In the history of China's War of Resistance Against Japan, the Eighth Route Army, one of the anti-Japanese armed forces directly led by the Communist Party of China, was the mainstay of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
However, few people know that the title of the Eighth Route Army actually existed only between August 25, 1937 and September 11, 1937, and was later renamed the Eighteenth Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
It was only the vast number of commanders and fighters and the masses of the people who habitually called it the Eighth Route Army that they continued to use it.
The Eighth Route Army united the people behind enemy lines and created a large number of anti-Japanese base areas, which became the salvation of the masses and the nightmare of the Japanese and the hypocrites.
For the independence of the motherland and the liberation of the people, even in the forefront and most dangerous places of the Japanese and puppet armies, there are activities of the Eighth Route Army.
The Chengpingning Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Base Area is a place that penetrates deep into the Japanese and pseudo-Japanese frontiers, and is known as the northernmost anti-Japanese steel knife in the Jirebian Anti-Japanese Base Area.
Under the extremely severe situation of struggle, the Eighth Route Army fought with the Japanese and the Japanese, and a number of heroes who could sing and weep emerged.
Among them, the anti-Japanese deeds of Gaoqiao, one of the main founders of the Chengpingning base area and a heroic martyr of the national anti-Japanese resistance, have been widely circulated.
The story of his troops snatching food from the mouth of the Japanese when he was under siege and tired and hungry is legendary.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > abandoned the text and joined the anti-Japanese resistance</h1>
Gao Qiao, formerly known as Gao Minghai, was born in 1916 in Mishan County, Jilin Province. On September 18, 1931, the Japanese launched the "September 18" incident in Shenyang, and quickly invaded and occupied the three eastern provinces, and the northeast fell.
Takahashi, 15, went into exile with his family in Kannai. Seeing the crisis of the country, Takahashi made a wish to resist the japanese and was admitted to the Luoyang Branch of the Whampoa Military Academy.
After graduation, he was not accustomed to the Kuomintang's policy of non-resistance to Japan and was disappointed in the Kuomintang army and government.
At the beginning of 1938, Li Chu of the Hebei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China went to Jidong to inspect the work. Takahashi was introduced to him by people, and because they both had the heart to save the country, the two talked about national affairs all night.
Takahashi was impressed by the Communist Party's determination to resist Japan and save the country, and has since decided to join the Communist Party. Through numerous contacts with underground party members, Takahashi was accepted as a member of the Communist Party. Embark on the road of resisting Japan and saving the country.
After the Japanese occupation of the northeast, they pushed forward to Jidong, which was rich in agriculture, rich in minerals, and convenient transportation, and the people of Jidong were devastated.
In the summer of 1938, the local organization of the Communist Party of China in Jidong decided to launch the Jidong Uprising, with Li Yunchang and Hu Xikui of the Jirebian Special Regional Committee of the CPC as the main responsible persons, mobilizing more than 200,000 peasants and Kailuan coal miners in 22 counties in eastern Hebei to hold a great anti-Japanese uprising.
After Li Chuli's introduction, Gaoqiao went to the North FlintStone Camp in Fengrun County and found Comrade Li Yunchang and asked to participate in the riot. It was reused by Li Yunchang and made him a combat staff officer in the anti-Japanese coalition command.
During this period, Takahashi repeatedly fought against the Japanese and demonstrated his military command ability. In the summer of 1939, the rebel forces in the eastern Hebei region were reorganized into the Eighth Route Army, and Takahashi was appointed captain of the 14th Column.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > fought hard in the east and opened up the battlefield</h1>
In 1941, in accordance with the development of the anti-Japanese situation, the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region decided to open up anti-Japanese base areas in the Chengde, Pingquan, and Ningcheng areas south of the Rehe River. The Chengpingning base area is outside the Great Wall and is the northernmost prominent area of the Rehe River.
This region connects the northeast with north China, is the throat of Rehe and Jidong, is in the heart of Rehe Province, and is completely within the territory of puppet Manchukuo.
Due to its geographical importance, it is regarded as an important strategic defensive area by the Japanese and the Japanese and the Japanese, and is under the absolute control of the Japanese and the Pseudo. The situation in the struggle against the enemy here is grim.
From March to September 1941, with a force of 60,000 troops, the Japanese carried out two "public security strengthening campaigns" in Jidong, and the troops in Jidong suffered serious losses.
Therefore, the central government decided to withdraw the main force in the region after the autumn, leaving only a small part of the team to cooperate with the local armed forces and continue to fight guerrilla warfare with the Japanese and puppets. In extremely difficult circumstances, Takahashi was ordered to stay.
