"Two cigarettes" (referring to raw cigarettes and cigarettes) was once a dazzling project for the rich people of Fuxian County since the reform and opening up of Xiangxi Prefecture, and once dominated the economic and financial pattern of Xiangxi from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s. Its development and adjustment have left some lingering regrets and some doubts that need to be responded objectively.
In 1986, Yang Zhengwu (second from right), secretary of the Xiangxi Prefecture CPC Committee, inspected the cigarette production workshop of The Phoenix Tobacco Factory, accompanied by Li Zhenqiu, then secretary of the Fenghuang County CPC Committee (third from the right) (Chen Tingmao provided the photo)
The rise of raw tobacco cultivation
In the history of Western Hunan Province, there was a habit of planting and drying tobacco. In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), 25,000 cartons of tobacco were produced in western Hunan Province. Flue-cured tobacco cultivation was introduced by the State Civil Trade Bureau from Xuchang, Henan in 1965, and expanded to Yongshun and Fenghuang after the trial planting in Longshan. The adjustment of the rural industrial structure and the development of poverty alleviation rolled out in 1984 have promoted the expansion and development of high-efficiency cash crops such as drying tobacco and flue-cured tobacco, and economic forest fruits throughout the state. By 1988, the state's area of tobacco had expanded to 117,200 mu, with an output of 140,000 quintals. Flue-cured tobacco expanded to 141,000 mu, with an output of 221,000 quintals. Counties such as Fenghuang also grow sunburn smoke and spiced tobacco. At that time, I (then the mayor of Jishou City-Editor's Note) accompanied Yang Shunchu, secretary of the Jishou Municipal Party Committee, to the Party School of the Provincial Party Committee to visit Comrade Ning Sheng, former secretary of the Xiangxi Prefecture CPC Committee, and sent him a drying cigarette from Shuangtang Township in Jishou City. Comrade Ning Sheng praised: "Shuangtang has a lot of smoke and is good to smoke." ”
In the early 1990s, Zheng Peimin (second from left), secretary of the Xiangxi Prefecture CPC Committee, and Ouyang Song ( fifth from left), executive vice governor of Xiangxi Prefecture, accompanied the Nanjing Economic and Technological Delegation to inspect the "Guxiang" brand production line of Fenghuang Tobacco Factory (Chen Tingmao provided pictures)
Bu Jihai (second from left), Luo Guoxing (first from left) and others to longshan tobacco factory to investigate, accompanied by Gong Qibiao (third from left) factory director (photo by the reporter of the State Unity Daily)
With the technical transformation and expansion of the four tobacco factories in western Hunan Province, the original tobacco sales market is optimistic, and the state has increased its support for the production of raw tobacco. The prefecture party committee and the prefecture government have set up a special leading group for tobacco grasping, and implemented a number of measures such as building high-quality tobacco base, developing large-scale townships and towns, mainly promoting science and technology to revitalize tobacco, improving the level of intensive management, and expanding tobacco export channels, forming a vivid situation in which the leaders of key tobacco-producing counties and townships are mainly grasping the work, and tobacco leaf production is flourishing for a while. The state government supports the introduction of raw tobacco production support policies, subsidizes tobacco seedlings, tobacco fertilizer, baking house construction, implements tobacco tax refund for county and rural areas, and the state and county tobacco bureaus are responsible for hiring tobacco technicians to train rural tobacco farmers in the base, and track services throughout the process to ensure that the normal year to achieve a win-win effect of base villages, tobacco farmers and tobacco stations. By 1997, the number of tobacco purchases in the state reached 680,000 quintals. A number of advanced models of tobacco cultivation and poverty alleviation have emerged, such as Longshan Da'an, Ciyantang, Yongshun Fuzhi and Liexi, Fenghuangshanjiang and Heku, Huayuan Yayou, and Baojing Wild Boar Ping. Among the tobacco-catching cadres in key townships, the year-end bonus of one person reached 7,000 to 8,000 yuan, which was not a small amount at that time. In addition to ensuring the allocation and supply of tobacco factories in the prefecture, through the efforts of Comrades Zhang Shuhua and other comrades, who was then the director of the Prefecture Tobacco Bureau, the high-quality tobacco leaves produced in the prefecture entered the main tobacco formula of the Changyan Baisha Group with their oily, good color and good aroma, and entered the backbone tobacco factory markets such as Changde, Chenzhou, Nanjing, and Zhangjiakou.
