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Origin Vocabulary:
Lick
[ tiàn tān ]
Detailed explanation
Spit out your tongue.
Qing Li Yan "Jin Shou Men have a dog name Xiao Que to give a long song": "Like licking Dan Ding heavy and dishes, jacaranda under the Yao grass." ”
<h1>Li Yan</h1>
Li Yan (1692 - 1752), also known as Taihong, also spelled Xiongfei, Fan Xie, Nanhu Huayin, etc., was a native of Qiantang (present-day Hangzhou, Zhejiang), a famous poet and scholar of the Qing Dynasty, and a backbone figure of the Zhejiang Western Poetry School.
In the fifty-ninth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1720), when Li Fu presided over the township examination in Zhejiang, he saw Li Hu's examination paper and greatly appreciated it. Li Yan was selected in the examination that year. After entering Beijing, he was appreciated for his poetry by Tang Youzeng, but he failed to pass the entrance examination. In the first year of Qianlong (1736), he was recommended by Cheng Yuanzhang, the inspector of Zhejiang, to take the "Erudite Hongzi" examination. Because during the examination process, the "Treatise" was mistakenly placed in front of the "Poem", and it was again named Sun Shan for not conforming to the program. Since then, he has not been able to do so for the rest of his life.
Li Hu has a very high attainment in words, and is a representative of the middle period of the Zhejiang Western Word School. On the issue of the lexicography, he admired the Southern Sect of Song Ci, headed by Jiang Kui, Zhang Yan, and others, and belittled the Northern Sect of Xin Andersons. Li Yan used "Qing" and "Ya" as the criteria for the quality of words. He advocated that in terms of artistic characteristics, words should be quiet and clear, gentle and cold; in terms of the meaning of the work, words should moderately express the author's pure emotions and send high aspirations without vulgarity. His "Wonderful Good Words" co-edited with Zha Weiren became the most influential work in promoting southern Song Dynasty words after Zhu Yizun's "Word Synthesis". In addition, Li Yan is also good at writing poetry, especially five-word poems. He is on a par with Hang Shijun, and is described in the Biography of a Scholar of the Qing Dynasty as follows: "For the poetry is deep and steep, cutting off the flow of the crowd, and distinguishing itself from outside the xincheng (Wang Shizhen) and Xiushui (Zhu Yizun)." "Li Yan read and searched for curiosity, hooked deep and picked up differences, especially familiar with the palm of the Song and Yuan dynasties.
He is the author of "Fan Xie Shanfang Collection", "Song Poetry Chronicle", "Liao History Collection", "Dongcheng Miscellaneous Records", "Southern Song Dynasty Miscellaneous Poems" and other books. Among them, the book "Miscellaneous Poems of the Southern Song Dynasty" is annotated by various books and quoted Haobo, which is valued by those who examine history.
Li Yan
Biography
Early life
Li Was born on the second day of the first month of May in the 31st year of the Kangxi Dynasty (June 16, 1692) and died on September 11, 1752 (October 17, 1752) of the 17th year of Qianlong. He lived in Cixi, Zhejiang Province, and later moved to Qiantang. Grandfather Dajun, Father Wizard, are all cloth clothes. He ranked second, Brother Shitai, Disciple Mountain. When he was a teenager, his father had died, the family was poor, and the whole family lived by selling tobacco leaves in Shitai. Forced by family life, he was almost sent to the temple by Shitai, and then he insisted on not leaving home.
Be intellectually motivated
Although life is hard, Li Yan's curiosity is very strong. He worked hard and "read for several years, that is, to learn poetry, with good sentences." Later, he dabbled extensively, "peeping at everything in books, and using all the results in poetry." When he was weak, he traveled from Hangke'an, and The son of Ke'an, Shijun, was 4 years younger than him. He calls Kao-an a gentleman and becomes a close friend of Se-jun. He has a reclusive personality and does not understand the world, but he loves to travel. Every "in the face of a victorious situation, it will rise with a drum, and the foot will be involved, and it will be all eyes, all eyes will see, and all hearts will be known." The landscapes of Jiangsu and Zhejiang inspired his heroic poetry; the charming scenery enriched his wonderful imagination. In the embrace of nature, this poor son quickly grew into a poet.
