Pick up the flowers
I. Author Profile
Lu Xun (1881-1936), formerly known as Zhou Shuren (周树人), was born into a declining feudal family. He is a great proletarian writer, thinker and revolutionary in modern China and the founder of modern Chinese literature. Representative works include: the first vernacular novel in the history of modern Chinese literature, "Diary of a Madman", and the first use of the pen name "Lu Xun"; the novella "A Q Zheng Biography", the reminiscent essay collection "Chao Hua Xi Shi", the novel collection "Scream", "Wandering" and so on.
On September 25, 1881, Mr. Lu Xun was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. The Zhou family was a large family, and by the time of Lu Xun's grandfather,it was in decline. Lu Xun's father was a talented man, and he had never been admitted to the examination for the rest of his life. At the age of 12, his grandfather was imprisoned for the Kechang case, and his father became increasingly ill from this blow, and died at the age of 15. During this time, as the eldest son in the family, Lu Xun planned to go in and out of the pawnshop and the pharmacy every day, and deeply felt the heat and cold of the situation. At the age of 17, Lu Xun left his hometown and advanced to the Nanjing Water Teacher School, and then transferred to the Road Mine School. In 1902, he graduated with honors and went to Japan for further study. Two years later, he entered the Sendai Medical College to study medicine, and the slide incident made him deeply realize that changing the numb spirit of Chinese was more important than healing the body, so he abandoned the medical profession. After returning to China in 1909, Lu Xun successively taught in Hangzhou, Shaoxing and other places, and then went to the Ministry of Education in Beijing to do things, during which he witnessed the whole process of the Xinhai Revolution from victory to defeat, and further strengthened the understanding that the top priority of Chinese society is the transformation of national nature. Around 1917, the New Culture Movement and the Literary Revolution had begun to be promoted, Lu Xun began to write, and with the publication of the first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman", he was out of control and created a large number of literary works.
2. Background of writing
At the time of the creation of "Chao Hua Xi Shi", Lu Xun was already an important writer in the literary world. After the "March 18" massacre in 1926, Lu Xun wrote articles such as "In Memory of Liu and Zhenjun" and angrily denounced the government's shameless deeds and was persecuted by the government. He has successively avoided Yamamoto Hospital and German Hospital. Despite his hard life, he also wrote a lot of prose poems and three essays, such as "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties", "Five Rampant Society", and "Impermanence", which were later included in the prose collection "Chao Hua Xi Shi" and "Dog, Cat and Mouse" and "Ah Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas" written by Lu Xun before the tragedy.
In September 1926, Lu Xun accepted an offer from Xiamen University to teach in the south, but he only took it with him for more than four months, because he found that the air at Xiamen University was as dirty as beijing. Here Lu Xun saw the ugly faces of various intellectuals and attacked them mercilessly. Although Lu Xun did not like Xiamen University, he devoted himself to the courses he took, and his classes were very popular with students. In addition to his busy teaching, Lu Xun wrote many works, including five essays, including "From The Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Book House", "Father's Disease", "Trivia", "Mr. Fujino" and "Fan Ainong". These five essays, together with the other five essays created in Beijing, constitute the whole of Chao Hua Xi Shi. It was published in 1927.
Third, the main content and theme ideas
"Dog, Cat, Mouse" – In this article, Mr. Lu Xun liquidates the cat's crimes: first, the cat always plays with the prey it catches before eating it; second, it is of the same race as the lion and tiger, but it is born with a flattering attitude; third, it always howls when it cooperates, which is upsetting; fourth, it eats a small hidden mouse that I loved when I was a child. Although it was later confirmed that it was not the cat that caused the victim, I did not have a good feeling for the cat, not to mention that it did eat the rabbit later! This article takes the type of "cat" and sharply and graphically satirizes people in life who are similar to cats.
"Ah Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas" - Ah Chang is Lu Xun's nanny. Narrating the scene of getting along with Ah Chang as a child, it describes the kind, simple and superstitious, nagging, "full belly is a troublesome etiquette" personality of the eldest mother; she is full of respect and gratitude for her search for and gift of the drawing "Classic of Mountains and Seas" that she has longed for. The article expresses in affectionate language the sincere remembrance of this working woman.
The Twenty-Four Filial Pieties – The so-called Twenty-Four Filial Pieties is a book about the twenty-four filial pieties of ancient China, with pictures, the main purpose of which is to promote feudal filial piety. Mr. Lu Xun started from his feelings of reading "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties" when he was a child, focusing on the strong disgust caused by reading the two stories of "Lao Lai YuQin" and "Guo Ju Buried Er", vividly exposing the hypocrisy and cruelty of feudal filial piety and revealing the pity of Chinese children.
"Five Rampant Society" - The Five Rampant Society is a god-welcoming race, which was a festival in my childhood mind. It describes the eagerness and excitement of watching the God Match as a child, and the unpleasant and painful feeling of being forced by my father to recite the Jian Luo. It is pointed out that compulsory feudal education suppresses and destroys children's nature.
"Impermanence" - Impermanence is a ghost with a human touch, when he went to seduce the soul, he saw that his mother was crying for his dead son so sad, and decided to let his son "return the Yang for half a moment", and as a result, he was beaten by his boss, King Yan Luo, forty sticks. When recalling impermanence, the article adds a few satires to the so-called righteous gentleman of reality from time to time, and the illusory impermanence gives Lu Xun's lonely and sad heart some comfort at that time.
