Qingyang Zhuang clan of "Tianshui Liufang"
Xue Juzeng
Late autumn and October, the season when the leaves in the north fall to their roots, and it is also the season of harvesting fruits, I came from the node of the overland Silk Road, the "hometown of the Xi Emperor" Tianshui, to the starting point of the "Maritime Silk Road", Quanzhou, which was once the "largest port in the East" during the Song and Yuan Dynasties. An important gain of this trip to the southeast was the encounter with the Qingyang Zhuang clan. What surprised and excited me was that the origin of the Qingyang Zhuang clan was actually in Tianshui, Gansu.
Qingyang, Jinjiang, known as "Wudian City" in ancient times, because during the first year of the Tang Dynasty, there were five small restaurants built here. Walking on the Zhuangyuan Street in Wudian City, both sides are hokkien style red brick ancient houses (Hokkien dialect called houses cuo), but the word "Tianshui" is gradually charming.
No. 1 Zhuangyuan Street, "Tianguandi", is the official residence of Zhuang Yijun, a Ming Dynasty jinshi and official. There is a sign on the street with the words "Tianshuitang", which should be the County Wangtang number of the Zhuang family, right? Unfortunately I didn't have time for an in-depth visit.
Liu Qing's new house, a well-preserved courtyard, the owner Zhuang Ming'an, is a filipino overseas Chinese. Two couplets are carved on the stone pillars of the gate:
"Tianshui flows fang mian zu ze, Qingyang Bu zhuyi Sun Mou."
"After the Nanhua chanting of Dongyue, send Yan Tianshui house Bu Qingyang."
"Jing Nanhua" is undoubtedly the Zhuangzi who wrote the "Nanhua Jing", and "Pai Yan Tianshui" does not mean that this Qingyang Zhuang clan is from the Tianshui lineage?
During the walk, a beautiful and majestic building appears in front of you - the Zhuang Family Temple. The ancestors enshrined in the temple are facing a large plaque hanging high behind the gate at dawn and night - "Heavenly Water Source Flow".
There is an old man in the ear room, crane hair and childlike face, sitting alone on the side of the tea, it is time to be the master.
"Old man, how do you say the word 'heavenly water' in this 'source of heavenly water'?"
"Ah, Tianshui, is a place name."
"Is it Tianshui in Gansu?" I came from Tianshui. ”
The old man affirmed that their Zhuang clan had migrated from Tianshui to Quanzhou at the end of the Tang Dynasty. He also found me several historical documents of the Zhuang family. At that time, it was too hurried to ask the old man's name.
According to Kao, the ancestor of the Qingyang Zhuang clan, Zhuang Sen, was a native of Gushi, Gwangju, Henan. In the second year of Tang Guangqi (886), he followed his uncle Wang Chao and Wang Zhenzhi's brothers into Min, and chose to live in Yongchun Taoyuanli, as the ancestor of the Zhuang clan in southern Fujian. Passed down to the ninth generation, there are Zhuang Xia, Song Xiaozong Chunxi during the Jinshi, lishi three dynasties, the founding man of Yongchun County, and the house Quanzhou. Emperor Ningzong of Song gave his ancestral tomb the imperial pen "Splendid Mountain", and later generations took "Splendid Chuanfang" as the hall name. In the third year of Emperor Taizong of Yuan (1230), Zhuang Xia's great-nephew Zhuang Yousun (1211-1265) was an ancient mountain man who migrated to Qingyang and was the ancestor of the Zhaoji clan of Qingyang Zhuang.
Zhuang Family Temple, located in the yin of Qingmei Mountain in Wudian City, covers an area of more than 900 square meters, facing the north, was built in the thirteenth year of Ming Hongzhi (1500), Jiajing was burned by the Wokou, and successive generations of construction. Now it is a seven-bay hard hilltop raised beam wooden frame masonry and wood building, with two entrances in front and back, and the regulation is lofty and imposing. In general, the ancestral hall only has three or five bays, but the Zhuang family temple is an extremely rare seven-bay room, which shows that its honor is unparalleled. There is a saying in Quanzhou commenting on the ancestral hall of Minnan: "TangDongqi, Barberry Valley Is big, zhuangcuo ancestral hall outside the south gate." "Zhuangcuo Ancestral Hall" is the Zhuang Family Temple, and "Gainanmenwai" means that it is second to none in Quannan.
