There were eight outstanding travelers in ancient China. They have almost practiced the living state of "reading thousands of books and walking thousands of miles", but also overcome unimaginable difficulties, crossed large-scale spatial barriers, fixed their figures and footprints in distant places, disseminated their travel experience and life ideas to future generations through their own works, left a mark on the monument of human civilization, and contributed to the longevity of human knowledge.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Confucius</h1>
Confucius was not only a great thinker, educator, calligrapher, writer and historian, his ideas have been passed down to this day, but he was also a great traveler. His self-funded tourism model and tourism ideas have influenced him to this day. According to the professor of history, Confucius visited the State of Qi and the State of Zhou when he was young, and in his old age he went to the State of Wei, the State of Cao, the State of Song, the State of Zheng, the State of Chen, the State of Cai, the State of Chu, and so on. In 14 years, he walked thousands of kilometers.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > Sima Qian</h1>
Sima Qian was a great traveler. At the age of 20, he traveled to almost all the areas covered by Han Chinese culture at that time. In the autumn of the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty, that is, in 111 BC, the 35-year-old Sima Qian was personally appointed by Emperor Wu of han as a "special envoy and chief doctor". He entered Hanzhong in the form of commendations, first to eight counties and Shu county; then, he crossed the mountains and mountains, went to Shenli County, Yuejun County and other newly established places of the imperial court, and went to the southwest hinterland of present-day Guizhou and Yunnan to investigate the social security and ethnic customs of ethnic minorities, laying a solid foundation for the completion of his famous book "History".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" ></h1>
Faxian, a monk during the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the third year of Long'an, in early 399, he set out from Chang'an, crossed the Hexi Corridor and the desert to Yanyi, then crossed the present-day Taklamakan Desert to Hotan, crossed the Lingshan Mountains in the south, and reached Tianzhu through the present-day Indus Valley; he also traveled through southern Nepal to eastern Tianzhu and studied Sanskrit and Buddhist law in Badafuyi, the capital of Moganti, for 3 years. Later, he took a boat home. He traveled by merchant ship from the famous East Pillar harbor of Domori (now Kolkata, India) to the Lion Kingdom (present-day Sri Lanka) for 2 years, continuing to receive Buddhist scriptures; then returned to the East by merchant ship, arriving in Jiankang in the ninth year of Yixi (413) and sailing west for 15 years. As the first Chinese to reach India, the book "Records the History, Geography and Religion of Central and South Asia before 15,600 years, and occupies a high place in the history of world culture."
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" > Xuanzang</h1>
Xuanzang monk, the prototype of the Tang monk in Journey to the West. In order to obtain the Buddhist scriptures, he went to the Pillar of Heaven alone, and after many difficulties and obstacles, he finally reached the Naranto Temple. At the time Buddhism was prevalent in India, he was regarded as a "prophet" and a "living Buddha" And over the past 19 years he has traveled 50,000 miles and more than 110 countries. He was a true monk and a great traveler. His disciples compiled memoirs, the Tang Dynasty Western Regions Chronicle and the Biography of the Three Tibetan Masters of Ci'en Temple, which have clearly become important historical materials for Indian history and Sino-Indian cultural exchanges. After 1300 years of Xuanzang's westward journey to Tianzhu, Brie has a Record of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty, Tish archaeologists and Indian scholars, along the map of the Indian land, successively excavated the ruins of Chuluye Garden, Bodh Gaya, Kush Nagar and Lumbini Garden, bringing the history of China and India back to light.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" > Qiu Chuji</h1>
Qiu Chuji, one of Wang Chongyang's disciples, is the founder of Quanzhen Dao. In the third year of Venus, that is, in 1219, on the way to the west of Genghis Khan, he heard the accompanying Zhongyuan people introduce Qiu Chuji's amazing magic power, and he sent emissaries to contact him. In the autumn of 1220, the 75-year-old Qiu Chuji led his disciples from Laizhou, Shandong Province, on a journey of thousands of miles. In the summer of 1222, he met Genghis Khan in the Snowy Mountains (present-day Afghanistan), where he said that he was revered as a fairy by Genghis Khan for "respecting heaven and loving the people" and "pure heart and widowhood". According to his dictation, the Journey to the West of changchun immortals compiled by his disciple Li Zhichang has been passed down through the ages. This book describes the customs and people in the mountains and rivers along the western part of Changchun. It is an important material for the study of the cultural customs of the northern desert and the western region in the 13th century and the historical geography of the Quanzhen school.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" > Zhou Daguan</h1>
Zhou Daguan, he was a geographer of the Yuan Dynasty. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1295), he was ordered to accompany a mission to Chenla (present-day Cambodia). He set out from the port of Wenzhou and headed south to Guangzhou, passing through the Nanyang countries of Chamcheng, Zhenpu and Chang'an in central Vietnam, and arrived at Angkor after three months of sea voyage. Zhou Daguan returned to China after about a year in Angkor and wrote the famous book "Chenla Customs", which became an important material for the study of cambodia's ancient culture. After 1861, under the guidance of this book, the famous French biologist Henri Muo rediscovered Angkor Wat in the rainforest.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="14" > Wang Dayuan</h1>
Wang Dayuan, a folk navigator of the Yuan Dynasty, was born and died a little later than Zhou Daguan. According to historical records, in the first year of Shun, that is, in 1333, Wang Dayuan, who was only 20 years old at the time, went to sea from Quanzhou for the first time by merchant ship, passing through China's Hainan Island, India, Sumatra, ChamCheng, India, Arabia and Egypt, crossing the Mediterranean Sea to Reach Morocco, then returning to Egypt, leaving the Red Sea to Somalia, then turning south to Mozambique, then crossing Sumatra and Java, the Indian Ocean finally reaching Sri Lanka, spending five years returning from Australia to Quanzhou, reaching Kalimantan and the Philippines. After a two-year break, he sailed again, reaching the Mozambique Channel of Africa and all parts of Australia, and returned to Quanzhou in 1339. After returning to China, he wrote a "Brief History of the Islanders", which recorded more than 220 countries and regions he visited, which has important reference value for the study of the historical geography of China and the West in the Yuan Dynasty.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16" > Xu Xiake</h1>
In mid-May 1621, Xu Xiake set out from what was then Ninghai. For more than 30 years, he crossed Putuo in the east, Yanyi in the north, Fujian and Guangdong in the south, Taihua Mountain in the northwest, and the Yunnan-Guizhou border in the southwest. His footprints reached 14 provinces at that time. His "Travels of Xu Xia" is more than 670,000 words long, in which the description of the landform is the first person to measure the area, and the investigation of folk culture and local history is also unique.