"From The Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Bookhouse" describes the fun obtained in the Baicao Garden at home and the boring life of reading in the Sanwei Bookhouse, reveals the sharp contradiction between the children's broad life interest and the feudal bookcase education that restricts children's nature, and expresses the reasonable requirements for children to grow up healthy and lively.
"Father's Disease" - The father's healing death has always been the pain buried in Lu Xun's heart. The article focuses on recalling the scene of treating his father's illness as a child, describes the attitude, style, prescription and other manifestations of several "famous doctors", and reveals the essence of these people's witch doctors who do not distinguish between them, so they are mysterious, extort money, and take people's lives.
"Trivia" - Lu Xun mainly recalls the process of leaving Shaoxing to study in Nanjing in this article. The work describes the various drawbacks and difficulties of the Jiangnan Water Teacher School and the Mining Railway School at that time, and criticizes the "black smoke miasma" of the Western school. The author recounts the excitement of the initial exposure to evolution and the hungry reading of the Theory of Heaven in spite of the objections of the elders, showing a strong desire to seek the truth.
"Mr. Fujino" - Records the author's study life during his study in Japan, and recounts the discrimination, insults and decisions of Japanese students in Sendai Medical College to abandon medical practice. The author prominently recounts the rigorous, upright, enthusiastic, and noble character of mr. Fujino, a Japanese teacher, and expresses the deep nostalgia for Mr. Fujino.
"Fan Ainong" - recounting several fragments of the author's life when he studied in Japan and after returning to China, describing Fan Ainong's dissatisfaction with the dark society before the revolution, the pursuit of revolution, and the persecution after the Xinhai Revolution, showing disappointment in the old democratic revolution and sympathy and mourning for this upright and stubborn patriot.
4. Character image
The four main characters who appear in "Morning Flowers and Nights" are the author's nanny, mentor, friend, and father.
Long mother - there is a side of ignorance and superstition, but she retains simple and kind love in her, which the author will never forget. From the elder mother, we can see Lu Xun's feelings for the working people at the bottom: he not only reveals the ignorant and numb side of them, but also praises the beautiful and kind side of them.
Mr. Fujino, a professor of foreign medicine, was awe-inspiring for his humble and simple personality because he showed an attitude of equality and because he cared about the studies of the people of weak countries. Everything he did was very ordinary, and if we didn't put ourselves in Lu Xun's position at that time, it would be difficult to feel the greatness of this teacher.
Van Ainon – an awakened intellectual, but unable to gain a foothold in a dark society. He can't be like a madman, eventually compromise with this society, and he can't forget like Mr. N, so his heart is painful and sad, and we, like Mr. Lu Xun, suspect that he committed suicide.
Father- Father had confused Lu Xun in his childhood, because when he was happy to see the Five Rampant Society, he ordered him to endorse it. However, Lu Xun never blamed his father, and he repented that he did not let his father die quietly, which made his soul forever uneasy and painful. We feel mr. Lu Xun's strong love.
5. Artistic Techniques
1. The organic integration of narrative, description, lyricism and discussion is full of poetry. For example, the scenery of the Hundred Grass Garden is depicted, and the sound and color are fascinating.
2. In the affectionate recollection of the past, the author cannot forget the reality, and from time to time inserts some "essay writing" (that is, the discussion of reality), showing Mr. Lu Xun's true and rich inner world. For example, the article "Cat • Dog • Mouse" not only has the author's affectionate memories of a cute little hidden mouse that he had in childhood, but also has a vivid account of the folk stories told by his grandmother, and at the same time reveals the true face of the decent gentlemen who are like "cats" in reality.
3. Good at absorbing the small details of life, seeing the big with the small, writing people writes the charm of the characters, and writing things writes the essence of the event. For example, in "Impermanence", from the fact that impermanence also has a wife and children, the author not only writes out the humane characteristics of impermanence, but also cleverly satirizes the hypocritical intellectuals in life.
4. When the author criticizes and satirizes the old feudal system and old morality, he often uses ironic techniques. On the surface, it is very calm to describe the beginning and end of the event, but in fact it is the opposite, and in the narrative implies a clever irony of "words here and meanings on the other". For example, in "Father", the practice process of quack medicine is described in detail, there is no positive accusation and irony, but the words contain the author's indignant criticism and irony everywhere.
5. The author often uses contrasting techniques in prose. For example, "Five Rampant Society" expresses the antipathy and criticism of feudal society through the comparison of my state of mind before and after; "Impermanence" profoundly portrays the ugly face of some people in real life whose "personality" is inferior to that of "ghost personality" in real life through the contrast between the "ghost" of impermanence and the "person" in reality; the author of "Cat, Dog, Mouse" forms a sharp contrast between the love of the little hidden mouse and the strong hatred for cats.
Sixth, wonderful clips
One of the highlights of "The Five Rampant Society"
I was nervous and brought the book. He made me sit at the table in the center of the hall and taught me to read it sentence by sentence. I read it sentence by sentence with my heart in my heart.
Two sentences a line, about twenty or thirty lines, he said:
"Read it to me. If you can't recite it, you are not allowed to go to the meeting. ”
When he had finished speaking, he got up and went into the room.
