Well, in the Jin Dynasty, no one could shake the three families of Han, Zhao, and Wei. After the three families defeated the Zhi clan, it took several decades for the monarchs of the three families to officially become princes.
First of all, let's talk about the Zhao family, the name of the first prince of the Zhao family is Zhao Yuan, which is the Zhao book in the opening chapter of the Zizhi Tongjian, "At the beginning, the Jin Dynasty Doctor Wei Si, Zhao Yuan, and Han Qian were appointed as princes". According to the history books, Zhao Xiangzi, who defeated the Zhi clan and laid the foundation of the Zhao family in the previous text, was grumpy that his brother, Bolu, did not inherit the Zhao family. Although Zhao Xiangzi had five sons, he refused to pass on to them the position of head of the Zhao family, but chose his brother's son as his heir. In the early years, Zhao Xiangzi enfeoffed his brother's son in the place of Dai, which is near today's Datong, Shanxi, and the border between Hebei and Shanxi, and was called "Dai Chengjun". Unfortunately, Dai Chengjun did not wait for the succession, so he died before Zhao Xiangzi, so Zhao Xiangzi chose Dai Chengjun's son, and Zhao Huan was the heir. After Zhao Xiangzi's death, Zhao Huan, who was supposed to be Zhao Huan's nephew and grandson, succeeded him as the head of the family, but Zhao Xiangzi's younger brother Zhao Huanzi ousted Zhao Huan from the position of head of the family and became the head of the Zhao family himself. This is obviously not in line with Xiangzi's original intention. Huanzi still had his prestige, and after he expelled Zhao Huan, he still served as the head of the house for a year, but huanzi died in just one year. I think it is possible that Zhao Huan is old, after all, he is Zhao Xiangzi's younger brother. Therefore, the courtiers of the Zhao family discussed that Huanzi's succession to the throne was not originally the lord of Xiangzi, that is, the original intention of Xiangzi, and huanzi's descendants could not be allowed to continue to be the lord of the family. So the Zhao people killed Huanzi's son, welcomed Zhao Huan back, and continued to be the head of the family, that is, Zhao Xianzi. Zhao Xianzi is Zhao Yuan's father.
The first monarch of the Zhao kingdom was Zhao Yuan, and now we will explain it here. Let's talk about the first monarch of the State of Wei, Wei Si. Wei Si was the grandson of Wei Huanzi in the Great War of Annihilation, that is, Wei Wenhou. Wei Wenhou was a majestic monarch, and during his reign, he appointed talents and expanded the territory, so that the cause of the State of Wei ranked among the forefront of the princely states in a short period of time.
On the side of Wen Chen, he worshipped ZiXia and Tian Zifang as his teachers. Now let's talk about these two people. Zixia, that is, Bu Shang, so it is also called Bu Zi Xia. He was the proud protégé of Confucius and was one of the "Ten Philosophies of Confucius". The biggest difference between Zi Xia and the other disciples of Confucius was that he did not stick to the existing rituals at that time. The Analects. There is a wonderful dialogue between him and Confucius in the Eight Nobles, which is very illustrative of Zixia's political ideas. Zi Xia asked: Qiao smiled and looked forward to it, and she always thought it was gorgeous. What is also? Zi Yue: Paint the aftermath. A: After the ceremony? Zi Yue: The giver, the shang, can only be associated with the words and poems. Shang, that is, Bu Shang, that is, Zi Xia. The meaning of this passage is that Zixia asks: beautiful smile, dimples moving slightly; beautiful eyes, black and white conveying god; on white paper, depicted brilliantly, what does this mean? Confucius replied: You must first have a good foundation before you can paint on it. Zi Xia immediately said: Then is the ceremony also in the back? Confucius said: It is you who inspire me! Now I can talk to you about poetry. We know that Confucius's views and his lifelong political ideas were "self-denial and retribution", and this "ritual" does not refer to what we now call politeness, but to the Western Zhou "Zhou Ritual", a strict system of etiquette. However, whether the social situation in the Confucius period is still possible to restore the "Zhou Li", the answer to the question seems to be clear to people now. But Confucius, who was in the midst of it, was obsessed with the revival of the "Zhou Li". We do not discuss whether Confucius's idea is correct, here, Zixia seems to perceive something, as a student of Confucius, different from the "rotten wood can not be carved" in Confucius's mouth, he euphemistically suggested to Confucius: Just like painting must have a good foundation, then the revival of Lile must also have a good foundation? - "After the ceremony?" "Compared with the blunt confrontation with Confucius's slaughter, Zixia gave Confucius a heuristic guide, which cannot but say that Zixia is indeed a great figure. From this, we can see that Zixia is actually a "reformer" in Kongmen, and Zixia, as a reformer, eventually became Wei Wenhou's teacher, and it is indeed a natural thing.