The young poet seems to be dissatisfied with the social reality and powerless. He felt that "instead of being a blank eye to see people, it is better to ask the blue sky and scratch his head", so he imitated the poetry of the ancients and borrowed the chant of the immortals to express his wandering thoughts and feelings. In the forty-ninth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1712), Li Hu wrote the "You Xian Bai Yong", and soon wrote the "Continuation Of the Xian Bai Yong". These two wandering immortal chants are fresh and ethereal, but the poet still feels that the words are still not finished. Fifty-second year (1713), he wrote "Re-traveling Immortal Hundred Songs", "borrowing Wenhan as a traveler, it can really be described as the talent of a famous scholar, the true color of a very immortal", which was praised by his friends. He himself was complacent: "Xi Xie Yi composed three hundred butterfly poems, and people called xie butterflies." Whoever knows me in the world will be a powerful immortal? ”
Teach students
Fifty-three years later (1714), Li Hu was hired to come to Wang Sheting's house and teach the two children of the Wang family in Tingyulou: Wang Pu and Wang Xun. Here, he was treated with courtesy and well taken care of, eating and living. The Wang family has strict requirements for children, and Li Yan also does his utmost to fulfill the responsibilities of teachers and earnestly teaches. From fifty-three to fifty-seven years (1718), he served as a teacher in the Wang family. Under his teaching, Wang Pu and Wang Xun made great progress in their studies. In particular, Wang Xun later became a celebrity and was always grateful to his mentor.
Become an official in the examination
In the fifty-ninth year (1720), Li Yan took the township examination, and the examiner was Li Fu, a cabinet scholar. During the test, Li Fu saw his examination paper, read the thank you table he wrote, and sighed: "This must be a poet too!" "Immediate admission. After the middle move, Li Hu boarded the boat and went north, preparing to participate in the Beijing Examination. At this time, he was less than 30 years old, and it was the first time he had entered the capital, and his excitement could be imagined. Along the way, he wrote more than 10 poems. However, his interest in sightseeing along the way seems to be stronger than the hope of trying Chinese style. In the poem "Feeling Nostalgic in the Snow of Guangling Yulou", he wrote: "Sink into the lord of the house, and wander the wanderer." Ordinary life is indifferent, and glory is not a hobby. Laughing and laughing, mingfa is difficult to give up. I'm here to empty the sac and turn it over. Because he is poor at home, he is still high-minded. The bundle of books is finely covered, and the floral fragrance breaks the nose. The paper cabinet is not much wide, and the back space is flying dust. Therefore, ask the old garden, the South Lake is troubled to send words. ”
In the capital, Li Yan's poems were appreciated by the attendant Tang Youzeng. When Li Yanchun reported the news, Right Zeng was diligent in making wine, packing up the bed, and sending someone to greet Li Yan to his home. After Li Yan received the letter, he did not resign. The next day, when the right man greeted him, he was already gone. "The speaker obeys the sergeant, and the sage Fan Xie is not familiar with the people." On the way home, Li Yan wrote a poem and sighed: "In the past, the pavilion road was only like the beginning." Shame on the Lord Father, Hugh on the Book of Retreat. Willow whisks the pond swallow, and the river frightens the stingrays. There is no need to be sad about Chu Yu, and the shadow is remembered. ”
Make friends with literati
After returning to his hometown, Li Yan became more enthusiastic about traveling to poetry. With the spread of the poem's title, he became friends with more literati, and was very close to Zhou Jing, Jin Zhizhang, Fu Zeng, and Jin Nong, often working together as a writing meeting and giving poetry for fun. Yangzhou salt merchants Ma Yuezhen and Ma Yuelu brothers Jia Erhaoru, "with ancient books, friends, landscapes as a habit", the family collection is extremely rich. Literati and celebrities came to visit one after another, and Li Yan also visited each other every year and became a regular visitor to the Ma family. In the Ma's Little Linglong Mountain Pavilion, he discussed it recklessly and read a large number of books. He married Zhejiang poets such as the Ma Brothers and Hang Shijun as the Hanjiang Yin Society, singing and cutting, "Chanting without a False Day". During the Yongzheng period, Quan Zuwang passed through Hangzhou, made friends with Li Yan and Hang Shijun, and became friends of the poetry club. Together, they discussed the history of the scriptures, examined the past, and wrote poems and songs. From the last year of the Kangxi Dynasty to the beginning of the Yongzheng Dynasty, Li Hu wrote 8 volumes of the Southern Song Dynasty Painting Records, 4 volumes of Qiulin Qinya, 2 volumes of Dongcheng Miscellaneous Records, and 1 volume of "Lake Boat Records", and together with Shen Jiaru, Wu Zhuo, Chen Zhiguang, Fu Zeng, Zhao Yu, and Zhao Xin, he co-authored 7 volumes of "Miscellaneous Poems of the Southern Song Dynasty".