I seemed to pour a basin of cold water over my head. But what's the solution? Nature is to read, the reader, to remember ,—— and to memorize it.
Guangdong from Pangu, born in Taihuang,
The first out of the royal world, the chaos of the chaos.
It is such a book that I now remember only the first four sentences, and forget everything else; the twenty or thirty lines that I forced to remember at that time are naturally forgotten in it. I remember hearing at that time that reading the "JianLuo" was much more useful than reading the "Thousand Character Text" and "Hundred Family Names", because you could know the general situation from ancient times to the present. Of course, it is good to know about the past to the present, but I don't understand a word. "Guangdong from Pangu" is "Guangdong from Pangu", read on, remember it, "Cantonese from Pangu" Oh! "Born in too much wilderness" Oh! ...
The applied objects have been moved, and the busyness in the home has turned into silence. The morning sun shines on the western wall, and the weather is very clear. Mothers, workers, long mothers and elders could not be rescued, but silently waited for me to read and recite them. In the midst of the silence, it seemed that I had to stretch out many iron tongs in my head to catch the stream of "born in the wilderness"; I also heard the sound of my urgent recitation trembling, as if the crickets of late autumn were chirping in the night.
They all waited; the sun was spared higher.
I suddenly seemed to be very sure, so I stood up, and the book went into my father's study, and I went down in one breath, and I finished it like a dream.
"Nice. Go for it. Father nodded and said.
Everyone moved at the same time, with smiles on their faces, and walked toward the river port. The workers lifted me high, as if congratulating me on my success, and walked quickly to the forefront.
I wasn't as happy as they were. After the boat started, the scenery in the waterway, the snacks in the box, and the bustle of the Five Rampant Meetings in Dongguan didn't seem to be of much interest to me.
Appreciation - The article is very meticulous about its mood change from "laughing and jumping" to feeling that everything is "not very interesting", and contains a quiet criticism of feudal education. We can also see from the text that the author did not say a word of condemnation to his father, but only expressed sadness and confusion about the elders' inability to understand the true feelings of a child.
Highlight 2 "Van Ainong"
By early winter, we were in a much more strained situation, yet still drinking and telling jokes. Suddenly, it was the Wuchang uprising, followed by the Shaoxing Restoration. The next day Ainong came to town, wearing a felt hat that farmers usually used, a smile that had never been seen before.
"Old Xun, we're not drinking today." I'm going to see Shaoxing. Let's go together. ”
We went out into the street and saw white flags. However, despite this, the inner bones are still the same, because it is still a military government organized by a few old squires, and what railway shareholders are the chief administrative secretary... This military government did not last long in the end, a few teenagers shouted, Wang Jinfa led soldiers from Hangzhou to come in, but even if they did not shout or would come. After he came in, he was surrounded by many idle men and new revolutionary parties, and he became the governor of wangdu. The characters in the yamen, who came in cloth clothes, probably changed into leather robes in less than ten days, and the weather was not cold.
I was placed next to the rice bowl of the principal of the normal school, and Wang Dudu gave me 200 yuan of school funds. Ai Nong was a supervisor, still that cloth robe, but he didn't drink a lot, and he rarely had time to talk about idle days. He does things and teaches, and he is really diligent and fast.
Appreciation - There is an important detail in the text, that is, the description of Shaoxing after the restoration of the soup and does not change the medicine. In fact, this has laid the foundation for the tragedy of Fan Ainong. Lu Xun did not have a single positive praise for Fan Ainong, but only from his expression that "that smile has never been seen before" and from his actions that "he was really diligent and fast enough" to show the happy side of Fan Ainong's mood after the revolution. But the greater the hope in Fan Ainong's heart, the greater the disappointment, and Lu Xun later used a lot of ink to write about the reality of Shaoxing after the restoration, which was actually to explore the reasons for the tragic fate of his friend.
"Picking Up flowers and nights" exercise questions
1. Fill in the blanks
1. The original title of "Chao Hua Xi Shi" was "Old Things Revisited", which is a collection of reminiscence essays made by Mr. Lu Xun in 1926, a total of 10 articles. At present, we have studied "From the Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Bookhouse" and "Ah Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas". Please introduce the main content of one of them (except for those learned in class): Example: The main content of "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties": When I was a child, my partner and I really did not have any good picture books to read. The earliest picture book I had was "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties." Among them, what puzzled me the most, and even disgusted me, were the two things that "Lao Lai Entertained Relatives" and "Guo Ju Buried Er."
In "Chao Hua Xi Shi", the author mentioned in two articles that his childhood nanny mother "murdered" the hidden rat, illustrating his nostalgia for Ah Chang. Lu Xun was a writer, thinker, and revolutionary. Lu Xun's original name was Zhou Zhangshou (周樟寿字豫才) and later changed his name to Zhou Shuren(周树人). His first vernacular novel, The Diary of a Madman. The subject of The Morning Flower Is a collection of reminiscent essays. Asahina picked up the original name of the old thing again. Published in 1927. A total of 10 works were collected. The word "asahi" means morning, and "sunset" means night. Analyze the title of the book: Picking up flowers in the morning and picking them up at night is to recall the past when you are an adult.
