The city gate has many stories - De'an Gate is the Great South Gate

Changzhou used to be the Great South Gate. Now in the middle of the section from Heping Road to Qingliang Road, there was a city gate called De'an Gate in ancient times, which, like other city gates, was completed in the early years of the Fifth Dynasty Wu Tianzuo, and was built by Xu Jingmai, the assassin of Changzhou at that time. In the second year of Hongwu of the Ming Dynasty, in 1369 AD, when the defender Tang He built Luocheng in Changzhou, De'an Gate was set up on the north side of Xincheng Hao, at the intersection of the present Suspension Bridge Road and Heping Road, east of the Guandao River, west of the Wuyi Bridge south of the Hangou, and connected with Dongxiatang and Taosha Lane. In the early years, De'an Gate was also a three-story cornice arrow tower, which was damaged in the Ming Dynasty, and was repaired by Sun Renyi, the governor of Changzhou, in the middle and late period of Chenghua, in the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing, in 1555, the Wukou invaded, the county shou Jinhao restored the De'an Gate, etc., compared with the Qing Dynasty Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing dynasties, all of which have the merit of repairing and strengthening the city gate and city walls.

According to the map of changzhou in the guangxu year, the specific location of De'anmen at that time, in the sixth and seventh sections of the ancient city of Henan, this block is called Dananmen Straight Street, that is, the current Heping South Road, the west has guomian first factory (Dacheng Weaving Company), the east has Taoyuan Road Guotai Residence, the east street is Guandaohe, Nanyuan, Sun Jia'an, Black Peony Enterprise, Changzhou Sixth Middle School (TianJiabing Middle School), Liu's Ancestral Hall, there is a suspension bridge in De'anmen, and later rebuilt several times, respectively, renamed De'an Bridge and Tongji Bridge.

De'anMen has always been the great south gate of Changzhou City, because to the south is the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which was once one of the busiest large piers in the port. There is an ancient town at the southern end called Puqian, Pu's Chinese interpretation is the river or the mouth of the river, since the Tang Dynasty, Puqian has undertaken the transit mission from Yixing, Huzhou and other places to Chang'an Gong Tea, so after the Tang Dynasty it was also called Tea Mountain. In addition, during the Northern Song Dynasty, a famous Bao'en Temple was built here, which is now the Qingliang Temple, which is also the home temple of hu su, the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, which once attracted literati such as Su Dongpo and Huang Tingjian to worship and patronize, and added color to the south of the city. The place at the junction with the lake and pond is called The Descending Bridge, which once had an ancient temple, a Taoist temple, and it has some origins with qianwei city in the Qianlong period. Qingliang Temple has been destroyed many times in history, and in the past it was not in the south of the De'an Bridge, and was only relocated during the Ming Dynasty's Yongle years of reconstruction.

As can be seen from the map of the whole city in the Year of Guangxu, the commercial circle around De'anMen has matured and prospered at this time, and there is an old place in the north, which is Shengxian Lane, Nanyuan and Guandaohe in turn, and there are Xinqiaofang, Chunguifang, Ziyangguan and Lingguan Temple in the north, and Yuanfeng Bridge and Dongshuiguan in the east. In the north, there are Nanhangou, Orphan Bridge, Wuyi Bridge, Hongqiao, Taosha Lane, Three Generals Lane, Zhao Jia Lane, Da Ru Temple, Jia Jia Lane and so on.

According to the Song "Biling Zhi" record, in the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty, in 1065 AD, there were eleven high school scholars such as Sun Yangxiu, Hu Zonghui, and Hu Zongyan, among whom Sun Yangxiu and Hu Zonghui returned to their hometowns, settled in De'anmen, became a teacher, and were admired by people, so they were praised by local officials and awarded the plaque of "Yourenfang" to show future generations.

