Editor's note: Heaven and earth are heroic, and qianqiu is still awe-inspiring. Heroic martyrs are the indomitable backbone and soul of a nation, the carrier and embodiment of a nation's spirit, and the most shining coordinates and history of a nation. Don't forget your original intention, you have to be consistent. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, in order to deepen the "four histories" education, remember the heroic deeds, carry forward the heroic spirit, and inherit the red gene, the Sichuan Provincial Local Volunteer Office launched a "Bashu Heroic Martyrs" essay, and successively published a special column on "Bashu Heroic Martyrs" in Fangzhi Sichuan, in order to educate and encourage the sons and daughters of Bashu to remember the heroic martyrs, not forget history, inspire fighting spirit, work hard, and strive to be strong, and strive to start a new journey of comprehensively building socialist modernization in Sichuan and pushing the rule of Shu and Xingchuan to a new level.
"Fearing that the reactionaries will open fire on our brothers at the same time"
——Two business cards related to the martyrs of the Twelve Bridges in Chengdu
China Railway Long Engineering Group Literature and History Interest Group
the victory of the Chinese people's revolution and national liberation has condensed the blood and lives of countless people with lofty ideals. The peaceful liberation of Chengdu is no exception. Just about twenty days before the peaceful liberation of Chengdu, the Kuomintang secret service created the Twelve Bridges Massacre and killed 35 Communist Party members, progressives, and patriotic young students on two occasions. Among those killed were young students who had recently joined the revolution, as well as veteran revolutionaries who had fought for the cause of the people's revolution for more than twenty years. They sacrificed themselves at a time when the Central People's Government had been established, the People's Liberation Army soldiers were approaching the city, and the southwest was about to be liberated. They are revolutionary martyrs who deserve to be remembered for a long time by future generations.
The two business cards in the collection of the China Railway Long Archives are related to two of the martyrs.
1. Chengdu Twelve Bridges Martyr Yu Yuan's business card
Yu Yuan (1895-1949), a native of Shehong County (now Shehong City), Sichuan Province, also known as Yu Guangzao, Zi Bangqi, was born in the army, graduated from the first phase of Luzhou Daowutang, joined the Sichuan Army in his early years, and successively served as regimental commander, brigade commander and other important positions. In 1926, in the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" massacre in Wanxian County, which shocked China and foreign countries, Yu Yuan led his troops to resist the Attempt to Seize the British Warship by Force, and became famous at home and abroad, and was praised by the Shanghai "Declaration" as "the first patriotic hero of the Chinese soldiers to go to war against the outside world since the Republic of China." In the same year, Yu Yuan joined the Communist Party of China and was expelled from the communist party in 1930 for not being able to implement the left-leaning blind activism line. Despite this, Yu Yuan's heart for revolution, his original intention did not change, he has been actively participating in progressive activities, and joined the Democratic League in 1942 and served as a member of the Sichuan branch of the Democratic League. On June 1, 1947, Yu Yuan was arrested in Chengdu for engaging in underground communist activities, and on the night of December 7, 1949, he was secretly killed at the Twelve Bridges outside the West Gate of Chengdu. At that time, the outside world did not know that Yu Yuan was killed, and on December 20, 1949, the enlarged meeting of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Democratic League of China would also be elected by Yu Yuan as a member of the Central Committee of the Democratic League.
This business card was used by Yu Yuan in the late 1920s when he was a brigade commander in the Yang Sen Department of the Sichuan Army.
Second, Chengdu Twelve Bridges martyr Zhang Da grew up brother Zhang Wen famous film
This business card written by Zhang Wen was brought to Zhang Zhihe, the leader of the Sichuan Provincial Democratic League, by Zhang Wenzhuo. The front handwriting: "Mr. Zhihe Mr. Zito Yukko came to talk with Mr. Zhihe to talk with Mr. Yu Yuke and prayed for seeing him in anticipation" "Houxue Zhang Wen wrote on December 30, 2017", and the handwriting on the back: "After the martyrdom of Dacheng Dachang, he will not return to China for the time being" "Fear of reactionaries will open a knife on our brothers at the same time."
Zhang Wenshu, an underground member of the Communist Party of China, the elder brother of Zhang Dacheng, a martyr of the Twelve Bridges in Chengdu, and Zhang Dachang, a backbone cadre of the Democratic League, was then the leader of the seventh detachment of the "Minjiang Column" (an underground armed force established by the PROVISIONAL WORKING Committee of the CPC Chuankangbian in the areas of Wen, Pi, Guan, and Chong(Ning), and was responsible for the work of receiving the uprising, maintaining public order, protecting highways and bridges, carrying out the struggle against grain and rent, and welcoming the takeover of the People's Liberation Army in the area of Pi County (now Pidu District, Chengdu).
"Dacheng" refers to Zhang Dacheng (1920-1949), an underground member of the Communist Party of China, who was admitted to Sichuan University in 1944 and was in the same class as the famous revolutionary martyr Jiang Zhujun. In the summer of 1949, the party organization arranged for Zhang Dacheng and Ma Xilu to teach at Guanxian Middle School together, and determined that Guanxian Middle School was the reception point for receiving party members between Chengdu and Guanxian. On October 12, 1949, Zhang Dacheng was arrested by the Guanxian Special Committee and imprisoned in the Chengdu General Yamen Sichuan Provincial Special Committee Prison. Zhang Dacheng was indomitable and unyielding in prison, and was killed on the night of December 7 at the Twelve Bridges in Chengdu.
"Dachang" refers to Zhang Dachang, who was in Chongqing at the time. He was a backbone of the NLD, arrested in 1947 for his underground work in the party, imprisoned in Chongqing's "Zha Di Dong", and released at the end of March 1949 on the eve of the Kuomintang-Communist peace talks.
"Yu Hanke" is a member of the NLD.
Zhang Wen's famous film message was published on December 30, 1949. At this time, Chengdu had been peacefully liberated, and on December 30, He Long led the People's Liberation Army into the urban area of Chengdu, but the social order in Chengdu was still relatively chaotic, and the remnants of the Kuomintang who resisted were still arrogant. Although the Kuomintang county government of the Zhang brothers' hometown of Pi County declared an uprising on December 25, the People's Liberation Army had not yet officially taken over (on January 4, 1950, the Pi County Military Control Commission was established to take over power). For the sake of prudence, Zhang Wen entrusted Zhang Zhihe to tell Zhang Dachang in Chongqing not to return to his hometown in the near future, so as not to be assassinated.