Let's talk about Tian Zifang again. Tian Zifang was a Native of Wei, who worshiped Confucius's protégé and was also a teacher of Zigong, one of the "Ten Philosophers of Confucius". Zi Xia's sense of reform was in harmony with Wei Wenhou, and Tian Zifang repeatedly made useful suggestions to Wei Wenhou in terms of the moral qualities of renjun. The history books record that once, Tian Zifang attended Wei Wenhou's banquet, and at the banquet, Wei Wenhou, who was already a little drunk, heard the music played by the chimes and said: Is the bell sound not comparable? Left high. That is, the tone of the bell is not tuned, right? Left pitch up. At this time, Tian Zifang suddenly laughed under the seat. Wen Hou asked him: Why are you laughing? Tian Zifang said: I have heard that the king should know the quality of officials, and should not care more about the quality of music, I am afraid that the king is so concerned about the level of music now, you do not care about the quality of talent! Wei Wenhou humbly obeyed Tian Zifang's advice.
On another occasion, Marquis Wenhou of Wei's son, later Marquis Wu of Wei, went out and met Tian Zifang. Zi Zhen was very polite, and immediately got out of the car and bowed down by the side of the road, saluting Tian Zifang. Tian Zifang ignored the prince of the State of Wei. So Zi Qi became angry and said to Tian Zifang: Do rich people have proud capital, or do poor people have proud capital? The implication is that I am a rich man, I have the capital of pride, you are a poor man, no. Tian Zifang said: Of course, the poor and lowly people have the capital of pride, how can the rich and noble be proud of others? Tian Zifang further explained: The proud of the monarch will lose the country, the proud of the doctor will lose his family property, and the poor and untouchable, the lord does not adopt my opinion, see I am not pleasing to the eye, I am gone, where is not a poor untouchable? In fact, what Tian Zifang said, in today's terms, is a "cost theory." Zi Jie understood Tian Zifang's meaning and immediately apologized to him.
Represented by Zixia and Tian Zifang, a large number of literary and martial talents such as Li Ke, Zhai Huang, Ren Zhao, Wu Qi, Le Yang, and Ximen Leopard gathered under Wen Hou's account, and in 406 BC, that is, three years before the beginning of this book, Wei Wen hou ordered Le Yang to attack Zhongshan and open up the territory of the Wei state; at the same time, Wen Hou mediated the dispute between Han and Zhao and established his prestige in the "international"; internally, he appointed Ximen Leopard to govern the land and develop the economy; he appointed Wu Qi to create "Wei Wu Pawn", repeatedly defeated the Qin state, occupied the land of Hexi, and "fought with the princes for seventy-six, The "Total Victory Sixty-Four" created a military myth of that era, and the founder of all this was None other than Wei Wenhou, Weiss.
With the hegemony of Wei Wenhou, Wu Qi and the entire Warring States chaos have entered our field of vision, and next time, we will focus on telling the story of Wu Qi and his aftermath, please continue to pay attention.