The "super bubble" sphere suspended in space flashes like the ghost of the star, the planetary nebula is a floating object that haunts the dark space, it is the most magical and seemingly supernatural celestial body in the universe, celestial artists regard it as a "beautiful ghost" or "ghostly beauty" pattern, celestial science fiction writers regard it as "Tomb Raider", only astronomers understand its "this life and the next life", the name of the planetary nebula actually has nothing to do with the planet, it is the remains left by dead stars.
Using a very large telescope in northern Chile, astronomers at The Southern Observatory of Europe captured the remains of a dead star named ESO 378-1 and took the clearest picture of a planetary nebula, which they nicknamed the stellar remains the "Southern Owl Nebula," a giant spherical object with a diameter of almost 4 light years that shone majestically in space. Nicknamed after its "cousin", astronomers previously named a nebula "Northern Hemisphere Owl Nebula". ESO 378-1 is included in the planetary nebula catalog under the canonical names PNK 1-22 and PN G283.6+25.3. ESO 378-1 is located in the constellation of Serpentosaurus (a constellation named after the female water snake) and, like other planetary nebulae, its life cycle is relatively short, lasting only tens of thousands of years, while the life cycle of a typical star is billions of years.
The dead star forms a planetary nebula through the eruption and diffusion of gaseous material, which is bright and attractive in the early stages of formation, and after its gaseous material drifts away and the center of the star can only emit a dim light, the "super bubble" globular nebula cluster will gradually dissipate. Planetary nebulae have certain conditions for formation, and the twilight star contains less than 8 times the mass of the Sun, and if an elderly star exceeds the limit of 8 times the mass of the Sun, then the star will end its life in the form of a supernova burst. When a star with less than 8 times the mass of the Sun is dying, it begins to shake off the shell of the star gas material, the escaped outer layer of the star gas forms a stellar wind, when most of the star's outer gas material dissipates, the remaining hot star core layer begins to emit ultraviolet radiation, strong ultraviolet radiation has an ionizing effect on the surrounding gaseous material, and the shell gas that spreads outward then emits a bright color of light, forming a beautiful and quiet landscape of "ghost light and shadow". Living stars bring light and warmth to people, and dead stars bring beauty and tenderness to people.
After the planetary nebula dissipates, the remaining stellar material can still burn for a billion years until all the fuel is consumed, at which point the star becomes an extremely small, very dense star— the white dwarf, which will slowly cool down over a period of billions of years. Our sun is no exception, and the "raging" sun will produce a planetary nebula in the next few billion years, after which the sun will consume all its fuel and become a faint white dwarf.
Planetary nebulae have played a key role in the evolution of the universe and the enrichment of chemical elements, such as: carbon, nitrogen and other heavy elements that are produced through the "elemental dreamworks" of stars and integrated into space under the pressure of planetary nebulae and stellar winds, and material elements are part of the interstellar medium, which prepares the material material for the formation of the next generation of stars, planets and living matter, and thus life on Earth is formed, as the famous astronomer Carl Sagan said, " We are the product of star-made." Materialist philosophy is consistent with the logic of scientific development, that stars, rather than a god, bring warmth to our bodies, bring the necessary energy to human production and life, and that the organic matter of our bodies also comes from the manufacture of stars. Observations of ESO 378-1 are available through the Science Archives of Europa Süd, which promotes and encourages a spirit of scientific sharing for public education and service purposes.
(Compiled: 2015-8-12)