Qianlong Emperor everyone knows, in addition to the emperor's own work, is also an amateur poet, calligraphy and painting appreciation enthusiasts, because he likes to stamp on all kinds of calligraphy and paintings and was called "stamping maniac", according to the records of the Qianlong Emperor in his lifetime to make seals there are more than 1,800 squares, in these seals the Qianlong Emperor has a variety of titles: Ancient Rare Heavenly Son, Eight Signs of Immortality, Taishang Emperor, Changchun Resident, Xintian Master, Ten Quan Old Man, etc., we will talk about the following is one of the qianlong Emperor's many titles of "Ten Quan Old Man".
The Qianlong Emperor
The Qianlong Emperor, who was eighty-two years old in the fifty-second year of Qianlong, wrote the "Ten Complete Records", which recorded the "Ten Complete Martial Arts" in his life, known in history as the "Ten Complete Records of the Imperial System", and built a monument in Manchu, Han, Mongolian, and Tibetan fonts, so the Qianlong Emperor called himself "The Ten Complete Old Men". The Ten Perfectionists refer to the ten major military operations during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, namely the two battles to pacify Dzungar, the two battles to quell the Great and Small and Zhuo Rebellions, the two Battles of Jinchuan (The Battle of Jinchuan), the suppression of the Lin Shuangwen Rebellion in Taiwan, the Battle of Burma, the Battle of Annam, and the two battles against Gorkha.
The treasure of the "Perfect Old Man"
The Dzungar Khanate was a political system established by the Dzungar chief Kaldan in 1676, and successively invaded the Yarkand Khanate and the Khalkha Mongols, and was later repelled by the army led by the Kangxi Emperor, after the defeat of Kaldan, his nephew Tseyu Alabutan succeeded him as the leader, the Dzungar clan became strong again, in 1755, the Qianlong Emperor took advantage of the Dzungar civil strife to defeat Amir Sanadavaqi who was trying to occupy Xinjiang independently, and the Dzungars were annexed to the Qing Dynasty, but soon after Amir Sana rebelled again, in 1757, The Qianlong Emperor attacked again, coinciding with the smallpox plague in the Dzungars, killing and wounding countless people, and Amir Sana fell ill and died after his defeat, and the Qing Dynasty completely controlled the north and south roads of the Tianshan Mountains.
The Qing army pacified the Battle of Size and Zhuo
The Battle of Daxiaohezhuo refers to the struggle of the Qing government during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty to quell the rebellion of the brothers Polo Nidu and Huo Jizhan, leaders of the Baishan faction of the Hui department in Xinjiang. In 1755 AD, the Qianlong Emperor recruited the various departments of the South Tianshan Road, after pacifying the Dzungars, it was once named Polonidu, and later when the Dzungars Amul Sana rebelled again, the Brothers of Big and Small and Zhuo took the opportunity to control Xinjiang's Kargash, Yeerqiang and other places to raise troops to stand on their own, in 1758 the Qianlong Emperor sent troops to recruit The size and Zhuo, the next year the size and Zhuo soldiers were killed on the way out of the way, the rebellion was put down, after this battle, the Tianshan South Road returned to the territory of China, the Territory of the Qing Dynasty reached its peak, and General Ili was established at this time.
The Qing army quelled the Battle of Jinchuan
The Battle of Jinchuan was two large-scale battles of the Qing government to quell the rebellion of Sichuan and the great jinchuan rebellion and maintain the stability of the southwest frontier, in the early years of Qianlong, the Great Jinchuan Tusi Shaluoben captured xiaojinchuan, the Qing government sent troops to Pingding, and the long battle was fruitless, the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, Zhang Guangsi, was executed, and the famous general Yue Zhongqi was sent to the general to negotiate, qianlong fourteen years Shaluo ben surrendered, the Great Jinchuan incident temporarily calmed down, but the relationship between the big and small Jinchuan has always been in a state of tension, and by the 1860s the situation in Jinchuan was tense again. In the thirty-first year of Qianlong, the imperial court assigned the governor of Sichuan, Altai, to unite with the nine toasts to attack Jinchuan, in this context, the great and small Jinchuan united against the Qing, in the next seven years, the governor of Sichuan, Altai, was dismissed from his post due to military defeat, and Wen Fu was also killed in battle, and in the thirty-eighth year of Qianlong, the imperial court sent Ah Gui as a general to increase the number of troops in Jinchuan, and after many bloody battles, the Qing government finally won the final victory in early Qianlong forty-one. In this battle, the Qing government invested nearly 600,000 manpower and 70 million official funds, which was the most costly of Qianlong's ten martial arts.