The four main characters who appear in "Morning Flowers and Nights" are: the author's nanny mother, Mr. Fujino, the mentor, the friend Fan Aimin, and the father. Other representative works of the author of "Chao Hua Xi Shi" include: the first vernacular novel in the history of modern Literature in China, "Diary of a Madman", the novella "A Q Zheng Biography", the reminiscent essay collection "Chao Hua Xi Shi", the novel collection "Scream", "Wandering" and so on.
The couplet about "Chao Hua Xi Shi": drinking flower wine alone to release the chest bamboo, cold clothes are not victorious in the summer, who belongs to the flower xi shi, sweet and sour, salty and spicy bitter.
The idea of "Chao Hua Xi Shi": It describes the author's childhood life and the process of studying in his youth, recalls those people and things that are difficult to forget, and expresses the nostalgia for his relatives, friends and teachers in the past. In the middle of the discussion, the work attacks and ridicules the reactionary and conservative forces.
2. "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties" focuses on the analysis of filial piety stories such as Wo Bing Qiu Carp, Lao Lai Yu Qin, Guo Ju Burier, etc., accusing such feudal filial piety of disregarding the lives of children, treating "meat and hemp as fun" and "slandering the ancients and teaching bad future generations."
3. The author mentioned in "Trivia" that one of the books he likes to read is "The Theory of Heavenly Speech".
4. In "Five Rampant Society", my father asked me to memorize the "Jian Luo", which made me feel painful.
5. Lu Xun's favorite thing to play in the Baicao Garden.
6. In the "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties", (Zilu Negative Rice), (Dun Ju Buried Er), (Old Dish Entertainment Relatives) and so on are the names of filial piety stories.
7. Lu Xun was studying medicine in Sendai when (3) something important happened.
8. "I" and many people like to watch (impermanence) in the "Sai Shen Society".
9. Lu Xun recounts in the "Trivia" that in order to "find a different type of people to go", he chose Nanjing (Jiangnan Water Teacher's School) without tuition fees.
10. "Good. Well, let's go!" And the phrase "looking for a different kind of people to go" comes from Lu Xun's ("Trivia").
11. In his essay "Trivia", Lu Xun used the term "(black smoke miasma)" to ridicule the foreign school.
12. Lu Xun wrote in the "Trivia" that as soon as he had free time, he would eat cakes, peanuts, and peppers as usual, and watch the "Heavenly Speech", showing Lu Xun's (strong desire to seek the truth).
13. In the article "Fan Ainong", the author recounts several (life fragments) of his contact with Fan Ainong after studying in Japan and returning to China.
14. "Mr. Fujino" recounts the author's study and life when he studied in Japan, recounts several fragments of his acquaintance, relationship with Anderson Fujino, and explains the important experiences in his life at Sendai Medical College (abandoning medicine and practicing literature).
15. In "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties", Lu Xun analyzed the filial piety stories such as "Lying on the Ice and Seeking Carp", "Lao Lai Yu Qin", and "Guo Ju Buried Er", revealing the hypocrisy and cruelty of feudal filial piety.
16. "Five Rampant Meetings" records the author's eagerness and excitement when he was a child looking forward to watching (the Yingshen Tournament), and exposes the suppression of children's nature by feudal education.
17. In "Mr. Fujino", Lu Xun deeply expressed his nostalgia for the upright and enthusiastic gentleman of Japan who has no national prejudice.
18. The author recalls that after reading this filial piety textbook, the author felt that "naturally there are also stories that can be imitated", such as "Zilu negative rice", "Huangxiang fan pillow", "Lu Ji Huai orange" and so on. The story of "crying bamboo shoots" is somewhat suspicious, and there is also the story of "lying on the ice and asking for carp", such as imitation, there is a fear for life.
19. In the text, the author uses "More than the beast of the flood, it is very large and very long-lasting, and it can turn all Of China into a hemp, and all children die in his belly." ", expressing Mr. Lu Xun's anger at "obstructing the vernacular".
20. Lu Xun first learned about "Huxley" and came into contact with the ideas of "natural selection", "Socrates" and others in the Mining Road Academy, an experience mentioned in the Trivia.
21. In "Chao Hua Xi Shi", Mr. Lu Xun said that his childhood life often appeared to recall the plots of the Ying Shen Tournament and watching dramas, such as "Impermanence" and "Five Rampant Meetings".
22. In the article "Trivia", Mr. Lu Xun described the difference between the new school and the old school.
23. In his essay "Impermanence", Lu Xun pointed out through the description of (impermanence) that "the just judgment is in hades" to satirize the "righteous gentleman" in society at that time.
24. On the east wall of Lu Xun's apartment, there has always been a picture of his teacher, Mr. Fujino
25. A friend that Lu Xun met when he was studying in Japan did not have any good feelings for each other at that time, but after returning to China, they had a close relationship, and this friend was Fan Ainong.
26. Lu Xun used the crowd to mock life, satirized the Yang world with hades, and said to "a righteous gentleman."
The article that was ridiculed and lashes out at was Impermanence.
27. Abandoning medicine and practicing literature was a decisive turning point in Lu Xun's life.
28."He sympathized with the wronged and punished the wicked, with compassion and justice, and was both lovely and terrible. This is the impermanence of the author's pen.
29 There is an upright, stubborn, patriotic intellectual, who has come to an end step by step in the darkness of society, and he is Fan Ainong.
30. When Mr. Lu Xun talked about his childhood life, there were often articles recalling the plots of the Yingshen Tournament and watching dramas, such as "Impermanence" and "Five Rampant Meetings".