The Japanese and puppet authorities were heavily guarded, and the Eighth Route Army's ammunition supply was extremely difficult. Takahashi led a team of about 200 people in an uphill battle against the Japanese.
Successfully opened up large areas of anti-Japanese guerrilla areas north of Zunhua, Foye Ridge, and west of The Tomb of King Shouwang. It will lay an important foundation for the construction of the Chengpingning base area.
From March to September 1942, the Japanese and The Japanese carried out two more "public security strengthening campaigns" in the Jidong base area.
It carried out an unprecedented and cruel "sweeping", and implemented the policy of "trenches and fortresses" and used the tactic of "clearing and suppressing and eliminating" to frantically destroy the base areas behind enemy lines.
Takahashi's troops struggled to survive in desperate situations, often starving, running out of ammunition, and facing enemies who were several times better equipped with themselves and better armed.
However, the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army never flinched, and Takahashi also used his wisdom to lead the troops out of danger again and again, and opened up hidden guerrilla areas with the cooperation of the masses of the people.
Finally, at the end of 1942, the Eighth Route Army that remained in the base area cooperated with the retreating Eighth Route Army and launched the Battle of Renan, which laid down more than fifty Japanese and puppet institutions and strongholds within five days.
Takahashi led his troops and the main force to open up a new situation in the Chengpingning area, turning the previously hidden guerrilla area into an open anti-Japanese base area.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > break through the hill and feed the enemy</h1>
After the Battle of Renan, the main force of the Eighth Route Army returned, leaving Gaoqiao and Yan Hanchen each leading a company to continue their activities in the Chengping Ninh area.
In early 1943, the main force led by Takahashi and the first expeditionary task force of Zhou Zhiguo converged in Chengde County.
To this end, the troops got some soba noodles and beef and mutton, ready to celebrate the victory of the Battle of Renan and improve the lives of the soldiers who had been hungry for a long time during the Spring Festival.
Chinese New Year's Eve evening, The camp of Takahashi's troops in Chengde County was preparing to make dumplings for the New Year. However, they suddenly received information that the Japanese and the japanese were encircling the troop garrison from the southeast and northeast mountains of the big camp.
Originally, the Japanese puppet army that had been defeated in the Battle of Renan was not willing to be defeated, and turned around and transferred 9 Manchurian brigades, 1 armored brigade, 2 cavalry brigades, and 27 crusading brigades from puppet Manchuria to prepare for a crazy counterattack on the Chengpingning base area.
Because the Eighth Route Army did not have enough grasp of the enemy's situation and the reconnaissance work failed, the guerrilla areas had been divided.
Takahashi's troops numbered less than 300, while the Japanese and puppet troops were dozens of times larger than his, well-equipped and well-equipped.
They must have an uphill battle with the enemy. In a hurry, everyone did not have time to eat dumplings, and then decided to break through.
Because the nearby Bald Mountain is relatively gentle, the peak is mostly stone rock, and the lack of dense forests is convenient for observing the enemy situation, Takahashi decided to lead his troops to break through here.
The winter in Chengde is cold and bone-chilling, but unfortunately, it also snows like goose feathers at night, and what is more difficult is that it is fiercely windy. Takahashi's troops were unable to discern the direction of the road in a windy and snowy environment and in the darkness.
Takahashi led his troops to walk fifteen or six kilometers at night, found that no enemy followed, thought they had rushed out of the encirclement, and ordered cooking and repairing.
However, before the meal was ready, he was caught up. In desperation, everyone can only continue to move forward hungry.
Before reaching the bald head, the Japanese used their overwhelming numerical superiority to send more than a dozen squads to search and encircle Takahashi's troops.
The warriors fought and walked, especially after dawn, and the situation was even more difficult, and there was no time for a break along the way.
Since the Chinese New Year's Eve night by the Japanese raids, the troops led by Takahashi have been rounded up for a day and a night. Takahashi used his knowledge of the local terrain and the tactical advantages of long-term guerrilla warfare to finally lead his troops to temporarily get rid of the pursuit.
Seeing that the enemy did not follow, the warriors were exhausted and in urgent need of rest to replenish their strength. So Takahashi decided to ask the troops to stop in a village not far away and get some food to eat.
The warriors lifted their spirits and quietly marched forward. When I approached the entrance of the village, I saw the smoke of the village cooking rise, the smell of food wafting in the wind, and the cold and hungry warriors suddenly had a spirit.
When the soldiers came forward to investigate, they found that it was a Japanese pseudo-squad of more than a dozen people cooking here.
