Hao surname, in 2017 "Hundred Family Names" ranked 71st, the population is larger, accounting for about 0.3% of the national Han population.
Hao surname totem surname is the Yandi Fire Wu Sunbird Totem Ofe YiLuo, for Hao, composed of three-legged Fire Wu, Fire and Yi. The black and the fire merge into red. The Red Emperor yi was Hao, and he had the surname of the land.
The origin of the surname
1. It comes from the surname of the son, and its ancestor is Emperor Yi.
According to legend, Qi was the ancestor of the Shang, who had helped Yu to control the water, and was appointed by Shun as a Situ, in charge of education, and lived in Shang (present-day Shangqiunan, Henan). According to legend, his mother gave birth to him by swallowing the eggs of a bird (swallow), so she was given the surname Ofzi.
The Shang clan continued to grow, and finally under the leadership of Sun Tang, the 14th generation of Qi, overthrew xia jie's rule and established the Shang Dynasty. According to the Tongzhi Clan Sketch and the Mingxian Clan Speech and Deeds Manuscript, when Emperor Yi of the 27th Dynasty ascended the throne, Yin Shang sealed his son Haoxiang in Taiyuan (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi), and his descendants also took the land as their clan and called hao.
It is said that Hao Township was near present-day Xixiao, Shaanxi, and was historically known as Hao Zhengzong. As for when Hao received his surname, according to relevant historical records, it was roughly after the Shang Dynasty was destroyed by the Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC). According to the custom at that time, some descendants of the sub-period were called Hao by the Di clan, and some were called shang by the history of the country, which was for the Hao clan of Shanxi or the Hao clan of Shaanxi.
Second, from the compound surname.
According to the "Book of Tang Dynasty and The Genealogy Table of Zai Chancellors", it is said that the Yandi Shennong clan was called hao bone clan, which was an assistant to Taihao (FuXi), and later the Hao clan may have originated from the Hao bone clan.
3. It is the surname of the ethnic minority in the ancient south.
According to the Old Book of Tang and the Biography of Nan man, the Southern Man of the Tang Dynasty had the surnames of Hao, Yang and Liu.
Migratory distribution
Hao is a multi-ethnic, multi-origin surname group, ranking 82nd in today's surname list, belonging to the large surname series, with a population of about 3.323 thousand, accounting for about 0.21% of the total population of the country.
The Hao surname, which began at the end of the Shang Dynasty, was passed down for more than a thousand years, and in the Han Dynasty, it was still based on the area around present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi.
At the time of the Qin and Han dynasties, the Hao people had gradually multiplied and migrated to other parts of Shanxi and nearby territories such as Shaanxi, Henan, and Hebei.
At the end of the Jin Dynasty, due to the transfer of official positions, a branch of the Hao surname migrated from Taiyuan to Danyang in Runzhou (present-day Xiaodanyang, northeast of Dangtu County, Anhui), and there was Hao Hui in the Seventh Dynasty, who served as Jiangxia Taishou in the Southern Dynasty Liang, and migrated from Danyang to Anlu (present-day Hubei).
During the two Jin Dynasties and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, although there was social turmoil, the Hao surname of Ju Shanxi was not greatly affected due to the special geographical location of Shanxi, but the Hao surname of Hebei was moved to Shandong to avoid war and chaos, and the Hao surname of Henan was moved to Anhui.
During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the society was stable, and the Hao surname multiplied and grew in the Jingzhao area of Shaanxi, and formed the second largest county in the history of the Hao surname, Jingzhao County. And there are those with the surname Hao who migrated to Hubei and Sichuan.
After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, Hao surnamed Hao moved south to Jiangnan, and Hao Zhang, a famous painter who lived in Fenzhou (present-day Fenyang, Shanxi), moved to Langzhou (present-day Langzhong, Sichuan) and settled down in the area to avoid war.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the distribution of hao surnames in various parts of the south became wider, and Hunan, Fujian and other provinces had hao surname figures recorded in history; At the same time, in the northeast of Liaoning and other provinces, there are also settlements with the surname Hao.
During the Qing Dynasty, hao surnames who lived in the northwest of Shanxi followed the trend of going to the west mouth, and there were those who moved to Inner Mongolia and Gansu; The Hao surname, who lives in Fujian, crossed the sea to Taiwan and then entered The South China Sea and Singapore and other places.
Today, the Hao surname is widely distributed throughout the country, especially in Henan, Shanxi, and Hebei provinces, where the Hao surname accounts for about 59% of the han Hao population.