There were huge armies, advanced weapons, and more abundant financial resources, but the Song Dynasty became the object of the Western Xia, the Liao, the Jin Dynasty, and the Mongolian Yuan, and the Song Dynasty also had a "good habit": the more you beat me, the more money I will give you, and the number of "old coins" given to the enemy is directly proportional to the number of soldiers who have been killed.
Why the Song Dynasty is always beaten, and whether the Zhao family is rich or not, some of these reasons, it seems that it can not be explored in depth, so our topic today, only talk about the song dynasty's advanced weapons - the song dynasty army invented four kinds of hot weapons, still in use, two of which have even been on the banned list, but that list is just a piece of waste paper, the army should use it or not, no one can control.
Watching the documentary "The Evolution of Guns" made by foreigners in recent days, I found that the first episode of the statement is more reliable but not very accurate: "The gun is a firearm (the spear expresses disobedience), before the gun appears, there must be gunpowder (it seems that Zhang Fei Zhao Yun used a fake gun), more than a thousand years ago in China, an alchemist inadvertently mixed saltpeter, sulfur and charcoal, resulting in an explosion (Fan Li, born in 536 BC, wrote "Fan Zi Jiran", which has recorded the origin of gunpowder raw materials)... Chinese soon discovered the military use of gunpowder and made arrows to fill it. ”
After all, the documentary was made by foreigners, who did not know that rockets had appeared during the Three Kingdoms period (not the Battle of Chibi, but Hao Zhaoshou Chen Cang, who burned Zhuge Liang's ladder with rockets), so when introducing early rockets, they used the Ming Dynasty's "fire dragon out of the water".
Although the documentary is flawed, but the overall statement is good, it does not rob the invention right of gunpowder weapons like some spicy cabbage, and it is blown into the sky as the "magic arrow", and the film does not mention a word.
The world's earliest tubular gunpowder weapon is the "burst musket" of the Song Dynasty, which is the ancestor of all guns. The picture of the assault musket, when the author was in school, saw it in the textbook, and still remembers it vividly, and it is also recorded in the "Song Shi , Volume 197 Zhi 150 • Bing Xi · The System of Armor": "In the first year of Kaiqing, the sudden musket was built, with ju bamboo as the barrel, and the inner ann zi, such as burning, the flame was extinguished and then the zi jiao was emitted, such as the sound of the cannon, and more than one hundred and fifty steps were heard from afar." ”
Kaiqing is the seventh year of zhao yun of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the first year of Kaiqing is 1259 AD, when the national arsenal has begun to manufacture large-scale assault guns. This kind of assault rifle has a maximum range of one hundred and fifty meters and an effective range of one hundred meters, which is not as powerful as the current assault rifle, but it is much longer than the effective range of the general micro-charge.
The Song Dynasty musket is both a gun and a cannon, and the difference is in the caliber and range, so the Song Dynasty invented the world's first rifle, and military experts may not dispute it.
In addition to the musket, the Song Dynasty also invented the flamethrower, which is the Song military standard equipment, the name is called "fierce fire oil tank", that is, the miniature version of the spitfire tank, which is recorded in detail in the "Wujing General Essentials • Former Collection • Volume XII", and the readers compare it with each other, and it is clear at a glance: "Take cooked copper as the cabinet, apply four feet under it, list four rolls on the top, and apply a huge cylinder on the roll, all of which are connected with the cabinet." The horizontal barrel is large at the end, and the small tail is opened, as large as a grain, and the head is a round mouth, and the diameter is half an inch. The cabinet is open, the reel is the mouth, the mouth has a lid, and it is the oil injection place. With force, the oil came out of the fire building, and all became a flame. Everyone in the middle is eroded, and the water cannot be extinguished. ”
In addition to rifles and flamethrowers, the Song army was also equipped with explosive weapons - throwing out fragments of grenades, burying them as mines, and the song dynasty's iron-shelled mines, and now a large number of physical excavations.
In 2017, during an archaeological excavation of the White Emperor City by the Chongqing archaeological department, iron mines from the Southern Song Dynasty were unearthed: spherical in shape, filled with gunpowder in hollow interior, and small-mouth connection letters. Archaeologists deduced that these iron mines were mass-produced by casting technology.
The discovery of high levels of sulfur in the remnants of iron mines indicates that these mines are in a state of combat readiness, but for some reason they have not been put into actual combat - fortunately, they have not been used, and if they had been bombed that year, we would not have been able to invent the mines.
On 17 September 1997, the International Landmine Congress was held in Oslo, and the meeting adopted the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-personnel Mines and on Their Destruction, which currently has one hundred and sixty-two States parties, and polar bears and bald eagles have always refused to sign the agreement.
The inventor of the mine could not help but use mines, it is logical, and at the same time as the explosion to release poisonous gas, this kind of thing we really do not do, and the Song Dynasty against the Liao, Jin using this weapon, is also a helpless move: "There is a method of releasing poison, smoking balls ... The dung cannon method uses half a pound of wolf poison, half a pound of grass aconitum, half a pound of croton, half a pound of soap horn, half a pound of arsenic, half a pound of arsenic, half a pound of arsenic, boiling in a wok, into a thin crock pot to accommodate one and a half pounds, with grass plugging mouth, the cannon is placed inside to hit the siege, can penetrate the iron armor, then it becomes ulcerated. The poisoner still uses ume licorice in his mouth to ward off its poison. ”
The poison gas bombs equipped by the Song army seem to be classified as chemical weapons, and their use is now strictly prohibited. If the national strength is not enough and people are suspected of having this thing, just decorate the washing powder with a glass tube, it may be used as evidence, and finally it will be pressed to the ground and rubbed, the home will be beaten to pieces, and the boss will be hanged up and killed.
In the Song Dynasty, there was no such concept, but with two new weapons, rifles and flamethrowers, as well as mines and poison gas bombs that are now banned, why was the Song Dynasty still hanging around? This question, the author can not find the answer to this day, the only possible reasonable explanation, is that the Song Dynasty is too rich, rich people are sparing their lives, can not fight without fighting, would rather spend money to buy peace, but did not expect the Liao, Jin, Mongolian three kingdoms, not only want the money of the Song Dynasty, but also want the life of the Song Dynasty ...