In view of the fact that the whereabouts of Takahashi's troops were not discovered by the Japanese, and the number was small, Takahashi decided to sneak up on them and ordered the fighters to throw several grenades. The Japanese detachment fled in a panic, leaving behind the freshly prepared meal.
Seeing that the Japanese and the japanese had escaped, Takahashi decided to let the warriors eat a hot meal before continuing to retreat.
The fleeing Japanese will certainly bring reinforcements soon, and the explosions here may also attract nearby Japanese, so there is not much time left for them to eat. The warriors had to gobble up in the snow.
Sure enough, before the soldiers could finish eating, nichiren pounced on them again, and the number was several times higher than that of Takahashi's troops. However, the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army, who had just filled their stomachs, had a high morale, reacted quickly, and successfully broke through again.
After all the hardships, after nightfall, Takahashi and his troops successfully escaped the enemy army and reached Bald Mountain.
The bald mountain is freezing cold and dripping into ice. The warriors' hands, feet, and ears were so cold that they lost consciousness and would be broken when they touched.
Someone accidentally fell, and he broke his finger, and it was so cold that even blood would not flow, which was extremely difficult.
But the warriors heard the sound of firecrackers from the villagers at the bottom of the mountain, and they became optimistic again.
Someone said, "Don't look at the fact that we didn't set off firecrackers for the New Year, but we have drawn the enemy to the Bald Mountain and let the people have a stable year, just like our New Year." ”
In the harsh environment, the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army still helped each other and loved each other, and a pair of gloves was also worn in turn. Fifteen or sixteen-year-old young warriors have frozen feet and still insist on walking on their own, not causing trouble to their teammates.
Although the Japanese and puppet armies were numerous, they were afraid that the night was dark and cold, and it was easy to get lost, so they only set up a circle under the Bald Mountain. This gave Takahashi's troops a chance to breathe and find a way out.
Before dawn the next day, Takahashi sent people to investigate the enemy ambush, and found that only a trench more than 500 meters wide in the northwest direction was not guarded by the enemy, so he ordered his troops to break through from here at dawn.
After successfully descending the mountain, the troops moved to a small camp in Wafanggou in the northernmost part of Chengde County to rest.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > bravely fighting the sun and attacking Ningcheng</h1>
In May 1943, the Jidong Military Subdistrict reorganized the anti-Japanese guerrilla forces behind enemy lines into a district brigade, and Takahashi was appointed as the leader of the 3rd district, with about 300 people under its jurisdiction, belonging to the main force of the Eighth Route Army, and was a special combat team.
Activities in Yongdeok, Pingquan, Ningcheng and other places.
In contrast, there were 2 brigades in the Chengping Ninh area, plus crusading teams and police, a total of more than 8,000 people, more than 20 times that of the anti-Japanese armed forces, and the disparity in strength was huge, and the 3rd District team was often under siege by the enemy.
Takahashi, a third-district team, led the troops, organized the participation of the people, and brought into full play the advantages of guerrilla warfare.
With the aim of attacking and harassing the enemy, it was reduced to pieces, and often raids were taken to destroy the Japanese and puppet institutions, kill the Japanese and puppet personnel, and seize their weapons and ammunition for their own use.
The Japanese found that although the number of troops of the Eighth Route Army was small, they were flexible and mobile, and they had the support of the masses, which made it difficult to deal with. So he tried his best to cut off the Eighth Route Army from the masses.
The policy of "gathering families and merging villages" was implemented for the masses in the base areas, and the policy of killing, burning, and robbing the people of the whole world was implemented, thus creating a "no-man's land" for thousands of miles.
Under the severe situation, in March 1944, the Jirebian Special Committee decided to withdraw the main force of the Jidong Prefectural Committee to Guannei, and the leader of the third district team, Takahashi, led a platoon around Ningcheng to contain the enemy.
Ningcheng was an important stronghold of the Japanese and puppets, and in order to obtain supplies, Takahashi decided to lead his troops to attack Ningcheng.
At that time, Takahashi led his troops into Laoxigou, which reached Ningcheng County, and the mountain road was fifty miles.
It only takes one night to arrive, and there are temples around the city where troops can lurk. The district team headquarters is located in the home of Wang Chen on the hillside, and Takahashi is in the house to study the affairs of The City of Nanning.
Wang Guilan of the Eighth Route Army, a village woman in the local development village, had already gone to inquire about the news in advance, and learned that the Ningcheng Police Station had 63 police officers, 70 rifles, and the station was more than 100 miles apart, and could not support each other in wartime.
Takahashi said that as long as the telephone line is cut off after entering the city, it can close the door and fight the dog.
