<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="105" > a long march, a military miracle that shocked China and foreign countries</h1>
The Long March, a heroic epic unparalleled in human history. The people of the great heroes have created a glorious history and created splendid rivers and mountains.
In this tortuous two-year process, the Communist Party of China led the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to forge ahead bravely, turning the Chinese revolution into a catastrophe and reborn nirvana.
Today's China's prosperity and strength, and the happiness of the people, cannot be separated from the Long March of that year.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > Why did the Red Army march? </h1>
Before talking about the Long March, we must understand why the Red Army did not fear hardships and carry out the Long March. The biggest reason was the failure of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign in the Central Soviet Region.
In September 1933, Chiang Kai-shek decided to adopt the policy of "advancing through fortresses and taking every step as a battalion" and organized a fifth encirclement and suppression campaign on a much larger scale than the previous four.
In order to win the final victory, 500,000 troops gathered in Lushan, launched military training, hired famous military experts to analyze the red army's combat habits, and prepared for a decisive life and death. On the other hand, a large amount of military funds were spent and a large number of arms were bought from neighboring countries.
After the start of the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, the Central Red Army had less than 100,000 men, and at the same time the financial and material resources of the Soviet Union were very limited.
Chiang Kai-shek gradually occupied many areas, and the situation was precarious. The "Left" leaders, on the other hand, denied the basic situation in which the enemy was strong and we were weak, and strongly advocated the strategy of "keeping the enemy out of the country," which led to the Red Army's complete strategic fall into a dangerous situation of passivity.
The Kuomintang took advantage of its superiority in troop strength to force the Red Army to retreat to Baishui and to build fortifications in Toubei. Subsequently, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized a large number of troops to Jiangxi to intensify the offensive, and the Red Army suffered heavy losses.
In order to free our army from the encirclement of the Kuomintang as soon as possible, in May 1934, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China began to brew and plan a strategic transfer, withdraw from the central revolutionary base area, and begin the Long March.
This strategic shift has turned the situation around and briefly broken the relatively stable strategic situation.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="60" > desperate Red Army</h1>
At the beginning of the Long March, the Central Red Army was full of momentum and achieved great victories, successfully breaking through the three blockade lines of the Kuomintang army. But when the fourth blockade line was broken across the Xiang River, the blood of the Red Army stained the entire Xiang River red, which caused heavy losses to a top-level regiment established on the eve of the Long March.
The 34th Division knew that this breakthrough would be difficult to succeed, so all the soldiers swore to hold this position to the death even if they ran out of ammunition, and at this time our Party's army had been reduced from 86,000 at the time of departure to 30,000, losing more than half of its troops and almost all its weight. After the Battle of xiangjiang, the local rumor was: "Don't drink the water of the Xiangjiang River for three years, and don't eat the fish of the Xiangjiang River for ten years."
This battle concerned the life and death of the Central Red Army, was the most severely damaged battle in the Red Army's Long March, and was even more the most magnificent and crucial war since the Red Army broke through.
This bloody battle aroused the doubts and even opposition of the vast number of cadres and soldiers to Wang Ming's military line, the action was slow, and there were serious mistakes in strategic and tactical guidance, and this erroneous leadership needed to be paid for the precious lives of the soldiers, and the voices of strong demand for a change of leadership became more and more intense.
At a time when the crisis was imminent, after Comrade Mao Zedong's correct proposal, the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee abandoned the plan to go to western Hunan to join the Red Second and Red Sixth Armies and instead marched to Guizhou, where the Kuomintang army was weak. In January 1935, Zunyi, Guizhou, held an enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, known in history as the "Zunyi Conference", which played a role in turning the tide at the most critical juncture of the Chinese revolution.
This meeting affirmed Mao Zedong's military strategic propositions and military leadership ability, established Mao Zedong's leading position in the Red Army and the Party Central Committee, saved the Party, saved the Red Army, and saved the people in distress.
Later, under the command of Mao Zedong and others, the Central Red Army crossed Chishui in four directions, disrupting the enemy's plan to pursue and capture, which was also the first campaign in which our army took the initiative to attack after the failure of anti-encirclement and suppression.
In May 1935, the Red Army used 7 small boats, only more than 20,000 people, to cross the Jinsha River safely and smoothly. The crossing of the Jinsha River escaped the encirclement and blockade of hundreds of thousands of enemy troops, and Chiang Kai-shek's plan to encircle and annihilate the Sichuan, Qian, and Yunnan regions was completely foiled, and this strategic shift had a decisive factor in history.
On May 29, 1935, after the forced crossing of the Dadu River, how to send all the Red Army safely across the river was a big problem, and the decision to seize the Luding Bridge was made in the midst of a crisis. Luding Bridge is about 103.67 meters long and about 3 meters wide, composed of 13 chains, this is an ancient bridge with a long history, the only passage connecting Kangzang and Sichuan, so it is a military fortress in Sichuan and Kangzang regions.
