Hello everyone I am a wisdom bag. Today I introduce the flowers for you is "melon leaf chrysanthemum", melon leaf chrysanthemum, also known as rich chrysanthemum, cucumber flower, etc., for the Asteraceae melon leaf chrysanthemum genus perennial herb, often cultivated for 1 to 2 years, melon leaf chrysanthemum is divided into high and dwarf species, bright flowers, can be used as a flower bed planting or potted decoration in the garden corridor aisle, giving people a fresh and pleasant feeling. The ornamental value of melon leaf chrysanthemum is relatively high, and there are many varieties and bright flowers, which is one of the more popular flowers and plants in autumn and winter. And if you want to breed it is not a simple thing, you need to pay attention to many things, the following I will introduce the cultivation method of melon leaf chrysanthemum for everyone, I hope to be helpful to the people who cultivate melon leaf chrysanthemum.
The growth habit of chrysanthemum
Melon leaf chrysanthemum likes warm, humid and well-ventilated environment, not resistant to high temperature, afraid of frost, generally cultivated in a low-temperature greenhouse, the temperature is not less than 5 ° C at night, but the seedlings can also withstand a low temperature of 1 ° C, no more than 20 ° C during the day, 10 ~ 15 ° C is the most appropriate. Room temperature is too high and easy to grow, resulting in internodal elongation and lack of commodity value. The temperature is too low, affecting plant growth and small flower development. Melon leaf chrysanthemum is a photophilic plant, full of sunlight, thick and dark leaves, bright flower color, but excessive sunlight, will also cause the leaves to curl, lack of vitality. Because the leaves of the melon leaf are large and thin, it is necessary to maintain sufficient moisture, but not too wet, so that the leaves do not wither.
Cultivation conditions of melon leaf chrysanthemum
1, potting soil selection: the best pot for cultivating melon leaf chrysanthemum is to choose a clay pot of moderate size and good air permeability, and add sand loam soil, wood chips and cake fertilizer to the pot in the ratio of 6:3:1 to make nutrient soil. When potting, it is necessary to cut all the side buds of the melon leaf chrysanthemum, which can reduce the loss of nutrients, promote its root growth, and improve the survival rate.
2, light temperature conditions: the appropriate light and temperature is the basic requirements for the cultivation of melon leaf chrysanthemum, melon leaf chrysanthemum is a light-loving plant, during the pregnancy bud period of the daily light time should not be less than 3 hours, so that its leaf color is rich and the flower color is bright. However, because it likes temperature but is not resistant to high temperature, it is best to control the temperature at 10-15 degrees, not less than 5 degrees or 25 degrees, otherwise it is not conducive to its flower bud differentiation.
3, watering: melon leaf chrysanthemum likes to grow in a humid environment, but the growth environment can not be too humid, otherwise there will be rotten root phenomenon, because the leaves of the plant are hypertrophied, so it is best to keep the pot soil moist during the growth period, but also need to often spray water to the foliar surface to moisturize. Usually watering to keep dry and not watering, watering the principle of watering through, winter when the temperature is low, reduce watering.
4, fertilization: in the growth period generally every 7-10 days to apply a thin cake fertilizer water or compound fertilizer, if the two alternate use of the effect is better, after colonization can be applied every two weeks to decompose the fertilizer, mainly to decomposed bean cake, but also add water to dilute, so as to avoid thick fertilizer damage to the roots, in the budding period can be applied phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1-2 times, no nitrogen fertilizer.
The farming value of melon leaf chrysanthemum
1, decorative role: melon leaf chrysanthemum for greenhouse flowers, potted plants as indoor furniture, its flowering period is early, in the cold winter flowering is particularly precious, the flower color is rich and bright, especially blue flowers, shining velvety luster, elegant and moving. The flowers are neat and plump, can be furnished on a few low shelves indoors, and can also be arranged in a pattern of multiple pots in rows to arrange the inner courtyard of the hotel or the venue and the forecourt of the theater, and the flowers are blooming and joyful.
2, ornamental value: melon leaves chrysanthemum color, the main varieties are European "red flowers", African "pink flowers", Mediterranean "red mosaic spots" and so on. Melon leaf chrysanthemum is one of the main ornamental potted flowers during the New Year's Day and Spring Festival. Melon leaf chrysanthemum heterophyllum pollinates, so there are more horticultural varieties.
Propagation method of chrysanthemum
1. Sowing method: The sowing of melon leaf chrysanthemum is generally carried out in late July, from sowing to flowering for about half a year. The sowing time can also be determined according to the time required, such as New Year's Day flowers can choose to sow in mid-to-late June. Flower buds can occur early when the sun is long, but the stem is slender and the plant is small, which affects the overall ornamental effect. Early sowing will cause the plants to flourish and have large flowers, so the sowing period should not be postponed until after August.
2, cuttings: melon leaf chrysanthemum heavy petal varieties are not easy to bear, can be used cuttings, usually in January to June cut root buds or after flowering axillary buds as cuttings in the sand, about 20 to 30 days can take root, breeding 5 to 6 months can flower, can also use the root buds to propagate in separate plants.
Pest control of melon leaf chrysanthemum
1, red spider: [harm] the harm of red spider to melon leaf chrysanthemum began in March, when the greenhouse temperature is dry. Female adults after wintering begin to feed and lay eggs at this time, and they usually pest around the main vein on the back of the leaf. The small white dots that are greenish at first visible on the front of the affected leaf gradually turn red, and a silk mesh appears on the back of the leaf, and the damaged leaf will eventually fall off.
