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"A silhouette of the long history of the Miao people, a microcosm of a colorful society of the Miao people, and a picture of the splendid culture of the Miao people." 38 years ago, Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, prepared to build a Miao Museum, and Shen Congwen, a literary master who went out from Xiangxi, sent a message of evaluation.
Shanjiang Town has beautiful natural scenery and strong folk customs, which is the epitome of Miao history and the cradle of Miao culture. From today until August 3, all-media reporters from Hunan Daily walked into Shanjiang Town to unveil its mysterious veil.
(In the early morning of July 23, in Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, the cool lantern Miao Village under the sunrise and sunrise was beautiful and picturesque.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
Hunan Daily New Hunan client reporter Meng Jiaoyan
Walking into Lal Mountain, the continuous lofty mountains and mountains are located in countless mountain villages.
Located in Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, under the border wall of Miaojiang, the scenery is beautiful and picturesque. Between the mountains and rivers, there are strange folk customs. Folklorist evaluation: Shanjiang Miaozhai, the most typical Miao village in Western Hunan Province, is the epitome of Miao history, the cradle of Miao culture, and the window of Miao customs.
July 26, the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, is a traditional festival of the Miao people to pay tribute to the ancestor Xuan You. We rushed to Shanjiang Town to explore the legend of Miao wu culture in the depths of the mountains.
(On July 24, Fenghuang County, Shanjiang Town, Dongyi Village Miaozhai Traditional Ancient Village.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
Strange Folk Customs: Intangible Cultural Heritage
Laer Mountain, the ancestral mountain of the Miao people, has been the hinterland of the Miao people in the Border Area of Xiang, Qian, and Sichuan (Chongqing) since ancient times.
Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, is like a pearl, embedded in the southwest edge of the high mountain terrace of Lal Mountain.
Drive 20 kilometers north along the winding valley, all the way to the stone peaks of Kit Kat, lush forests, carrying the beauty of the idyllic scenery. In about half an hour, we came to Shanjiang Town.
Shanjiang, the Hmong language called 叭咕, means arid cave, was once called the toad cave by the Miao people. After the failure of the Qianjia Miaomin Uprising, the Qing government set up a general barracks here, and Shanjiang was also called the general barracks. After the founding of New China, it was renamed Asu Township, and later changed to Shanjiang Town to commemorate the successful construction of the Shanjiang Reservoir.
Shanjiang Town, the core area of China's Phoenix National Geopark, has a majestic Miaoling Mountains and Queer Gorges, and the Baogong Mountain of Fenghuangzu Mountain, with a maximum altitude of 1059.3 meters. The ingenious combination of nature's craftsmanship and the wisdom of the Miao people is a combination of natural scenery and historical sites inlaid in the crisscrossing canyon caves, the waterfalls and springs of the cliffs, and the cornices and corners of the bamboo forest.
(July 24, Miao ren valley scenic spot in Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Central Dynasty built the Miao Frontier Wall, now known as the "Great Wall of the South", and implemented a blockade policy outside the border wall, and the Miao people in the Shanjiang and Lal Shanhe reservoir areas outside the border wall were not registered and belonged to the people outside the border.
It is precisely for this reason that the wind and dust outside the mountains are blocked, the traditional culture and ecology of the mountains and rivers are completely preserved, and the cultural heritage of the Miao people is rich. Intangible cultural heritage such as Miao ancient songs, Miao encouragement, Miao costumes, Miao silver jewelry, Miao embroidery, Miao medicine, Miao April 8, And Miao June 6 are gathered here and densely distributed.
The four national traditional villages, such as LaojiaZhai, Liangdang, Huangmaoping and Zaogang, are simple and colorful, and the Miao characteristic houses are well preserved. People can still see traditional customs and techniques such as Miao martial arts, marriage and dowry, Miao cattle worship, fire ploughing, and climbing knife ladders here. Nowadays, tourists flock to the scene, and many tourists say after rushing to the side court that Shanjiang is the most lively nursery for the girls to sing.