31. The reason why Lu Xun abandoned medicine and practiced literature was the spirit of saving the people.
32. "Chao Hua Xi Shi" collects a total of 10 reminiscence essays, and those selected as texts are "From The Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei BookHouse" and "Mr. Fujino", please write another article entitled "A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing >", "Dog Cat And Mouse", "Fan Ainong", "Trivia", "Father's Disease".
33. "The Five Rampant Society" recounts a delicate conflict between father and son in the author's childhood: my ardent hope for the Five Rampant Society and my father's obstruction show my father's ignorance and diaphragm of children's psychology, and implicitly criticize the irrationality of feudal ideas and customs.
34. The following pair of links is written by international friend Snow in memory of Mr. Lu Xun, please complete the upper link. Ze shu has not yet succeeded, he is shocked to hear the meteor, and the Chinese people are shouting; Mr. Has become an ancient man, remembering the old rain bitterly, and the literary world has been wandering since then.
35. "Chao Hua Xi Shi" is Lu Xun's only collection of essays. The ten articles in the book are texts that Recall Different Life Experiences and Experiences of Childhood, Adolescence and Youth. We have studied "From The Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Bookhouse", "A Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas", "Mr. Fujino" and so on.
2. Multiple choice questions
1. In "Trivia", after Mrs. Yan told Lu Xun about the theft of jewelry, did she spread rumors: Yes
2. The "Chao Hua Xi Shi" recounts Lu Xun's journey to Nanjing to study in order to find "another kind of people" is "Trivia"
3. Mr. Lu Xun's place of origin is Shaoxing, Zhejiang
4. The "Hundred Grass Garden" in "From the Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Book House" is behind "My Family's"
5. The "Sanwei Bookhouse" in "From the Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Bookhouse" is where the author studied: the teenager
6. The "Sanwei Bookhouse" in "From The Hundred Grass Garden to the Sanwei Bookhouse" is: the name of the private school
7. Mr. Shou Jingwu was Lu Xun's teacher when he studied: Honjo Shushu
8. Mr. Fujino was Lu Xun's teacher when he studied: Sendai Medical College
9. Mr. Fujino's full name is: Fujino Yankuro
10. "Mr. Fujino" recalls the author's early life experience when studying medicine, and the location is not in (C) A, Japan B, Sendai C, Beijing D, Sendai Medical College
11. Where was it serialized before the publication of "Chao Hua Xi Shi" (朝花夕拾)
12. In addition to the "small introduction" and "afterword", how many articles are there in the main text of "Chao Hua Xi Shi": 10
13. The "small introduction" in front of the main text of "Chao Hua Xi Shi" is about the compilation process of "Chao Hua Xi Shi"
14. The "afterword" after the main text of "Chao Hua Xi Shi" is about the content related to the "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties"
15. "Dog, Cat, Mouse" is an argumentative essay
16. "Dog, Cat, Mouse" writes about the author's life experience: raising hidden rats
17. The "celebrities", "professors", "bigfoots", "predecessors with the responsibility of guiding young people" mentioned at the beginning of "Dog, Cat, and Mouse": a kind of person
18. The "A Chang" mentioned in "A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing >" is the author's family: the old mother
19. In the "> of A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing", it is mentioned that "my mother and many others" call "Ah Chang" the elder mother
20. It is mentioned in the "A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing >" that "my grandmother" called "A Chang" as A Chang
21. It is mentioned in the "A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing >" that "I" generally refer to "A Chang" as: A Ma
22. "A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing >" mentions that "when I hated her" called "Ah Chang" as: Ah Chang
23. It is mentioned in the "A Chang and < Shan Hai Jing >" that the title of "A Chang" reflects its human characteristics and follows its previous title for a female worker
3, Judgment
1. "Dog, Cat, Mouse" is triggered by an attack on "decent gentlemen", mocking the "rumors" they spread, expressing the hatred of dogs for "playing" with the weak and being a flattering look. （×）
2. "Trivia", "Mr. Fujino", and "Fan Ainong" are three works, which record the author's experience after leaving his hometown for Nanjing, Japan to study and return to China. （√）
3. The second doctor who sees his father in "Father's Disease" is Ye Tianshi. (×) Mr. Chen Lianhe
4. Lu Xun did not like "The Theory of Heavenly Speech" (×)
5. Mr. Fujino is a biased person (×)
6. Mr. Fujino is sincere and just; (√)
7. Mr. Fujino is tireless in his teaching of students and meticulous in his research; (√)
8. Mr. Fujino has a broad mind for scholarship that transcends national boundaries (√)
9. Mr. Fujino asked Lu Xun about the Foot Binding of Chinese women, which was contempt for Chinese. （×）
10. Fan Ainong is a very easy-going person; (×)
11. Fan Ainong often took a boat from the countryside to the city because he longed for urban life; (×)
12. Fan Ainong was very welcoming to the Xinhai Revolution; (√)
13. Fan Ainong has been valued and reused since returning from studying in Japan. （×）
14. The nickname "Stomachache" in "Trivia" is Mrs. Yan. (×) Mrs. Shen Si
15. Chen Lianhe is a character in "Trivia". (×) "Father's Disease"
16. "Impermanence" is a memory of the nanny Ah Chang. （×）
17. Lu Xun borrowed the article "Cats, Dogs, and Mice" to show why he hated cats so much. （×）
4. Short answer questions
1. What is Lu Xun's purpose in recalling Mr. Fujino?
A: Draw strength from Mr. Fujino's noble character to continue to fight against the "upright gentlemen".