Xiao Shousong, deputy director of the Provincial Tobacco Bureau and director of changsha tobacco factory who is enthusiastic about helping the poverty alleviation and development of Xiangxi Prefecture, reminded us that the market economy does not protect backwardness (Wu Yaguang provided pictures)
In order to help Xiangxi develop raw tobacco, the provincial party committee selected Comrade Wang Xinhua from the Provincial Tobacco Bureau to serve as vice governor of the prefecture, focusing on the production of raw tobacco. The prefecture successively invited veteran leaders Wu Guanlin and Jia Changyue to assist in catching cigarettes. I remember that when Comrade Jia Changyue launched the planting of tobacco, he used the typical example of planting tobacco to get rid of poverty to inspire everyone: "Some people think that tobacco is a sunset industry, I think that planting tobacco has a big head, the sunset is infinitely good, and the sunset is red like fire!" ”
In 2009, Yang Xianjie, director of the Provincial Tobacco Bureau (front row, second from left), and Wu Jihai, secretary general of the provincial government (second from right in the back row), accompanied Governor Zhou Qiang (front row, first from left) to inspect the Xiangxi Yongshun Flue-cured Tobacco Base (photo by Liu Shangwen)
Director Xiao Shousong went to the Phoenix Tobacco Factory to inspect the progress of the Changsha Tobacco Factory's support and promotion work, and he believed that enterprises must have a sense of crisis (from left: Zhang Shuhua, Hu Peck fu, Chen Jiujing, Wang Xinhua, Xiao Shousong, Guo Jinhe, Xiong Fu, Zhou Tiansong, Hu Peck Fu provided pictures)
Hu Peckfu (first from left), deputy director of Changsha Tobacco Factory and leader of the support team, and Zhou Tiansong, director of Phoenix Tobacco Factory (second from left), discuss new product development (Photo provided by Hu Peckfu)
In those years, the development of original smoke had the joy of success, but also encountered many difficulties and risks. In low temperature, rainy and sunny years, tobacco leaves are prone to disease, and they cannot be roasted in the later stage, affecting production, smoke quality and income. If the disaster is serious, tobacco farmers and tobacco companies will lose money or even lose a lot of money. Tobacco cultivation needs to be rotated, starting from tobacco leaf land preparation and seedlings, and there are problems in all aspects of cultivation, harvesting, baking and acquisition. In particular, the purchase of tobacco leaves, to prevent the price of the price of the price and the purchase of funds to hit the white strip, the party committee and the government need to coordinate with tobacco and banks in a timely manner. The state implements the policy of "planned planting, contract purchase" for the production of raw tobacco, and the higher-level tobacco department often supports the tobacco leaves when there are fewer tobacco leaves, and cuts them when they are more, which from time to time triggers fluctuations in the price cycle of tobacco purchases, so that the local government and the grass-roots tobacco departments discount the commitments made by the tobacco farmers, which increases the difficulty of launching tobacco cultivation in the future. The production of raw tobacco in the state is all the way forward in overcoming difficulties and solving problems.
Hu Peck fu (third from left) and Wang Huanming, director of Longshan Tobacco Factory (fourth from left), inspect the production of the "Big Brother" brand production line (Hu Peck Fu provides pictures)
The establishment and development of tobacco factories
Xiangxi Prefecture Wu Jihai (third from left), Qin Xiangsai (fourth from left), Luo Tianming (second from left), Zhang Guanren (fifth from left), Zhang Xiaozhou (middle in the back row) and other comrades went to the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration to report on the second phase of the Jishou Leaf Re-baking Factory
The development of industries with high taxes and profits and high accumulation was a bold attempt by the leaders of the prefectures and counties in Xiangxi to get rid of poverty. In March 1970, Yongsan County opened a cigarette soap factory to produce handmade cigars, which was renamed Yongsan Cigarette Factory the following year. In 1982, Longshan Cigarette Factory built a transit station in Qianzhou, Jishou, and in 1985, it established a workshop in Jishou. The Phoenix Cigar Factory was established in March 1980. In June of that year, Yongshun Cigar Factory was established one after another. In January 1985, Phoenix Cigar Factory and Longshan Cigarette Factory were designated as central enterprises. In February of the same year, the Yongshun Cigar Factory was merged into the Phoenix Tobacco Factory, and the cigarette industry pattern of the four tobacco factories in Longshan, Fenghuang, Yongshun and Qianzhou (at that time, there was also the Mulberry Tobacco Factory) was formed in the prefecture.