The foyer is five rooms wide, the door is open on three sides, the middle door is painted red, and the doors on both sides are black. The middle gate added a two-foot-high wooden sill to the one-foot-high stone threshold, which was given by the emperor, which means that the valve reading is increased and the door court is prominent. On the lintel hangs a column of gold plaques such as "Zhuangyuan", "Huiyuan" and "Bangyan". Unlike the Minnan family temple, which generally has to "go to the door god", there is no door god pattern on the door of the Zhuang family temple. It is said that this is because the Zhuang clan produced Wen and Wu Zhuangyuan in the Ming Dynasty, and the imperial gift of "Golden Horse and Jade Hall", the prestige is extraordinary, the gods and ghosts are feared, and there is no need to paint the door god to guard.
The courtyard of the ordinary ancestral hall is mostly a flat stone cheng, but the courtyard of the Zhuang Family Temple is built with a four-inch high Yongdao in the middle. Special regulations are, of course, to highlight the dignity of status. Originally, the envoy of the Ming Dynasty was the highest administrator of a province, Zheng Erpin, a high-ranking and powerful person, honored as "Fang Bo", while the four generations of the Qingyang Zhuang clan produced four envoys, known as "Four Fang Bo".
The main hall is seven rooms wide and three deep, and the hall is called "Xiaosi Hall", and the shrine enshrines the portrait of the ancestor Gushan Gong. The exquisite bluestone incense burner on the desk is said to be a gift from Hai Rui, the "Hai Qing Tian" of the Ming Dynasty. In addition to a row of "Jinshi" and "Hanlin", there are also plaques praising the Zhuang clan for resisting the war and saving the country, such as "generous defeat generals", "righteous courage and wind", "the founding father of the Republic of China", etc., indicating the extraordinary history of the family. The four big characters of "Loyalty and Filial Piety and Honesty Festival" on the wall of the hall, and the family mottos that can be seen everywhere, have long been integrated into the blood of future generations.
The Qingyang Zhuang clan has been from the first ancestor zhuang yousun Kaiji, after eight hundred years, the melon is long, the branches are luxuriant, and the junjie are born. In the Ming and Qing dynasties alone, there were 2 Wen Zhuangyuan, 15 Jinshi, 19 Juren, and 8 Gongsheng. There is a link on the main hall of his family temple: "One list of three dragons fighting together, five branches and ten phoenixes flying together". "One list of three dragons" refers to the Jiajing Eight-Year Examination, and Zhuang Yongbin, Zhuang Yijun, and Zhuang Renchun were three people in the same discipline. "Five Branches and Ten Phoenixes" means that in the nearly 50 years from the seventeenth year of Ming Hongzhi to the twenty-eighth year of the Wanli Calendar, two people in each of the five subject examinations of the Zhuang clan were lifted in the same discipline. It's a fiery cooking oil, flowers are blooming!
Zhuang's descendants are all over the sea, hundreds of thousands, and only hundreds of jinjiang figures are recorded. In the annals of history and in the streets and alleys, there are stories of Zhuang Junjie who can sing and cry. Among them, famous people such as: the Ming Dynasty Jinshizhuang with bin (trumpet Fangtang) brothers led the crowd to resist the Wo, bravely saved the people, and gave the "Wangu Gangchang" plaque; the Qing Dynasty Zhuangyuan Zhuang had a gong to control the water, repair the sea pond, dredge the river, prevent floods, and was worshipped by the common people as a "water god"; the patriotic overseas Chinese Zhuang Cai loach donated aircraft to support the War of Resistance, even if he was imprisoned by the Japanese Kou, he had no complaints or regrets, a piece of pure dan heart, and his love for his homeland...
"Since the ancestors have been loyal and filial to me for more than a hundred years, may the grandson inherit the family for thousands of generations of poetry and literature to the people." This ancestral shrine couplet written by Zhuang Jichang, one of the "Seven Talents of Quanzhou" of the Ming Dynasty, may reveal the secret of Zhuang's thousand years of prosperity. As the old saying goes, "Whoever wants to flow far away will dredge his fountain." The Qingyang Zhuang clan of "Tianshui Liufang" is exactly like this, loyal and filial piety, poetry and books have been passed down from generation to generation, all the way to today.