(July 24, Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, Miao silver jewelry and costumes.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
"The Miaojiang of western Xiangxi is the base of the Miao people of Xiangyou to stick to the end", and Shanjiang Town was the ruling center of Long Yunfei, the last generation of Miao kings in western Hunan Province. Miao researcher Long Xiaofei said that the Shanjiang Miaozhai is the most typical Miaozhai in western Hunan Province, and when you go to the Shanjiang, you can see a historical outline of the Miao people.
(On July 24, the old village of Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, was greeted by Miao Drum.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
Inheritance miracle: Miao culture to the world
(On July 23, The traditional ancient village of Miaozhai in Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, was well preserved.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
White paper drawings, chiseled flower boards, carved patterns, fabric selection... The process is at ease. On the morning of July 26, in the Miao embroidery workshop in Shanjiang Town, Wu Siying, a 77-year-old embroidery girl, began a busy day of work as usual.
"Since I was 13 years old, I learned embroidery with my grandmother and grandmother, and now I am one of the more famous embroidery girls in the local area." Wu Siying is extremely modest. In fact, she is a master of Miao embroidery and a provincial inheritor of intangible cultural heritage of Miao embroidery, and there are 700 to 800 embroidery girls trained by her, of which nearly 40 are proud protégés.
Now the Phoenix Miao embroidery workshop and the Miao nationality training institute are getting bigger and bigger, the influence is getting farther and farther, the Miao embroidery made by Wu Siying is exported to Japan, South Korea, Europe and the United States, and a dress of hundred butterfly clothes can be sold for tens of thousands of yuan, and the supply is in short supply, and it is well received.
(On the evening of July 23, the "Miao Family Story" performance in Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, attracted tourists with traditional Miao customs and skills.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
Just as busy as Wu Siying is Long Wenyu, director of the China Miao Museum.
In 1982, Shanjiang Town prepared to build a Miao Museum, Shen Congwen sent a message: a long history of the Miao people, a microcosm of the miao colorful society, a picture of the splendid culture of the Miao people. He also wrote an inscription for it.
In 2002, the construction of the Shanjiang Miao Museum began, and Long Wenyu, a retired cadre of Xiangxi Prefecture, remodeled the former site of the Miao King's Mansion in Shanjiang Miao, built this private museum, and opened for business in October of the same year. In 2006, the Ministry of Culture named it the China Miao Museum.
At present, there are more than 10,000 pieces in the collection and more than 2,000 pieces on display. Nine exhibition halls, including "Ordinary Farmhouse", "Ancient Residence", "Solid People's Home", "Samurai House", "Costume Sketch", "Embroidered Woman's House", "Craftsman's Room", "Wizard's Cottage", "Literati Burrow", etc., display the colorful miao paintings of Miao compatriots in the performance of thousands of years.
(On July 24, in Shanjiang Town, Fenghuang County, the Miao sisters wore beautiful Miao silver jewelry and costumes.) Photo by Guo Liliang, chief reporter of Hunan Daily)
The museum is attached to the Miao Customs Garden, exhibiting Miao skills and Miao customs, and operating a number of Miao handicraft workshops such as Miao drum workshops, Miao embroidery workshops, Miao costume workshops, silver jewelry workshops, etc. Visitors can freely enter and exit the workshop, see the craft flow, and those who are interested can also participate in production activities.
As early as 2002, Shanjiang Town, which lives deep in MiaoJiang, began to take the lead in developing tourism, and in just 3 years, the bandit nest became a "daydream", and the town's tourism income jumped from 2 million yuan to 40 million yuan, creating a miracle of Miaozhai butterfly change.
With the prosperity of tourism, Miao culture is reviving, and traditional skills are protected and passed on in production. The inheritors of Miao culture also went out of the mountain gate and went to the world.
Long Wenyu said that he looks forward to the miracle of the phoenix nirvana of the mountain and river, so that the world can understand the Miao people and let the Miao culture influence the world.
【Source: New Hunan Client】
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