He also said that in the history of Ningcheng, there is a story of "the King of Yan cheating into Daning City", indicating that "it is necessary to absorb the experience of the ancients and take it as wisely as possible, so as to reduce casualties, shorten the battle time, save bullets, and outwit in case it fails, and then carry out a strong attack." ”
After dark, Takahashi led the whole army to set off, and quietly surrounded Ningcheng before dawn.
Before the operation, Takahashi issued an order to the companies: "Only the county office, the county police station, and the big man number, and must not harass people's houses, and must not rob small traders and vendors."
In order to cooperate with the outside, Takahashi first sent more than a dozen subordinates disguised as pickers to sneak into the city. Large troops lurked in four temples.
Takahashi led investigator Wang Guangsheng from the back wall into the police station and into the house of Sheriff Qi Zizhen.
Takahashi pointed a gun at him and said, "Ningcheng has been surrounded by our Eighth Route Army!" Gather your team together and say that the new Japanese counselor is going to lecture. ”
Qi Zizhen had to hurry up and assemble the Ningcheng police force. Takahashi wore a Japanese military uniform and spoke Japanese, pretending in front of the police that a Japanese officer was not in violation.
Wang Guangsheng pretended to translate for him: "I conveyed a telegram order from Commander Kishitani: 'Order all the ningcheng police station to run with guns and rush to the Wangye Mansion, where they are surrounded by the eighth route army and the third district team, and reinforcements must be made at a rapid pace, and there must be no mistakes.' ’”
The police immediately turned to the Wangye Mansion. The Eighth Route Army, hiding in the temple, took advantage of the void and occupied the Big Man, the bank, the pseudo-combination, the gunpowder storehouse, and obtained a large number of cloth, grain, medicine and other items.
Takahashi distributed these things to the common people, leaving only a small part as a subsistence for the troops.
When the police ran to the Wangye Mansion, they found that it was a scam, and when the two teams rushed back to Ningcheng County, they found that the Gaoqiao troops had long since withdrawn and had nowhere to pursue.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > spilled blood on The Pennines</h1>
Because Takahashi's troops attacked the police station everywhere in the base area and snatched supplies, the Japanese and puppet authorities gritted their teeth at him. Therefore, the Japanese and angry, mobilized more than 10,000 puppet military and police officers to carry out a brutal sweep of Takahashi's troops, and were bound to eliminate this Eighth Route Army and strip Takahashi himself alive.
Seeing that the enemy's offensive was becoming more and more severe, if it did not disperse the breakthrough, it was afraid that everyone would die sooner or later, so Takahashi decided to break it into pieces and disperse the guerrillas.
He divided the three-zone detachment into 3 small units, and he led 1 platoon to continue the struggle in the central area of the guerrilla to attract the attention of the enemy, while the other two teams scattered and mixed out of the encirclement.
Soon after, during a pursuit, the Japanese captured a person escorting the scouts and obtained the whereabouts of Takahashi's troops from him.
Soon, a pseudo-military and police "crusade" team of 800 or 900 people tracked down the village of Laoxigou in the west of Ningcheng, where the small troops of Gaoqiao were camped.
In the face of the enemy's heavy encirclement, he knew that this breakthrough was more fierce and less auspicious. Regardless of his own safety, Takahashi insisted on staying behind and covering the transfer of the warriors. During the transfer, he did not forget to burn the documents on his body and carry the wounded comrades on his back.
Eventually outnumbered, Takahashi died in a fierce battle at the age of 28. He was also the highest-ranking eighth-rank regimental commander in the Rehe area and Chifeng City, where he died during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
After Takahashi's sacrifice, in order to vent the resentment accumulated for a long time, the Japanese puppet army intimidated the local anti-Japanese armed forces, cruelly took his head off, put it in a bottle, and showed it to the public in Pingquan, Chengde and other places.
It is precisely because of such soldiers as Takahashi that the Eighth Route Army can become the mainstay of the War of Resistance Against Japan and the people have hope.
Those who persevered in the struggle in the midst of hardships and hardships, those who were heroic and fearless and who made sacrifices for the people, will never die in the hearts of the people.
Because of this, after the puppet army withdrew that day, the local villagers risked their lives to secretly bury Takahashi's body.
Yang Yumin, Gaoqiao's old comrade-in-arms, tried every means to find Gaoqiao's head and transport it back to Ningcheng.
After liberation, in order to commemorate the martyrs of Gaoqiao, the local people's government renamed Laoxigou Village to Gaoqiao Village and built a cemetery in Tianyi Town, Ningcheng County. It is an important patriotic education base in Ningcheng, and people often go to pay tribute to it.