Jishou Leaf Re-baking Factory Office Building built in Yaxi, Jishou City (Photo by Zhang Jin)
Jishou leaf re-baking factory material selection workshop (Zhang Jin photo)
Jishou leaf re-baking factory processing workshop (Zhang Jin photo)
In 1980, the state implemented the financial stove feeding system of "dividing revenue and expenditure, grading and drying, and must be five years", prompting the prefecture and county to increase support for the expansion of 4 tobacco factories and the technical transformation of special production equipment such as fermentation, silk making, rolling, and packaging. In the 1980s, the "big brother" and "lobster flower" produced by Longshan Tobacco Factory, the "Guxiang" and "Phoenix" produced by Fenghuang Tobacco Factory, the "Laosicheng" and "Mengdonghe" produced by Yongshun Tobacco Factory, and the "Xiangfei" and "Mountain Eagle" produced by Qianzhou Tobacco Factory were marketed all the way to the market. The accumulation of tobacco factories and their contribution to state and county finances are increasing year by year. By 1988, the output value of the cigarette industry accounted for 28.5% of the total industrial output value of the whole state, and the cigarette tax accounted for 53.2% of the total financial income of the whole state, and cigarettes became an important pillar supporting the economic and financial operation of Xiangxi Prefecture. Phoenix has become the county with abundant resources in the province and the first county in fiscal revenue of more than 100 million yuan.
Yongshun tobacco farmers colonize flue-cured tobacco seedlings in the tobacco field
Miao tobacco farmers in Yayou Township, Huayuan County, make flue-cured tobacco sorting handles at home
In the stage of entrepreneurial development of the tobacco factory, the leaders of the prefecture and county led the comrades of the department to the enterprise site for many times to help solve the problems in the development. The provincial and state finance and taxation, finance, economic commission, planning commission, tobacco and other departments have flexibly solved many difficulties for the production, technological reform, marketing, and taxation of tobacco factories. In order to organize the working capital of the tobacco factory at the end of the year, the president of the State Industrial and Commercial Bank and the state leaders went to Beijing to apply for a loan from the ICBC. The prefecture, county, and municipal party committees also sent a group of cadres familiar with economic work to take up posts in tobacco factories. With the concerted efforts of the leading group and employees of the tobacco factory, the internal grasp of basic management and external marketing have become the main theme of enterprise development for a period of time. In the "3581" project of the Provincial Department of Finance to start the construction of financial resources in the 1990s, the initiative of Xiangxi Prefecture to build tobacco and alcohol financial resources attracted the attention of the province.
Yongshun tobacco farmer Xiang Wenyou and his daughter sort out flue-cured tobacco at home
Peng Lingyan, a farmer in Yongshun, sorted out the flue-cured tobacco on the shelf
Yongshun planter Xiang Yanping planted flue-cured tobacco 30 acres, this flue-cured tobacco has been roasted for 6 days and 6 nights, and then baked for 24 hours to get out of the room, during the picking and baking of flue-cured tobacco, he added coal to wait in the baking room, and only slept less than 3 hours a day
The rise of the four tobacco factories has injected vitality into the economic and social development of Xiangxi Prefecture. It has not only led to the construction of tobacco bases and the poverty alleviation of tobacco farmers, but also revitalized the supporting enterprises of raw and auxiliary materials such as printing, packaging, filters, flavors, and spices; it has also ensured the payment of salaries for public employees and contributed usable financial resources to the operation of organs and grass-roots units for the development of Xiangxi Prefecture; at the same time, it has trained, trained, and transported a number of modern enterprise management and economic management talents for the development of Xiangxi Prefecture. Many of the factory-level cadres who came out of the 4 tobacco factories have taken up state and county leadership positions.
