As we all know, the Song Dynasty Painting Academy flourished, and under the auspices of the art emperor Song Huizong, the famous Xuanhe Painting Academy was established, and a group of Danqing magic hands that can be said to be the best in the country were recruited with generous treatment. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the court also had the same painting academy as the Northern Song Dynasty, and famous artists were equally brilliant, such as Xia Gui, Li Tang, Liu Songnian, and Ma Yuan.
Ma Yuan is known as the corner of Ma, and the landscape painting is really very poetic, especially the far-reaching artistic conception, watching his paintings is definitely a great visual enjoyment.
"Hua Lantern Waiter Banquet Map", "Ta Ge Tu", "Hanjiang Fishing Boat Map", people who have a little understanding of the history of painting must know these works, they are Ma Yuan's representative works, not only the ink method is simple and vivid, but also the meaning is first-class.
However, As a Southern Song Dynasty painting academy, Ma Yuan actually has many works specially painted for the court, such as the "Hua Lantern Waiter Banquet Map", which depicts the scene of the night banquet of the Southern Song Dynasty court.
A characteristic of court painting in the Southern Song Dynasty is "painting according to poetry", that is, the so-called "propositional poetry painting", that is, there is poetry first, and then painting. For example, it is equivalent to Party A first giving a copywriter, and then Party B then making a video according to the copywriting.
Ma Yuan's representative works in the "Propositional Poetry and Painting", nominated here for the "Song Emperor Proposition Book", the name is very direct to name who is Party A.
Ma Yuan successively served as two generations of emperors, Song Guangzong and Song Ningzong, and the Song Emperor in the Song Emperor Proposition Book was Song Ningzong Zhao Kuo.
Regarding the background of this painting, it is generally believed that Zhao Kuo lost his power after the failure of the Song and Jin "Kaixi Northern Expedition", and had no choice but to divert his attention and began to linger in the landscape, and finally ordered Ma Yuan to make ten exquisite landscape paintings.
There are ten paintings in the "Book of Propositions of the Song Emperor", each of which is in the form of a left text and a right picture, which is the "pair of poetry paintings". In general, the poems in such poems and paintings are either poems created by the empress herself or excerpted from the poems of her predecessors. The "Book of Propositions of the Song Emperor" belongs to the latter one, and the ten poems in it are taken from the poems of Yang Wanli, Wang Anshi, Song Huizong and others, but this word was written by Song Ningzong, anyway, it can be regarded as a creation by him.
Because they write poems first and paint later, these paintings have a very high adaptability in the theme.
First: the poem is from Yang Wanli's "Lingyun"
The good mountain is blessed to be from the green mantle, and the light cloud must be protected by the shallow lan.
The Heavenly Daughter seems to be skinny and skinny, making a spring shirt for sewing fog.
Draw a white-clad scribe sitting under the pine and watching the distant mountains and clouds.
Second: The poem is from Chen Youyi's "Guan Xue"
The former realm of Wuzhuan is new, and Qionglou Yuyu is always dust-free.
When the door opens and the staff moves, I am a rich man on earth.
Several buildings in the painting stand in the forest, and a pair of master and servant can still be seen in the nearer building, and if you look closely, you can see that the master is watching the scenery with a cane.
Third: The poem is from Wang Anshi's "Miscellaneous Songs five songs · one"
The light rain is xiao xiao moist water pavilion, and the flower wind breaks the duckweed.
Watch the flowers and listen to the bamboo heart, and wake up drunk in the sound of the wind and bamboo.
This scene is very cool and comfortable, the white-clad scribe is lying in the small pavilion, watching the lotus and listening to the rain, Ma Yuan's brushstrokes are very real and delicate, from the degree of bending of the water grass, lotus stems and bamboo, you can imagine that the wind must be very strong at this time.
Fourth: The poem is from Li Shi's "Fan Poem"
Gold sits in the red, the wind moves the lotus flowers and the wind moves.
Nose view of the floating incense who understands, the night of the princess berth the Crystal Palace.