Fu Kang'an, who was involved in suppressing Lin Shuangwen's uprising
Suppress the Lin Shuangwen Uprising in Taiwan. Lin Shuangwen, a native of Zhangzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province, qianlong entered Taiwan with his father in thirty-eight years, cultivating fields and catching cars, Qianlong joined the rebel organization "Heaven and Earth Society" in 48 years, and became the leader of the north road of Taiwan's Heaven and Earth Society, and later because the prefect of Taiwan banned the Heaven and Earth Society, lin Shuangwen then led the army to rob the prison and launched a rebellion. After the rebellion broke out, the Qianlong Emperor first dispatched 4,000 troops to the admiral and the land admiral to attack, and then led the water division to cross the sea with the university scholar Fu Kang'an as the general and the minister of bodyguard Hai Lancha as the counselor minister. In this battle, the Qing government sent no more than 40,000 troops, which lasted only one year and three months to quell the rebellion, in order to praise the heroes of this battle, the Qianlong Emperor also specially inscribed the portrait, which is for the "Imperial System to Pacify Taiwan Twenty Meritorious Heroes Praise".
Fu Heng participated in the command of the Qing-Burma War
The Battle of Burma, that is, the Qing-Burma War, was a war between the Qing Dynasty and the Burmese Gongpung Dynasty at the end of the 18th century around the control of territory and resources in the border area, this war lasted seven years since the 27th year of the Burmese army invaded Yunnan, China, the qianlong emperor initially sent Liu Zao as the governor of Yungui to lead the army to attack, after the defeat was dismissed, and then sent Dongge University, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu Yang Yingju to be the governor of Yungui, at this time the total number of Qing troops has been more than Burma, but still repeatedly defeated, Moreover, the most hateful thing was to cover up his military defeat Yang Yingju repeatedly falsely reported his military achievements, and eventually Yang Yingju was arrested and sent to Beijing to die, and at the same time, he was also killed by Li Shisheng, the viceroy of Yunnan. Later, the Qianlong Emperor appointed Mingrui, the nephew of the university scholar Fu Heng, as the governor of Yungui and continued to preside over the affairs of Burma, but due to the eventual defeat of the light enemy, Mingrui killed himself after being surrounded by Burmese troops.
Mingrui, killed in battle in the Qing-Burma War
After the defeat of Mingrui, the Qianlong Emperor began to mobilize elite troops and strong generals to prepare for a larger-scale attack, and appointed the heavy ministers Fu Heng as the economic strategy, Aligun and Ah Gui as deputy generals, due to the perennial conquest, coupled with the miasma, the Qing army fell ill and died more than the battle, the general Wu Shisheng, the deputy general Arigun, and the admiral Ye Xiangde died of illness one after another, Fu Heng himself was also sick and bedridden, and finally the front-line generals on both sides decided to negotiate and truce on their own without the consent of the supreme ruler, and this battle took several years. The war that cost the Qing Dynasty nearly 10 million taels of silver finally came to an end, and although the Qing Dynasty achieved nominal submission to Burma, it failed to achieve a real victory in the war.
Sun Shiyi
The Battle of Annam refers to a war that took place between the Qing Dynasty and Annam (present-day Vietnam) in the last years of the Qianlong Dynasty. In the fifty-third year of Qianlong, Annam Ruan Hui invaded Licheng, the king of Annam fled, and a large number of clans were killed, and the Qianlong Emperor sent Sun Shiyi, the governor of Liangguang, to use troops to Annam on the grounds that the Li clan had been passed down for a long time and the most obedient to the Heavenly Dynasty, and it took only twenty days to attack the capital of Annam, Licheng, to help the Li Dynasty officially restore the country.
Battle of Gorkha
The Battle of Gorkha, also known as the Qing Counterattack against Gorkha, was a war fought by the Qing army against the invasion of Tibet in China during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. The Gurkha is the tribe that rules Nepal, Qianlong was instigated by the Tibetan lama to invade Tibet and other places in fifty-three years, the Qing Dynasty immediately sent troops to attack, but the minister stationed in Tibet made peace with the Gurkha without authorization, and lied to the imperial court that it had recovered the lost land, Qianlong fifty-six years Gorkha invaded Tibet again in the name of Shuang, the Qianlong Emperor sent the governor of Liangguang, Fu Kang'an, Hailancha and other leading troops into Tibet to reinforce, the next year the army approached the Gurkha capital, the Gurkha claimed to surrender, and promised not to invade Tibet. The Battle of Gorkha was the last of Qianlong's ten complete martial arts, and some of them did safeguard the reunification of the motherland in these ten wars, but some of them were indeed suspected of indiscriminately charging up.