Source: Xinhua Net
(Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era - A New Chapter in the New Era , General Secretary Xi Jinping's Concerns)
Let the peasants pick up the "golden flat burden" - a vivid practice scan of agricultural modernization
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 5 (Xinhua) -- Let the peasants pick up the "golden flat burden" -- a vivid practice scan of agricultural modernization
Xinhua News Agency reporters Li Fengshuang, Guan Jiantao and Wang Jian
During the two sessions of the National People's Congress this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping told a story of "golden flat burden". At that time, when the peasants talked about their desire to have a higher realm on the basis of eating enough to eat well, they said that they would carry the golden flat burden on the mountain to work in the future. "I understand this 'golden flat burden' as agricultural modernization." General Secretary Xi Jinping said. The story of "Jin Bian Dan" has aroused everyone's in-depth thinking.
A recent interview with a Xinhua reporter found that more and more farmers are now picking up the "golden flat burden." All localities have continuously adjusted and optimized the structure of agricultural products, improved their ability to resist risks, accelerated agricultural mechanization and science and technology, consolidated the foundation for stable production, and ensured national food security.
Aiming for "Eat Well"
Large agricultural machinery harvests rice at a farm in Nongjiang, Heilongjiang Province, On September 28, 2017, drone photo). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianwei
Tractors carry out mechanized corn sowing operations in Harbin's Shuangcheng District (april 20). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Song
In Harbin's Shuangcheng District, tractor drivers use automated equipment for mechanized corn sowing operations (april 20). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Song
In early summer, the seedlings of the Sanjiang Plain are green. Shen Yunqiang, a grower in Chang'an Town, Fujin City, Heilongjiang Province, stands on the ground and looks out, and the green rice fields are lush and full of life.
A few years ago, Shen Yunqiang's rice was a round-grained variety, and it only sold for 1.2 yuan per kilogram of rice. "There are many long-grain high-quality varieties around me, which can sell for 1.5 yuan per kilogram." Shen Yunqiang said that "road goods" are becoming less and less profitable, and this year they have changed to long-grain high-quality varieties that are in short supply in the market.
"The whole process of rice cultivation can be traced, and everyone buys our rice and knows how to grow it." Sun Bin, a major grain grower in Lishu Township, Huanan County, Heilongjiang Province, said that if the structure of agricultural products is not adjusted according to market demand, consumers will not buy it.
Sun Bin transferred 8,400 mu of paddy fields this year, of which 4,500 mu were planted with organic rice, and sales orders have been signed to achieve "uncollected first sale".
Yield and income are guaranteed, and quality should be safer. This year, the rice planting area in Heilongjiang Province is nearly 60 million mu, of which the green organic rice area is more than 32 million mu.
"Now we can't just look at the quantity, but also look at the quality." Speaking of the structural adjustment of agricultural products, Li Fuqiang, chairman of the Revolutionary Modern Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative in Bei'an City, Heilongjiang Province, said that this year, the cooperative planted 110,000 mu of soybeans in accordance with green standards, all of which are high-protein varieties, which are more suitable for soy milk, tofu and other soy products.
Domestic soybeans are mainly used to make soy products and are an important source of plant protein consumption for urban and rural residents. Heilongjiang Province is the largest soybean producing area in China, accounting for nearly half of the country. In recent years, Heilongjiang Province has adjusted and optimized the planting structure, and the soybean area has recovered to more than 60 million mu, further meeting the domestic demand for soybean consumption.
In Shangshui County, Henan Province, Qiu Shouxian, a major grain grower, ushered in a bumper harvest of 2,100 mu of wheat. Measured results show that the yield of wheat per mu exceeds 1300 catties. Before the wheat was sown, Qiu Shouxian signed a contract with the flour enterprise to sow all the high-quality varieties needed by the market. After the wheat is harvested, it is weighed and pulled from the ground to the processing plant by the flour mill.