In 1987, at the plenary session of the Jishou Municipal Cpc Committee, Comrade Yang Shunchu, secretary of the Jishou Municipal Party Committee, united a group of officials to start a business, and focused on promoting horizontal economic and technological cooperation and rural industrial restructuring of industrial enterprises (the front left row: Qin Shisong, Lü Daguang, Wu Jihai, Wei Dianrong, Shi Shaoqing, Yang Shunchu, He Zhenming; the front row from the right: Tang Tiejun. Photo courtesy of the Publicity Department of Jishou Municipal Party Committee)
Cigarette industry layout adjustment
Perhaps it is not enough to think of danger in peace when the wind is downwind, and the problems of 4 tobacco factories with miscellaneous brands, low added value, serious tax losses, and relying on over-planned production to maintain operation have gradually accumulated, and the crisis is quietly approaching.
In the 1980s, Xiong Qingquan, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee (middle), inspected the development of rural limes in Jishou City (photo provided by the Propaganda Department of the Jishou Municipal Party Committee)
The direct cause of the crisis and difficulties in tobacco factories is the implementation of a strict policy of restricting production and pressing the warehouse in 1992, which severely sanctions local tobacco factories for overproduction of cigarettes. The ensuing reform of the tax-sharing system has blocked the way for over-planned production to make up for the loss of taxes. Coupled with the commercialization of state-owned banks, the implementation of asset-liability ratio management and tightening of lending, the funds of tobacco factories have fallen into a vicious circle, and the survival difficulties of the four tobacco factories have been aggravated. According to the report of the tobacco factory, in 1995, the loss tax rates of the four tobacco factories in Fenghuang, Longshan, Yongshun and Qianzhou were as high as 60.3%, 40.1%, 68.2% and 71.6% respectively.
Adjust the brand structure, increase the benefit of a single box, reduce the loss of taxes, several tobacco factories have been looking for a way out. The first to help the Xiangxi Tobacco Factory to solve its difficulties was Comrade Xiao Shousong, deputy director of the Provincial Tobacco Bureau and director of the Changsha Tobacco Factory. In July 1995, Governor Yang Zhengwu and Vice Governor Zhou Bohua led Xiao Shousong and other provincial comrades to Xiangxi to investigate, and determined that Changsha Tobacco Factory sent a team to help Fenghuang Tobacco Factory strengthen management and develop profitable brands. At the same time, changsha tobacco factory counterparts support the development of high-quality tobacco base in western Hunan province, and 300,000 quintals of leaf rebagging factory in Jishou. The cigarette production plan indicators converted by the Qianzhou Tobacco Factory were bought out by the Changsha Tobacco Factory, and the tax base was paid to Jishou City through the provincial financial transfer. In this way, the curtain has been opened on Hunan Province's adjustment of the layout of cigarette industrial enterprises relying on Changsha and Changde Tobacco Factories.
In 2002, Academician Yuan Longping (first from left) and Mr. and Mrs. Ding Cong (second from left, third from left) were invited to attend the press conference of Phoenix National Historical and Cultural City held in Beijing to help Fenghuang County transform and develop the tourism industry (Photo courtesy of Fenghuang County)
Changsha Tobacco Factory sent a task force led by Deputy Director Hu Peckfu to enter the Phoenix Tobacco Factory, and after a period of vigorously grasping management and new product development, developed a "Golden Phoenix" with a higher grade than the "Guxiang" brand, and asked Comrade Xiao Shousong to suck and help sell it in Changsha. Phoenix Tobacco Factory achieved more obvious results in strengthening on-site management, saving costs, reducing taxes and losses, and reversing the dilemma of production and operation. The consumption of tobacco leaves in a single box alone was reduced from 53 kg to 44.92 kg. The Jishou Leaf Re-baking Factory, with an annual output of 300,000 quintals, was established after many negotiations and consultations, and the Changsha Tobacco Factory selected Comrade Wu Yaguang as the director of the factory. Later, it was on the second phase of the leaf re-roasting expansion project, with a production capacity of 800,000 quintals and an annual tax payment of more than 20 million. The prefecture further invited Comrade Hu Peck fu to lead a team to the Longshan Tobacco Factory to help them.