2. Why does Lu Xun always remember Mr. Fujino?
Answer: "Of all the teachers I consider to be my teacher, he is the one that makes me most grateful and gives me encouragement." ”
3. What kind of person is Fan Ainong?
Answer: He was arrogant and arrogant by nature, fell into a widowhood, and finally fell into poverty and drowned.
4. Why did Lu Xun express doubts about whether Fan Ainong fell into the water or committed suicide by throwing himself into the water?
A: Lu Xun's suspicion of Fan Ainong's death is essentially Lu Xun's indictment of the dark social reality, exposing the incompleteness of the Xinhai Revolution.
5. "Chao Hua Xi Shi" is a collection of reminiscent (narrative) essays (genres) made by Mr. Lu Xun in 1962.
Answer: Long Mother, Mr. Fujino, Fan Ainong.
6. In Lu Xun's "Chao Hua Xi Shi", there is an article that writes "pets", do you know which one?
Answer: Dog, Cat, Mouse
7. Write the name of your favorite article in "Chao Hua Xi Shi" (two)
A: "Fujino Sensei", "Ingu, Cat, Rat"
8. The origin of the first picture book I received, "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties", was: a gift from an elder.
9. Why am I so happy and disappointed to get the Twenty-Four Filial Pieties? I am happy that there are fewer ghosts and more people (2) I am the only one who has it (3) the story seems to be accurate, (4) it is an illiterate person, such as Ah Chang, who can tell a story as long as he looks at the picture; the disappointment is that he knows that filial piety is so difficult, and he is completely desperate for the previous plan of wishful thinking and wanting to be a filial piety.
10. Why does the author resent the story of "Lao Lai Entertainment Pro"? What aroused his disgust was that Lao Lai "cheated" and cried as a baby to entertain his relatives, and the author believed that children were unwilling to cheat, in other words, they were unwilling to pretend, which violated the psychology of children.
11. "Father's Disease" repeatedly mentions the absurd behavior of quack doctors and misleading people, to give an example: for example, Chen Lianhe's medication requires "a pair of crickets" and "the original match, that is, the one who is in a trap".
12. The image of a woman who is deeply poisoned by feudal thought portrayed in "Chao Hua Xi Shi" is: Mrs. Ah Changyan.
13. In "Five Rampant Society", recalling the childhood past, implicitly expressing helplessness and boredom with parents who do not care about the child's psychology, this incident is: when the author happily planned to go to see the Five Rampant Society, he was suddenly stopped by his father and asked for his endorsement.
14. "Father's Illness" in "Chao Hua Xi Shi" recalls the scene of prolonging the healing of his father's illness as a child. What is the S City in the text? It refers to the city of Shaoxing.
15. In the case of the "Five Rampant Society", the father forced "me" to memorize the "Jian Luo", what kind of person can we see the father? The ignorance and estrangement of fathers to the child's psychology.
16. Why dogs and cats have become enemies? Answer: It is said that there is such a thing: the animals, because they want to discuss important matters, have a meeting, and the birds, fish, and beasts are gathered, but there is no elephant. It was agreed that a man would be sent to meet it, and the one who would cast the cast of the messenger would be the dog. "How did I find that elephant?" I hadn't seen it and didn't know it. "It asked." "That's easy," said the masses, "it's hunchbacked. The dog went, met a cat, and immediately arched its spine, and it entertained, accompanied, and introduced the cat with the bowed spine to everyone: "The elephant is here!" "But everyone laughed at it. Since then, dogs and cats have become enemies.
17. Which verse in the "Long Hate Song" is quoted in "Chao Hua Xi Shi"? Answer: "Trivia": "The upper poor blue fell into the Yellow Spring, and the two vast places were not seen." ”
18. Which stories in the "Twenty-Four Filial Pieties" are mentioned in the "Chao Hua Xi Shi"? Answer: Zilu negative rice, Huangxiang fan pillow (can be easily imitated), Lu Ji huai orange (not difficult), weeping bamboo shoots (just suspicious), lying on the ice to ask for carp (there is a risk of life), Lao Lai Yuqin, Guo Ju buried er (the most confusing to me, and even disgusted) seven articles. (The "Afterword" also includes Li E's tossing the furnace, Cao'e tossing the river to find her father's corpse, tasting dung and worrying)
19. What are the stories about cats in "Cats, Dogs, and Rats"? Answer: German fairy tale cats and dogs become enemies, Ellen Poe's short story "Black Cat", the story of the Japanese "cat woman", the story of the ancient Chinese "cat ghost" (from the "Biography of The Northern History of Du Guxin"), the story of the cat teaching tiger skills.
20. In "Cats, Dogs, and Mice", the two pieces of flower paper pasted at the head of the bed when the author was a child? Answer, "Eight Precepts", "Rats Become Relatives"
21. How did the author know the hidden mouse?
Answer: Once the author heard the sound of "rats counting money" in an empty room, pushed the door in, saw a snake lying on the beam, and saw a hidden mouse lying on the ground, bleeding from the corners of its mouth, but the two threats fell together. Taking it and lying in a paper box, the hidden rat woke up for most of the day, and gradually returned to the original, but did not escape. Thus the hidden rat became the author's playmate.
