae: After the larva hatches from the pupa, the body length is about 1.1-1.3 mm, the body is milky white, the head and tail are light brown, there are three pairs of pectoral feet, the larva has no gastropods, when the larva becomes an old larva, the body color will become light yellow, the body length is about 8-10 mm, the body is cylindrical, the tail is relatively thin, there is a layer of villi on the chest and abdomen, the tail is oval, there is a clear V-shape on the head, and there are 4 pairs of pectoral feet.
Eggs: The shape of the eggs is oval, about 0.5-0.7 mm in length and 0.4-0.5 mm in width, and the eggs laid by adults are milky white at the beginning, and then become light yellow in the later stage, and the surface of the eggs is relatively rough.
Pupae: Pupae are around 4-5 mm long and pale yellow.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > when does garlic onion yellow oligoflora jumping nail generally occur? </h1>
Garlic onion yellow oligo-haired jumping nails generally occur in most parts of China in two generations a year, basically distributed in China's most important garlic producing areas, such as Shandong region, Hebei region, Henan region, northeast region, Anhui region, etc., almost in the place where garlic can be planted, this pest will appear, onion yellow oligochaete jumping nail in 2-3 months of each year Larvae will appear, and the vitality of the larvae is more tenacious, for the winter in the soil can be safe winter, Because the larvae from the cucumber hairy beetle will generally survive below 10 cm below the soil of the planting ground, if the weather is warm, the larvae will climb up with the soil temperature, and once it is April to May, the larvae will feather into pupae after eating the rhizome of garlic, and then after about 10 days, the pupa will become an adult worm and begin to invade the leaves of garlic.
April to May of each year is the high incidence of insect pests, because this is the time when the onion oligochaete beetle feathers adults, adults in the invasion of garlic leaves, followed by egg laying, and then in June is the first generation of pests appear, to July after the emergence of the second generation of pests, adults will generally survive for about a month after laying eggs will die, male pests will survive for about two months, female insects when laying eggs, each egg can reach more than 200 eggs.
Onion oligo-haired jumping nails like warm weather, but the hot weather is not conducive to their survival, mainly in the spring is when they appear frequently, when the spring temperature is suitable, adults will drill out of the soil, climb on the garlic plants to begin to nibble on the leaves of garlic, especially the greenery garlic leaves are the most popular delicacies of the onion yellow jumping beetles, adults are more cunning, when in danger, will be suspended, when not paying attention, adults will jump away, onion yellow oligosity jumping armor is generally like to jump, flying not high, Onion oligo-haired jumping nails like to be active during the day, and also lay eggs during the day, generally laying eggs in the spring for about 15 days, if it is summer, the general spawning period is about 5 days.
Adults in the spawning, most of the eggs in the soil 3-5 cm place appears, sometimes in about 2 cm can see the eggs, adult eggs generally need a suitable temperature, but the larvae unearthed generally above 10 degrees can appear, but the adult egg laying temperature is above 22 degrees, less than 20 degrees below the adult worm will not lay eggs, when the larva hatches in the root of the garlic began to crawl, and then will bite through the epidermis of the garlic root, drill into the root whiskers to begin to nibble, when the larva reaches a certain time, It will feather into pupae in the soil around the root of garlic about 5 cm, when the moisture of the soil is more than 10%, the adult worms will be feathered and unearthed, especially when the garlic planting ground is watered, a large number of pests will inevitably appear within 1-2 days after watering. Moist soil is a major cause of pest breeding.
For growers to plant garlic, the requirements for land preparation are not strict, resulting in insect eggs are not easy to find, the land is not disinfected and killed, are the main causes of insect infestation, and there is serious planting of heavy stubble, planting density is relatively large, is not conducive to ventilation, get effective light, fertilization process does not pay attention to decomposed farm manure, resulting in a large number of eggs and larvae in the soil survival, especially in the winter without timely fertilization and freezing water, so that insect pests have better living conditions, For years like some rainy years are also the main reason for the relatively prone to insect pests.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > how to control the onion oligo-haired jumping nail? </h1>
1, because the onion oligo-haired jumping beetle belongs to the combination of underground pests and aboveground pests, so for the early planting of garlic, it must be deeply cultivated in the soil before planting, to do artificial and rotary tillers for many times to carry out deep ploughing, deep ploughing must be more than 15-20 cm, and then the soil in the soil is flattened, keep the fine soil, and then let the deep soil be exposed to the sun for more than 15 days, let the ultraviolet disinfection of the sun to kill insect eggs, and at the same time, after the sun exposure, the field insecticide can be mixed with soil to plant garlic.
2, for the soil of the planting area is recommended not to replant, to avoid the remnants of insect pests, it is best to rotate crops with other crops, but like onions, green onions, leeks, etc. should not be rotated, for the park after harvesting must be carried out in the operation of the garden, to avoid the emergence of insect eggs in the second year, adult insects appear quickly, you can use ammonia water for irrigation treatment after harvesting, especially in the garlic planting period, do not apply raw manure, remember that fertilizer must use decomposed farm manure or organic fertilizer, fertilization must be applied deeply, If pests are found in the park, do not apply farm manure, to use chemical fertilizer to spread, in the spring must be spring ploughing spring irrigation, the use of large water to drown larvae and insect eggs, for the winter time it is best to carry out a winter irrigation, and then with the decomposed garbage fertilizer for coverage, can effectively eliminate pests.
3, the field uses the sticky insect board to trap adult insects, there are many colored plates on the market, but the onion yellow oligochaete jumping armor will not play a role in some colors, so it is necessary to use green and yellow sticky insect board, the green and yellow oligochaete jumping nail is more interested in these two colors, there is phototropism, and at the same time in April-May of each year, it is necessary to hang a high-strength sticky insect board, and the sticky insect board is effective in trapping and killing insects in order to be close to the ground.
4, the prevention and control of drugs must pay attention not to the use of highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides, because the larvae of the onion oligochaete are harmful to the roots of garlic, so it is difficult to find in normal times, and there is a certain degree of difficulty in prevention and control, for killing pests we need to control in the early stage, when the larvae still appear in the spring or appear less, we have to carry out root irrigation treatment, it is recommended to use octylthion, Lesben, kung fu emulsion, tetrabromothrin emulsion, cypermethrin emulsion, root killing larvae, For adult insects in the field, octyl thion, kung fu emulsion, Lesben, high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsion, and Raffling emulsion can be used for spray treatment.
Precautions: The above drugs need to be used once in 5-7 days, the drugs can be used alternately, continuously used to 4-5 times, but in the 5-7 days before garlic harvest can not be sprayed, must not use highly toxic pesticides, in order to prevent drug damage, for the usual time, in addition to spring irrigation and winter irrigation, the rest of the time try not to water, so as not to the soil moisture is suitable, the larvae quickly feathered adult insects harm garlic plants.