Governor Zhang Yunchuan (fifth from left) and Vice Governor Yang Taibo (seventh from left) inspected the tourism development of the ancient city of Huangsiqiao in Fenghuang, accompanied by Bukit Hai (fourth from left), Wu Yancheng (eighth from left), Zhang Yongzhong (sixth from left) and others (photo provided by Fenghuang County)
Although Changyan has done a lot of work to support Fengyan and Longyan, it is difficult to reverse the loss momentum of small and medium-sized tobacco factories with few production indicators, and the process of concentrating the layout of the cigarette industry to advantageous enterprises is accelerating. Subsequently, Yongyan and Fengyan successively went to the Changsha Tobacco Factory to sell off the production target, and the provincial finance ensured the shutdown of the county's vested base through transfer payments. Later, the efforts of Longshan Tobacco Factory to join the Changyan Baisha Group were also stranded for various reasons. Changsha Tobacco Factory completed the integration of 4 tobacco factories in western Hunan Province.
Implications for transition
Before and after the closure of several tobacco factories, small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises in the state have been restructured, bankrupted, and reorganized, and a number of enterprises with backward technology and production capacity have been eliminated. The tobacco and alcohol industry, mineral products processing industry, and agricultural and sideline products processing industry in western Hunan have undergone differentiation and integration, and the mineral products processing industry has almost been reborn through environmental protection. Later, the construction of industrial parks and investment promotion were promoted, and a number of industrial and commercial enterprises were successively introduced, settled and expanded, and the transformation of Xiangxi industry to focus on quality and efficiency and green and low-carbon development showed a new improvement. The rise of rural migrant workers and the acceleration of urbanization have caused the large-scale flue-cured tobacco, lime and other industries to shrink due to changes in market conditions. In its place, it is a more profitable kiwifruit, golden tea, lilies and other income-increasing industries. Looking back at the ebb and flow of industrial construction in western Hunan in recent years and the peak and loop, it can be seen that the economic law dominates the trajectory of industrial development adjustment.
Shi Bangzhi (fifth from right), Wu Yunchang (third from right), Hao Ruihua (second from right), Shi Yuanji (sixth from right), Wu Yuansheng (first from right), Xiang Xiqin (seventh from right), Bu Jihai (fifth from right in the back row), Peng Shilai (fourth from right in the back row), Xiang Bangli (sixth from right in the back row), Jin Shufu (seventh from right in the back row), And Mo Weicai (third from right in the back row) received Liao Hansheng, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (fourth from right), who came to Jishou to inspect the development of the old revolutionary areas.
After Fenghuang County was painfully determined, it made the decision to start a business for the second time, relying on the resources of the ancient city to declare a national-level historical and cultural city, and transform and develop the tourism industry. By 2019, the annual number of tourists received by Fenghuang County reached 20.1093 million person-times, achieving tourism revenue of 20.001 billion yuan, and more than 60,000 direct and indirect tourism employees in the county, realizing a gorgeous turnaround of relying on tourism to eat. Longshan, Yongshun, Jishou, Huayuan, Baojing, Luxi, Guzhang and other counties and cities have also made historic progress in promoting targeted poverty alleviation, developing alternative industries, and committing to economic transformation and upgrading. After many reports, the state has also won breakthrough policies such as national cigarette production indicators and tobacco tax rebates, creating a new situation in the development and change of western Hunan Province. Looking back on this experience now, there are some lessons to cherish.
In 2002, Wu Jihai went to the Party School of the Provincial Party Committee to visit Comrade Ning Sheng (middle) and his wife Aunt Li, and when Comrade Ning Sheng was in charge of Xiangxi, he had a unique view on poverty alleviation in Xiangxi, and he believed that poverty alleviation in Xiangxi was a great thing, and he said that "great things are not simple, simple things are not great."
First, the development of raw tobacco and cigarette production in western Hunan was the market choice of the party committee and government to help peasants get rid of poverty and become rich, and strive to get rid of the dilemma of local fiscal revenue and expenditure. This is the same as the development of the orange industry at that time, as well as the tourism industry and tea industry that have accelerated in recent years, it is better to see that it has better returns, can increase employment and taxes, and the main enterprises and the people have enthusiasm. The production of two cigarettes is between the monopoly system and the market economy, and it should also follow the laws of the market economy. It is necessary to respond to market changes and national policy adjustments in a timely manner, and we cannot rely on policy meals step by step. We should do our best to avoid the danger of "watching him rise up a tall building and seeing him collapse" because of the delay in seeing things. When Comrade Fenghuang and I reported to Director Xiao Shousong that we were preparing to play the minority brand to promote the sales of new products with gifts, he reminded us that cigarettes should be imported and smoked, and consumers should recognize them. The smoke doesn't taste good, and the gold ring you send to the tobacco company salesman can't be sold in the end. At present, in engaging in the market economy, we must act in accordance with the laws of the market economy; the market economy does not believe in tears, does not recognize ethnic minorities, and does not protect backwardness; the market economy is a tiger that bites without a lame. His words are still thought-provoking.