In the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731), Li Weifeng, the governor of Zhejiang, revised the "Zhejiang Tongzhi". Li Yan, Hang Shijun and 28 other people were hired as sub-cultivators. With the efforts of Li Yan, Hang Shijun and other sub-cultivators, the "Zhejiang Tongzhi" "began to cut the manuscript in the second year of Yue, and another year of cutting the manuscript."
Fall again
In the first year of Qianlong (1736), Cheng Yuanzhang, the governor of Zhejiang, recommended 18 erudite Hongzi people, and Li Yan and Hang Shijun were listed among them. However, Li Yan had no intention of taking the test. Quan Zuwang specially wrote a letter of persuasion from Kyoshi, hoping that he would "be encouraged by the emperors of Yauura". At the advice of his friends, Li Hu went to Beijing again. Among the recruits, Li Yan's poetics is outstanding. As Hang Shijun said: "Among the Kezheng soldiers, the three Wu Shiyou are the best in the world." The poetry of Taihong, the ancient text of Childish Wei, the examination of Shaoyi wearing holes, and the modern era are rare. Unfortunately, in the examination, Li Hu mistakenly wrote the treatise in front of the poem and fell behind again. His friends all sighed for this, but he said lightly: "I have no eunuchs, and now I have a lazy nature, and I will serve my old relatives with water. ”
Poor and dead
After Li Osprey returned to his hometown, he was poor and sick because he had no cure for life. In the summer of the second year of Qianlong (1737), he coughed and gasped, and gradually recovered through the autumn. Five years later (1740), he moved to the East Side and suffered from another foot disease. In the old days, although the literati had a difficult life, they still had concubines. In the sixth year (1741), Aiji Zhu Manniang fell ill, and Li Yandian paid for the medicine, but finally due to the ineffectiveness of treatment, it was postponed to the seventh year (1742) of the first month of death. Later, Li Yan's body became weaker and weaker, and he was constantly tormented by lung diseases, toothaches and other diseases. During this period, his life was barely sustained by gifts and subsidies from friends. Because of his old age and childlessness, Ma Yuezhen funded him to take a concubine Liu Ji again. However, Liu Ji was uneasy about poverty and soon left him.
In his later years, although he was poor and sick, his writing of books and lectures reached a climax. He was inspired by the briefness of the "History of Liao", collected more than 300 kinds of books, and wrote the 24 volumes of "Liao History Collection". This book has annotations and supplements, taking the old history as the outline, and referring to his book, the article is listed below. Where there are similarities and differences, they are analyzed and examined, and they are used according to the language. He often compares himself to Pei Song's "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". He also took advantage of the large number of Song anthologies he saw in the Xiaolinglong Mountain Pavilion, and wrote the 100 volumes of the Chronicle of Song Poetry by quoting books such as poetry, sayings, mountain classics, and haizhi.
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![Li Yan's twenty-five poems are worth reading![fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)