22. What is the end of the hidden mouse?
Answer: The hidden rat was about to climb up on the leg of the long mother, and she stomped on it to death.
23. What is the reason why the author hates cats?
Answer: The cat's temperament is different from that of other beasts of prey, and it always tortures its prey to eat it; it is a kind of lion and tiger, but it has a flattering attitude; it screams everywhere and upsets others; it thinks it has eaten its own cute hidden mouse; and it has hurt the children of the rabbit.
24. In the story of "long hair" told by the long mother, what does "long hair" mean?
Answer: Hong Xiu's whole army and all the bandits and robbers later.
25. What is the reason for the "special respect" for the eldest mother? When did it disappear?
A: Because she often told me stories of long hair, there was a certain situation that showed that she seemed to have "great divine powers", so there was "special respect". After knowing that it was the eldest mother who murdered her own hidden rat, this respect completely disappeared.
26. In "Ah Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas", what story does the "monster without a head and two breasts as eyes" refer to?
Answer: The Heavenly Dance is dry.
37. In the "A Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas", what does the "three-legged bird" refer to?
Answer: The three-legged Golden Wu, that is, the sun.
28. What does the elder mother mean by the "Three Humming Sutras"?
Answer: The Classic of Mountains and Seas.
29. Which sentence best reflects the author's deep sympathy and nostalgia for the eldest mother?
Answer: "Oh, the benevolent and dark Mother Earth, her soul will always be in your arms!" ”
30. What is the "strange ritual of New Year's Day" taught me by my elder mother?
A: When I open my eyes in the morning, the first words I will say: "Auntie, congratulations!" "After saying that, I also want to eat a little lucky orange (all year round, smooth and slippery).
31. What is the purpose of writing impermanence in Impermanence?
Answer: It shows that there is no notarization in the human world, and the just judgment is in the underworld, expressing strong dissatisfaction with the dark society at that time and the pungent ridicule of the upright gentlemen and gentlemen under the banner of "fairness" and "justice".
32. What is the study life in the Sanwei Bookstore?
A: Read, learn words at noon, and have classes in the evening.
33. What are the games of Sanwei Bookstore?
Answer: Climb up the flower bed to fold plum blossoms, look for cicadas on the ground or on osmanthus trees, catch flies to feed ants, play with paper paste armor on nails, and draw pictures (use "Jingchuan paper" to depict embroidery. ）
34. What are the drug quotations mentioned in the prescription text used by the "famous doctor" Chen Lianhe?
Answer: The original is equipped with a pair of crickets, ten flat wood trees, and a drum skin pill.
35. What are the things mentioned in the book about Mrs. Yan?
Answer: When my father was dying, I was encouraged to call on my father; I encouraged the children to eat ice; I encouraged the children to spin; I encouraged the children to read obscene books; I was encouraged to steal my mother's jewelry and spread rumors.
36. What was the author's biggest conflict with Van Ainong in Tokyo?
Answer: After Fan Ainong's teacher Xu Xilin was killed for assassinating Anhui Governor Enming, Fan Ainong, because he was prejudiced against Lu Xun, deliberately opposed Lu Xun's proposal to "send a telegram to Beijing to denounce the inhumanity of the Manchu government.", and after giving in to the pressure of the crowd, he deliberately drafted a telegram against Lu Xun's request for a person who advocated power generation. Lu Xun advocated that "this tragic article must be written by people who know the life of the martyr well" and asked Fan Ainong to write it, and the two clashed as a result.
37. Lu Xun himself said that the writing method of "Fan Ainong" is poor, is it not poor? What's the difference?
A: Mr. Lu Xun himself believes that the writing of "Fan Ainong" is relatively poor, which is reasonable. This one is too much fiction and a little loosely structured, so he himself is not very satisfied.
38"In the midst of a hundred silences, it seems that many iron tongs are stretched out of my head to catch the stream of "born in the wilderness"; I also hear the sound of my urgent recitation trembling, as if crickets in late autumn are chirping in the night. Which article did this sentence come from? What kind of mood did the author feel at that time? What kind of themes does this article reveal?
Answer: From "The Five Rampant Meetings", it describes the eagerness and excitement of watching the Yingshen Tournament as a child, and the unhappy and painful feelings of being forced by my father to recite the "Jian Luo". It is pointed out that compulsory feudal education suppresses and destroys children's nature.
39. How does "I" usually call the nanny mother? When did you call her "Ah Chang"? Sometimes "I" why "I really don't admire her"? Why did "a moment" and "I" have "an unprecedented respect" for her, and even "have a special respect" for her?
Answer: "I" usually call the nanny's mother "Auntie". Calling her "Ah Chang" is "when I hate her", which is not a polite title, and usually only the eldest grandmother of the elderly calls her that way.
The reason for "really not admiring her" is that she "likes to cut through and whisper something to people"; she does not allow "me" to move around, and threatens her with complaints; she sleeps badly and occupies too many places; she is full of troublesome etiquette, and so on.
"There was an unprecedented respect for her" because she used to tell "long-haired" stories to "me", and in some cases it seemed that she seemed to have "great divine powers", so she "had a special respect". Later, because she got "I" a drawing of the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", which was "something that others refused to do or could not do, she was able to do successfully", and "I" had a "new respect" for her.