In 2016, Shi Yuzhen (second from right), Wu Jihai (second from left), Xu Keqin (first from left), and Ye Hongzhuan (first from right, then secretary of the Xiangxi Prefecture Cpc Committee) attended the Jishou Drum Culture Festival to jointly remember the people and things that helped Xiangxi alleviate poverty
Second, it is not enough to develop the local economy by only burying one's head in hard work, and it is necessary to strengthen study, broaden our horizons, pay attention to consumption upgrading, and pay attention to seeking momentum. At that time, the tobacco factory in our state was the main brand, focusing on the rural straw shoe market and the urban low-income wage-earner market, which won more and took the road of quantitative scale development. Huang Guxiang, the pawn brand of Phoenix Tobacco Factory, had a factory price of 11.60 yuan / piece in 1990. The big brother of the brand of Longshan Tobacco Factory, the ex-factory price in 1991 was 12.96 yuan / piece. Low-grade brands of 3.00 yuan to 6.00 yuan / strip account for a large proportion of the total products of the 4 tobacco factories. In the face of rising prices of raw and auxiliary materials, strict control of overproduction and market consumption upgrades, enterprises will not be able to pass the hurdle. This is in contrast to Changsha and Changde Tobacco Factory, which have the core brands of Baisha and Furong Wang, constantly study market changes, follow up consumption upgrades, and develop marketable and profitable products. This may be an important reason for the survival of the fittest in tobacco factories.
Third, we should focus on cultivating enterprises and guide the economy to shift to high-quality development. To improve the quality and efficiency of economic development in Xiangxi, it is advisable to overcome impetuousness and fluke psychology, and continue to do a good job in laying the foundation, benefiting the long term and strengthening the brand. In the era of the Internet economy and e-commerce, tourism, kiwifruit, golden tea and other industries that are being built and upgraded should pay attention to brand maintenance and the construction of integrity systems, guide market players to follow the laws of the market economy, establish a positive image of attaching importance to the quality of products and services, and cannot covet the current small profits and damage long-term development. Economic development is the basic work of a locality, and the party committee and government should make every effort to create a predictable business environment and create wealth for entrepreneurs to do a good job. Cadres who grasp the economy should be encouraged to take on tasks, and the main energy should be focused on strengthening the construction of industrial projects, cultivating and introducing advantageous enterprises, and making leading industries stronger and better.
In November 2020, some old comrades in Xiangxi Prefecture gathered in Changsha (from left: Liu Dianxing, Xiang Xiqin, Zhu Guangting, Shi Yuzhen, Yang Zhengwu, Wang Dezhen, Li Aofu, Yang Shunchu, Bu Jihai, He Guangping, Shen Wanlong)
Fourth, at any time, we must not forget the comrades who sincerely helped and actively participated in the development of the relief of difficulties in western Hunan Province. Today, the closure of tobacco factories has long ended, the economic transformation has begun, and the changes in western Hunan are not what they used to be. Some of the comrades who participated in the establishment and operation of tobacco factories and other industrial and commercial enterprises and devoted their efforts to local development have become ancient, and most of them have retired at the age of old age. Xiao Shousong, Hu Peckfu, and other provincial departments, the corresponding leaders and comrades of the six cities under the jurisdiction of the province to help the poor in western Hunan and those who have served and suspended their posts in western Hunan have also gradually gone far. We always have great respect and infinite gratitude for their responsibilities and hard work at that stage. The twists and turns of that year or the trend of the times may be difficult to avoid. "The sunshine is always after the wind and rain", we are optimistic about the future of Xiangxi. A glorious future of sustainable development is approaching the people of western Hunan Province.
(Note: The author of this article is the former governor of Xiangxi Prefecture and the former vice chairman of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)