In human society, disputes and disagreements can be said to be everywhere, and many times, disputes are a process of progress. And there are also many controversies that are indispensable for the serious scientific community, and we can find many controversies and disagreements among great scientists in history, some of which are even filled with a lot of dirty deeds and conspiracies. Through today's article, Xiaobian brought, in the history of science, 6 huge disputes between different scientists.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" >1, Ignaz Semmelweis and Charles Delusena Meggs: Doctors wash their hands debate</h1>
The importance of handwashing is uncontroversial to modern people. But in the 1850s, there was a huge debate in the scientific community. The Hungarian obstetrician-gynecologist at the time, Ignaz Semmelweis, suggested that in order to reduce neonatal mortality, obstetricians and gynecologists should wash their hands frequently, but this view received a lot of criticism in the medical community, especially from the famous American obstetrician and gynecologist Charles DeLusenna Meggs. He claimed that the doctors were gentlemen, and that the gentlemen's hands were clean enough that they did not need to wash their hands. He began to carry out a great deal of denigration against Ignaz, which led to his layoff. It wasn't until 20 years later that Ignaz's views were confirmed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" >2, Charles Darwin, and Richard Owen: Evolution</h1>
As the father of evolution, Darwin held a high position in the history of science. However, in the history of science, he is not the only scientist who has conducted academic research and publishing on the theory of evolution. The famous microbiologist and physician Robert Koch shared the same ideas and research. However, Darwin published the research paper earlier than he did, much to Richard Owen's infuriating. The two later arguments developed into public insults. Richard Owen even spoke outright against the theory of evolution that he had once firmly believed in and studied, only to criticize Darwin.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" >3, Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla: The Battle of AC and DC</h1>
Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla were undoubtedly great scientists in human history, and in comparison, Edison was a fairly successful businessman. Edison was very successful in designing and promoting DC, and he did spend a lot of energy, time, and money on it. Tesla is a proponent of alternating current. Throughout history, Edison may have been very vile in denigrating Tesla and the alternating current he supported. So much so that Tesla didn't even win the Nobel Prize, and didn't get enough money to do his research, and he eventually died in poverty. Nowadays, both alternating current and direct current play an important role in our lives.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" >4, Isaac Newton, and Gottfried Leibniz: The Calculus Controversy</h1>
Isaac Newton is one of humanity's greatest scientists. He played a huge role in the implementation of modern science. He has long been working on calculus, but at the same time, another scientist, Gottfried Leibniz, is also working on the theory. However, when Newton learned of this, he and his friends began to denigrate Gottfried and succeeded in removing Leibniz's name from calculus theory. This led to the idea that Gottfried Leibniz's contribution to calculus was secondary, but in fact very important.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" >5, Edward Drick Cop, and Osnier Charles Marsh</h1>
In the history of science, there is this extremely famous event, known as the "fossil war", which was a huge scientific controversy carried out by paleontologists Edward Drick Popular and Osnier Charles Marsh. Although the contributions of the two paleontologists in the field are very large, the differences between the two in the field are huge, and the argument between the two even extends from the scientific community to life, and they not only denigrate each other, but even have violent fights.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" >6, French and American scientists: the discovery of HIV</h1>
There have also been huge controversies in the scientific community about the discovery of AIDS. In 1985, the Institut Pasteur in Paris sued the U.S. government for claiming to have first detected HIV in 1981, but a U.S. team led by Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute preemptively claimed to have made the discovery. The scientific teams on both sides fought a long time until 1987, when U.S. President Ronald Reagan and French Prime Minister Jacques Chirac stepped in to accept the discovery.