5. Paragraphs
(1) Read the fragment of the "Five Rampant Meetings" and answer questions.
(1) Because Dongguan is far from the city, everyone gets up early in the morning. The big boat with three bright tile windows booked last night has been moored at the head of the river port, and the boat chairs, meals, samovars, and snack boxes are all moving down one after another. I laughed and jumped, urging them to move faster. Suddenly, the worker's face was very solemn, I knew something strange, and when I looked around, my father was standing behind me.
(2) "Go get your book." He said slowly.
(3) This so-called "book" refers to the "Commentary" that I read when I was enlightened, because I have no second book. The number of years we attended school there was more than an odd number, so it reminded me that I was seven years old.
(4) I was nervous and took the book and came. He made me sit at the table in the center of the hall and taught me to read it sentence by sentence. I read it sentence by sentence with my heart in my heart.
(5) Two sentences and one line, about twenty or thirty lines, he said:
(6) "Read it to me." If you can't memorize it, you are not allowed to go to the tournament. ”
(7) When he had finished speaking, he stood up and went into the room.
(8) I seem to have poured a basin of cold water over my head. But what's the solution? Nature is to read, to read, to remember,—— and to memorize it.
Guangdong from Pangu, born in Taihuang, the first out of the royal world, Zhaokai chaos.
(9) It is such a book, I now only remember the first four sentences, and everything else has been forgotten, and the twenty or thirty lines that were forced to be memorized at that time are naturally forgotten in it. I remember hearing at that time that reading the "JianLuo" was much more useful than reading the "Thousand Character Text" and "Hundred Family Names", because you could know the general situation from ancient times to the present. Of course, it is good to know about the past to the present, but I don't understand a word. "Guangdong from Pangu" is "Guangdong from Pangu", read on, remember it, "Cantonese from Pangu" Oh! "Born in too much wilderness" Oh! ......
(10) The applied objects have been moved, and the home has changed from busy to quiet. The morning sun shines on the western wall, and the weather is very clear. Mothers, workers, and elders, that is, A-chiefs, could not be rescued, but silently waited for me to read and recite them. In the midst of the silence, it seemed that I had to stretch out many iron tongs in my head to catch the stream of "born in the wilderness"; I also heard the sound of my urgent recitation trembling, as if the crickets of late autumn were chirping in the night.
(11) They all waited; the sun rose higher.
1. Please summarize the main ideological content of the Five Rampant Society.
Answer: The Five Rampant Society records the eagerness and excitement of watching the God Match as a child, and the unpleasant and painful feeling of being forced by my father to recite the "Jian Luo". Pointing out the harm of compulsory feudal education to children, he criticized the irrationality of feudal ideas and customs.
2. The busy scene of the family preparing for the five rampant meetings at the beginning of the selected essay is in stark contrast with the ending part of "The family has changed from busy to quiet", what is the role of this writing?
A: It flatters the painful feelings that my father asked me to endorse, and highlights the theme of the article.
3. What kind of person can we see from the selected essays that my father is?
A: The father was an authoritarian feudal patriarch who did not understand the psychology of children.
4. How do you feel after reading it?
A: Parents should understand the psychology of their children, pay attention to cultivating their children's interest in learning, compulsory learning is not the expected effect ... Similarly.
(2) Read the following paragraph and answer the questions
In fact, the distinction between people and birds does not have to be so strict. In the animal kingdom, although it is not as comfortable and free as the ancients imagined, Lu Su always does less than the human world. They are willful, right is right, wrong is wrong, and they do not say a word of argument. Maggots may not be clean, but they are not pretentious; the birds and beasts of prey use weaker animals as bait, which may be said to be ferocious, but they have never erected the banner of "axiom" and "justice", so that the victims will continue to admire and admire them until they are eaten. As for people, if they can stand upright, they are naturally a big progress; if they can speak, nature is a big progress; and if they can write and write, they are naturally a big progress. But it also fell, because then the empty talk also began. It is not impossible to say empty words, and even if you don't know how to say theory against your heart, then for animals that can only howl, it is really inevitable to be "thick-faced and shy". If there really is a Creator who treats all equals, who is high above, then, for these little wisdoms of human beings, perhaps they think that there are many things, just as we see monkeys in the Garden of All Lives, seeing monkeys somersaults, and mother elephants please be safe, although often smiling, but at the same time feel uncomfortable, and even feel sad, thinking that these superfluous wisdom is not as good as nothing. However, even if we are human beings, we can only "fight with the party and fight against differences", learn people's speech, talk with the customs,—— argue and argue.
(1) The text of the paragraph is selected from "Cat, Dog, Mouse". "Dogs, Cats and Mice" is selected from "Picking Up Flowers and Nights". "Chao Hua Xi Shi" is Lu Xun's essay describing his childhood life, a total of ten pieces.
(2) What is the purpose of the author to write "worms and maggots, birds and beasts" in the text?
Answer: The purpose is to expose the hypocritical and ugly souls of the "righteous gentlemen" in broad daylight in contrast to the "maggots and dove beasts".
(3) What kind of thoughts and feelings does this text express the author?
A: The author's bitter mockery of the "upright gentlemen" shows the author's strong indignation.