The Luding Bridge is more than ten meters high from the water surface, coupled with the turbulent water flow of the Dadu River, the noisy sound of water, if you want to fall from such a bridge, there must be no bones left, and in an instant there will be no trace, the Kuomintang troops stationed in the two regiments of Luding County have long known that this bridge is the only way for the Red Army, and even think that the Red Army is a bag, and should have been tied up long ago.
Because the Red Army could only cross the Dadu River through this bridge, they then brutally forcibly dismantled the wooden planks on the bridge, and when the Red Army reached the Lugou Bridge, they were only 13 hundred meters long iron chains and churning roaring river water. Enemy reinforcements are getting closer and closer, imminent.
In the face of the enemy's step-by-step approach, at the moment of a thousand gunshots, the regimental commander Wang Kai and others immediately organized the selection of commandos, and finally selected 22 brave fighters, rushed 240 miles, launched a fierce attack on the east side of the bridge, the fighters with backward submachine guns, knives, 12 grenades and the belief of victory, against the rain of bullets and bullets, crawled along the iron cable, and gradually sprinted towards the enemy on the opposite side.
The soldiers of the third company followed with equipment and bridge laying planks, the road of the charge was difficult, every time the soldiers paved the bridge was a race against the clock, each advance was a life-and-death struggle, and finally the soldiers stepped on the shaking chains and finally took the bridge, smoothly formed an encirclement with the troops on the east bank, and occupied the dangerous Luding Bridge.
In May 1935, the Central Red Army set out from Sichuan and after a month-long trek, met the Red Fourth Front in the Maogong area of Sichuan. After this meeting, after discussion, the Red Army decided to continue to the north, thus establishing a bloody journey in the Sichuan-Shaanxi-Gansu base area.
But at this time, Zhang Guotao insisted on choosing to go south. After many ineffective consultations, in September of the same year, the CENTRAL Committee of the Communist Party of China led the main force of the Red Army to take the lead in moving north. In October 1935, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China led the Shaanxi-Gansu detachment of the Red Army to wuqi town in Shaanxi Province and merged with the Red 15th Army to form the Red Army.
In November 1935, the Red Second and Sixth Red Armies set out on a long march from Hunan and other places. On July 2, 1936, he arrived in Kardze and successfully met with the Red Fourth Front. On July 5, the Red 2nd and 6th Red Armies and the Red 32nd Army were officially formed into the Red 2nd Front. The pace of the Long March gradually accelerated, and in early July, the Red Second and Red Fourth Fronts jointly marched north.
In October 1936, the Red Second and Fourth Fronts arrived in Huining, Gansu Province, and joined the Red Army. The completion of the three main divisions of the Red Army marked the end of the unprecedented and magnificent victory of the Great Long March.
The victory of the Long March realized our party's general strategy of going north to resist Japan and saved the people from fire and water; Chiang Kai-shek's plan to strangle the Chinese revolution was completely frustrated, turning the Chinese revolution from defeat to victory.
The Long March is a great miracle in human history, the Central Red Army has fought more than 380 battles, captured more than 700 county towns, the Red Army sacrificed more than 430 cadres at or above the battalion level, the average age is less than 30 years old, and defeated hundreds of regiments of the Kuomintang army, passing through 14 provinces.
In the inferior situation of no logistical supply, hunger and cold, lack of food and clothing, lack of food and wages, dangerous mountains and high roads, lack of oxygen in high mountains, and other dangerous environments, the Red Army crossed 24 major rivers and crossed 18 mountain ranges, of which 5 were covered with snow all year round, the weather was cold, after climbing the snowy mountains, but also through the grassland, the journey was about 25,000 miles, the difficulty can be imagined.
In addition to the harsh natural conditions along the way and the dangerous enemy situation, it is even more difficult to know where the road is. Today, we understand the history of the Long March, know that it is a desperate challenge, and know that it is an incomparably difficult journey, but for the Red Army in the Long March, where and how to go at every step? They are all walking on thin ice and making careful choices, which are not only related to the physical safety of individual military personnel, but also determine China's bright future.
The slightest hint of wind and grass or clues affected the pace of the Red Army's advance at all times. The military plan formulated by staying up late at night may have to be reconsidered as the enemy situation changes.
Behind every action, there are tosses and turns, deep thinking, taking a wrong step, it may be an abyss, and the previous achievements are abandoned. This is not only a long march of the road, but also a consideration of ideals and beliefs.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="104" > Taiping is originally a hero's determination, and no hero can enjoy Taiping. </h1>
In the long journey, faced with the scheming enemy pursuit and the harsh natural environment, many criminals at home and abroad questioned and expected the Party and the Red Army to weaken or even collapse.
But!!!
After the Red Army charged into the battlefield, shared hardships and hardships, braved no matter what it was, challenged the limits of human existence, overcame all difficulties and dangers with the belief of victory, was reborn from the fire, and achieved indelible achievements, the Long March was also a process of strengthening the army.
How fortunate we are in the new era, we do not need the arduous Long March of 25,000 miles, but we also have our own Long March, that is, to let the spirit of the Long March remain in the hearts of generations of people forever, and inspire us not to forget our original intentions and forge ahead into the future.