Local documents record that Hu Zonghui, who was born in De'anmen, was an official to edit the editor, a judge to the transfer of Jingxi, a prisoner of punishment, a bureaucrat Langzhong, a Guizhou Zhizhou, and a Suizhou Zhizhou. Sun Yangxiu, after returning to his hometown, strictly adhered to filial piety, so he became a beautiful talk at that time, and his deeds were reported to the imperial court and he was enthroned as "Renshou County Jun".

The Qing "Changzhou Fu" has such a description: "Shengxian Temple, Tengxian Temple, learning the Tao and returning together." According to research, there were these two Taoist temples here during the Tang Dynasty, which are said to have been cultivated by a Gaoshi named Wang Huiyan, followed by Zhang Shizi, the seventh year of Tang Kaiyuan, and the old local chronicle in 719 AD said that Zhang Shizi was drunk as fate, each time he had to drink a stone, his sideburns were like silver, after three years of cultivation here, he drove the donkey to ascend to heaven, and his descendants' residence was built here, so it was named Shengxian Alley.

From the Xinfang Bridge to the southwest of the canal, this place is called Chun Kwai Fong, and later called South Park. During the Republic of China period, there were still three nearly li, but in the late 1980s, the old building was demolished and the Shengxian Lane apartment building and the Feiyue Textile Building were built. The Guandao River on the east side of the South Garden, because the shape of the river is just like the Guangong knife and named, the river flows in an east-west direction, the river surface is gradually widening, surrounded by vegetable gardens, the old Zhou, Wang, Chen, Qian, Sheng family scattered residence. There was once Sun Jia'an in the South Garden, and the Changzhou Fuzhi records that it is also known as the Jingguan Zen Temple, which was built in the eighteenth year of the Ming Dynasty Wanli Calendar, in 1590 AD, for the Rebbe Shangshu Sun Shen to build the sister of the family nunnery, Xianfeng was destroyed, Guangxu was rebuilt, and it still existed during the Republic of China, at this time it was renamed Jingguan Zen Temple.

Nanyuan Sanli has the Dalun Spinning Factory founded in the ninth year of the Republic of China, which is the earliest steam engine spinning in Changzhou, founded by Jiang Panfa and Liu Shupei, a person from Meilongba in Chashan, and later acquired by Liu Guojun. Lingguan Temple in Chun Kwai Fong, Lingguan is the Taoist protector of the heavenly gods, legend has it that by the Jade Emperor emperor as "Shangshan Five Prominent Officials Emperor", the people come to survive boys and girls, there are also seeking wealth, seeking high school, heirs prosperity and abundance.

In the twelfth year of the Republic of China, in 1923 AD, the poor children's hospital was funded by industrial and commercial people, they were Feng Xiaoqing and Wu Zhen junior, and then Wu Bochao founded the National Conservatory of Music, and in 1946, he moved from Chongqing to Changzhou, and used the Lingguan Temple Hall as a large hall and Luohan Hall as a dormitory, but at this time its main building, box room, and gate tower still existed intact, and it was completely demolished in the 1980s, and its Lingguan Lane name disappeared.

Taosha Lane is an ancient alley, legend has it that during the Northern Song Dynasty, there were two fleeing princes who came here to take refuge and stay, and afterwards people knew that the identity was not ordinary, and the oral legend "Escape", due to dialect pronunciation problems, was passed down to Taosha. According to another legend, this place is located on the river side of the city, where women often raked yarn, and there is also a saying of yarn. There were three ancestral halls in the alley: Sun Wenjie Ancestral Hall, Liu Clan Ancestral Hall and Li Gong Ancestral Hall. Sun Wenjie was also known as Sun Shenxing, a member of the Donglin Party in the Ming Dynasty and the nephew of Tang Shunzhi. Li Gong (李公) was the younger brother of Li Hongzhang, a major minister of the late Qing Dynasty. In the Three Generals Lane, there were three anti-Yuan generals, namely Yao Zhi, Chen Zhao, and Wang Anjie.

【Source: Changzhou Civil Affairs Bureau_Business News】

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