【Prevention】The earliest prevention should be in the winter, to ensure that the surrounding environment of the melon leaf chrysanthemum is clean, timely remove weeds and leaves, check the pot soil, and eliminate the source of overwintering insects. In the stage of insect infestation, if the melon leaf chrysanthemum has not yet budded, it can be sprayed with 2000 times 40% dicofol emulsion or 40% oxidized Fruit 1000 times liquid every 7 days, a total of 2 to 3 sprays, the effect is better. If the chrysanthemum has budded and flowered, in order to avoid flower sensitivity, try not to spray pesticides. Foliar spray water can be used to rinse or use chewing gum to stick to insects, or some natural plants such as garlic, green onions, peppercorns and other leaching solutions after several days of mashing blisters with an appropriate amount of neutral laundry detergent spray.
2. Aphids: [Hazards] Aphids are small in body, multiplying, and mostly clustered on the leaf back and young stem of the melon leaf chrysanthemum to absorb sap as a pest. The damaged leaves turn yellow and curl and shrink toward the back. In general, years when the winter is warm, the spring warms up early, and the rain is even, it begins to be harmful in March.
【Control】Since aphids will overwinter on the melon leaf chrysanthemum with eggs, after examining the plant in winter, the plant is sprayed with a 5-degree stone sulfur compound of Baume in combination to eliminate the overwintering eggs. Spray 40% oxidized Fruit 1200 to 2000 times or 40% acetyl methylamine phosphorus 1000 times liquid during the aphid infestation period. In order to avoid the harm of flowering, plant agents such as 3% natural pyrethroids, 25% fish vine extract, 40% niacin sulfate can also be diluted to 1000 to 1500 times liquid.
3. Poisonous moths: [Harm] The harm of poisonous moths to melon leaf chrysanthemums is mainly larvae, often called poisonous caterpillars. The first-infancy larvae are infested, nibbling on the flesh of the leaves, leaving the epidermis, which resembles a skylight. Slightly larger poisonous caterpillars disperse the pests, biting the leaves into missing and porous holes. The entire plant begins to suffer from the larger lower leaves. The pest started in April, when the temperature in the greenhouse was stable at about 20 °C.
【Prevention】If drug prevention and control is taken, it can be sprayed with 50% borer thiophos or 50% octyl thiophos 1000 times liquid. However, at this time, the melon leaf chrysanthemum is usually in the flowering stage, and only artificial hunting is more secure. It is worth noting that poisonous caterpillars are poisonous to human skin and can cause dermatitis, so gloves must be worn and caught with forceps to prevent it.
4. Powdery mildew: [Harm] Melon leaf chrysanthemum is most susceptible to powdery mildew, which belongs to a widely spread fungal disease. White adhesive appears on the front of the infected leaf, and it is curled and deformed, and it dies early and falls early.
【Prevention】The simplest prevention method is to ensure sufficient light and timely ventilation. If the disease has already occurred, it is necessary to use 1000 times the 70% methyl tolbuzin liquid or 50% daisen ammonium solution diluted 2000 times, or 25% rust rather wettable powder 2000 times liquid spray to control the disease. At the same time, the diseased leaves are sheared and destroyed, and the diseased plants are separated from the healthy plants, so as not to infect each other and aggravate the spread of the disease.
5, root rot and stem rot: [harm] In winter, the water in the melon leaf chrysanthemum soil is often not easy to dry, poor drainage coupled with insufficient indoor light, excessive humid air and other undesirable factors, will cause root rot and stem rot. It is manifested by blackening and rotting of roots and stems.
【Prevention】First of all, pay attention to ventilation and humidification after watering, and increase light. Secondly, the newly ill melon leaf chrysanthemum, cut off the diseased part, apply sulfur powder, and replace it with loose cultivation soil to replant.
6. Verticillium wilt: [Harm] Verticillium wilt is mainly caused by viral pathogens. The victim plants are very tillering, the inflorescence is suppressed, the flower color becomes green, the development is not normal, and occasionally the flower growth phenomenon. Viruses are generally transmitted by leafhoppers.
【Control】During the growth period, potassium fertilizer can be appropriately increased to enhance the disease resistance of the plant and reduce the chance of virus infection. Spraying an aqueous 0.5% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection can play a preventive role. If a plant is found to be infected with a virus, the diseased plant should be immediately removed and burned to prevent spread.
The flower language of the melon leaf chrysanthemum
Melon leaf chrysanthemum represents happiness, happiness and prosperity, but the different colors of melon leaf chrysanthemum represent different flower language. For example, the white melon leaf chrysanthemum represents elegance, while the purple melon leaf chrysanthemum represents the confusion, and the red melon leaf chrysanthemum represents the celebration and enthusiasm.
Small recommendations
In the cold winter of January is the budding period of melon leaf chrysanthemum, when the daytime temperature should be controlled within 20 degrees, which is also a critical period for melon leaf chrysanthemum, so it is necessary to increase fertilizer water management. Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied to the pot to provide nutrients, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves, which can also maintain nutrients for the plant and promote flowering!
The above is the introduction of melon leaf chrysanthemum, I hope to help you. Well, I'll talk about it today, if you like it, please click to follow, bookmark or forward! Feel free to leave a comment below.