Li Jun, director of the Grain Crops Division of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Henan Province, said that Henan has continuously optimized and adjusted the wheat structure in recent years, and this year the province's high-quality special wheat has developed to 13.5 million mu, with an order rate of more than 90%, and the structure of strong gluten and weak gluten wheat is more reasonable and more suitable for market demand.
The demand for agricultural product varieties, quality and safety has continued to increase, and farmers in major grain-producing provinces are constantly adjusting the structure of agricultural products according to the new market demand and expanding the cultivation of green and high-quality rice, soybeans and wheat.
Say goodbye to "harvesting the sky"
Sun Bin (left), a major grain grower in Lishu Township, Huanan County, Heilongjiang Province, inspects the growth of breeding rice in the greenhouse of the Rice Molecular Breeding R&D Center in Huanan County,2019. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianwei
On May 7, at the Kangda Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative in Lishu County, Siping City, Jilin Province, farmers commissioned no-till seeders. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan
Farmers plant seedlings in a rice field in Shangguandi Village, Bohai Township, Ning'an City, Heilongjiang Province, on May 22. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianwei
In the high-standard farmland water and fertilizer integration demonstration field in Xinshengdian Town, Xiajin County, Shandong Province, Li Qihe, secretary of the party branch of Dongfeng Village in the town, is learning to control the equipment with a mobile phone.
"With this equipment, even in dry weather, you can achieve a bumper harvest." Li Qihe said that in the past, farming was mainly based on "relying on the sky to eat," and agriculture's ability to resist risks was low; now with scientific and technological support, it is basically possible to achieve drought and flood protection.
Fields are square, canals are connected, drought can be watered, waterlogging can be drained... The construction of high-standard farmland is a major measure to achieve "hiding grain in the land and hiding grain in technology" and improving the ability to resist risks. By the end of 2020, China will ensure the construction of 800 million mu of high-standard farmland.
In the Central Plains, wheat ushered in a bumper harvest. Liu Tianhua, chairman of the Tianhua Planting Professional Cooperative in Shangshui County, Henan Province, said that this year's bumper harvest was not easy to come by, first the new crown pneumonia epidemic disrupted the rhythm of spring pipes, and then there was stripe rust, red mold disease, and drought. "Expert guidance on the prevention of pests and diseases, and automatic sprinkler irrigation equipment in the field have saved our harvest."
Improving the ability of agriculture to resist risks is inseparable from meteorological services. In April this year, there was cooling and heavy snowfall in many parts of Heilongjiang Province. After receiving meteorological information on his mobile phone, Sun Bin, a large grain grower in Lishu Township, Huanan County, promptly organized farmers to strengthen seedbed management. "Without accurate meteorological services, seedlings will be frozen, growth will be hindered, and disease resistance will be significantly reduced." Sun Bin said.
At present, the coverage rate of the agricultural meteorological service system in Heilongjiang Province has reached more than 90%, and 172,000 new agricultural business entities in the province can receive meteorological precision service information in a timely manner.
The continuous development of agricultural insurance has further enhanced farmers' ability to resist risks. Last year, Heilongjiang Province suffered from prolonged periods of low temperature, low sunshine and rainy weather. Li Yuegang, a grower at Zhao Guang Farm in Heilongjiang Reclamation District, has planted more than 300 mu of soybeans, with an average yield of only more than 200 catties per mu.
Traditional agricultural disaster insurance will not be reimbursed for this yield. In recent years, Zhao Guang Farm has carried out the pilot project of "insurance + futures". Li Yuegang is one of the insured farmers, and last year he received a claim of more than 50 yuan per mu of soybeans.
Tang Qijun, deputy general manager of South China Futures Co., Ltd., said that the "insurance + futures" model avoids the risk of income reduction caused by factors such as yield, price and disaster that farmers are most worried about, and enhances farmers' ability to resist risks, and will gradually expand the pilot area in the future.