This painting is really beautiful, from a large perspective overlooking, painting lotus flowers floating 'ten thousand miles', the river bank towering trees full of greenery, and then there are distant mountains in the past, the scenery is quite pleasant.
Fifth: The poem is from Shao Yong's "And Wang Zhifu Si Xun See Gift"
Not only a thousand years and ten thousand years, the years of Han Songgui alone are still there.
If there is no Yangzi Tianren Learning, An has Zhuang Sheng's internal and external chapters.
This is a tribute poem, so there are 'friends' other than the master and servant, and in order to fit the poetry, they are also painted with lush pines.
Sixth: The poem is from The Words of the Erjia Palace of Emperor Huizong of Song
The ice on the surface of the pool is open and green waves, and the branches and flowers are red.
Dongfeng letter has yang and intentions, and should be happy this year.
This is the palace word of Emperor Huizong of Song, so the picture scene is more skillful and has the feeling of a palace view. In the painting, the white-clad scribe stands by the pool to enjoy the scenery - the boy who always holds things is already holding the piano for the second time, which shows that the piano is still the standard of elegant literati.
Seventh: The poem is from Yang Wanli's "Late Climbing and Watching yuetai mountain"
The twilight mountain is as faint as thick, and the smoke blows one or two times before the mountain.
The back of the mountain will be Xia Wan, raw red brocade barrier Qingfeng.
Yuetai Mountain, Guangzhou Yuexiu Mountain, where Yang Wanli climbed the mountain to enjoy the red sunset, and Ma Yuan put this poetry into the painting, the mountains are surrounded by clouds, and there is a red sunset behind the mountain.
Eight: The poem is from Song Qi's "Da Chun"
The dry root companion god, more than 8,000 years old is for spring.
Since the number of people knows, ask the people in Danxia Cave.
The boy is actually missing, may be the need of the plot, the need for the master to personally "ask the people in the Danxia Cave", Ma Yuan painted it meticulously and interestingly, this "Danxia Cave Man" is still quite mountainous, and the ancient wood in front of the near and far is very prominent in the field of vision.
The ninth: The poem is from Fan Chengda's "In the Road of Huanxi"
It is proposed to tie the flat boat to the cliff, and the peach red willow smoke on the shore.
Watch the mountains and see the water until the moon is bright, and listen to the fisherman play the piccolo.
In fact, Fan Chengda's original poem is "Ande flat boat tied to the cliff, lying down to listen to the fishing boy play the piccolo." Get the water to see the mountain to the moon, and the pedestrians do not know each other. "There have probably been changes here.
In the painting, a beautiful spring hazy scene in Jiangnan, peach red willow green, rafting on the creek, is really very comfortable, so comfortable that the white-clad owners have formed a line on the boat.
Tenth: The poem is from Song Huizong's "ErjiaGongZi"
The smoke is quiet and the clouds are dewy, and the day is long when people are trapped in apricot blossoms.
The swing is idle leaning on the terrace to watch, and there is no wind and color hanging down all day.
In the painting, the white-clad owner stands on a tall building overlooking the scenery, and the boy stands quietly with a fan. Related to Emperor Huizong, this architectural scenery is naturally very courtly.
The above is the content of Ma Yuan's ten "Propositions of the Song Emperor", because it was painted for Song Ningzong, and a white-clothed scribe appeared from the beginning to the end of the painting, so the person in the painting is believed to be Song Ningzong himself, and the scenery in the painting is taken from the scenery around The West Lake in Lin'an, Jiangnan.
The composition of these ten paintings is simple, all of which are carefully depicted in a corner of the landscape and water scenery, and contain a large amount of blank space, which is Ma Yuan's famous one-corner composition.
The distant mountains are hazy, the clouds are misty, the exquisite architecture and the ethereal and soft landscapes not only reflect the leisure and elegance of the Song people, but also fully demonstrate Ma Yuan's exquisite and mature painting skills. Mr. Qi Gong once praised it as "consistent with the poetry inscribed by the Song Emperor, which proves that this volume may be the only remaining calligraphy and painting album that still maintains the original order of the Southern Song Dynasty, which is unparalleled in the world." ”