Pick a good "golden flat burden"
Farmers plant seedlings in a rice field in Shangguandi Village, Bohai Township, Ning'an City, Heilongjiang Province, On May 22, drone photo). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Wang Jianwei
Farmers drive no-till planters to sow corn in Lishu County, Siping City, Jilin Province, on May 7. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Nan
Improving the level of agricultural modernization is inseparable from mechanization. In Yushu City, Jilin Province, which is known as the "world's first granary", large-scale intelligent agricultural machinery provides a solid guarantee for agricultural production.
A few days ago, the Tianyu Mechanical Planting Professional Cooperative in Guanglong Village, Wukeshu Town, Yushu City, completed the sowing of nearly 15,000 mu of arable land. This year, the cooperative added two new large no-till planters, more than doubling the efficiency of farming.
"A large no-till planter can top about 100 people." Cong Jian, head of the cooperative, said the two large planters used 220 horsepower tractors to pull operations and could sow 1,500 acres a day. This year, the comprehensive mechanization rate of cultivation and harvesting of major crops in Jilin Province will exceed 90%.
From the traditional "pickaxe and sickle" to the intelligent "Jinge iron horse", the level of mechanization and intelligence has been continuously improved, so that the farmers' "golden flat burden" is getting better and better. Not long ago, in the rice field of Xinhua Farm in Heilongjiang Reclamation District, an unmanned intelligent rice transplanter turned and automatically aligned, and Sun Chao, a large local grain grower, personally felt the convenience and efficiency brought by smart agriculture.
Traditional high-speed rice transplanters generally require the cooperation of three people, one person controls the machine, and the other two people load seedlings. Sun Chao said that the unmanned intelligent rice transplanter saves a machine hand, which not only saves manpower, but also greatly improves the efficiency of rice transplanting.
Under the scorching sun, Anzhong Village, Xiaoyangying Town, Dengzhou City, Henan Province, is staging a "battle" of agricultural machinery. In the golden wheat fields, large harvesters are harvesting wheat, and balers are following to recover wheat straw. In hundreds of acres of contiguous wheat fields, "only agricultural machinery is seen and no one is seen."
Li Fu, a senior agronomist at the Dengzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center, said that when harvesting wheat by hand, a strong laborer can harvest up to 1 mu a day, while an ordinary harvester can harvest 100 mu of wheat a day. The level of agricultural mechanization has increased, the labor intensity has been greatly reduced, and the production efficiency and efficiency have been greatly improved.
In the modernization of agriculture, science and technology are of paramount importance. Bidding farewell to the traditional way of spraying pesticides to eliminate insects, many farmers in Miluo City, Hunan Province, a major grain-producing county on the shore of Dongting Lake, have embarked on a path of using science and technology to promote ecological planting. Walking into the thousand-acre rice planting base in Fanjiayuan Village, Quzici Town, Miluo City, more than 100 solar insecticidal lamps stand on the field like "guards", which is a new "secret weapon" added by the Miluo Zhonghui Breeding Professional Cooperative this year.
"With the use of green prevention and control technology, it does not cost money to light the lamp in the future, and there is no medicine for insecticide." Xu Defei, head of the cooperative, told reporters that the solar insecticidal lamp stores electricity during the day and lights up at night, and the pests in the field will be lured by the light to "throw themselves into the net" to achieve the purpose of saving costs and increasing efficiency. (Participating reporters: Song Xiaodong, Meng Hanqi, Xue Qinfeng, Zhang Zhilong, Zhou Nan)
At the ninth branch of the farm in Huangpan District, Henan Province, the agricultural machinery team prepares to enter the wheat field operation (drone photo taken on June 2). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jiannan
Harvesters work in wheat fields at the ninth branch of a farm in Huangpan District, Henan Province, June 2 (drone photo taken on June 2). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jiannan
Harvesters work in a wheat field in Zhangyao Village, Erlang Township, Xiping County, Henan Province, on May 26. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jiannan
Harvesters work in a wheat field in Zhangyao Village, Erlang Township, Xiping County, Henan Province, May 26, drone photo). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Jiannan