Tea trees after heaven,
Back to the ground,
What will happen?
Dr. Liu Jianfu and others have conducted some research!
They selected 6 varieties of tea seeds from Wuyi Rock Tea, including cinnamon, golden monkey, iron luohan, Qidan, finches tongue and short-legged oolong, and made a space mutagenesis experiment using "Shenzhou VIII" and spaceborne.
(Pictured)
This on the spaceship aura, space mutagenesis breeding is very novel at a glance, there are wood?
What is "space mutagenesis breeding"?
Fu Chajun first gives you the following science popularization:
Space mutagenesis breeding is the use of retrievable satellites, space shuttles, spacecraft or high-air balloons to bring plants and crop seeds to the space environment to produce mutations, and then return to the ground to breed new germplasm and new materials, which is one of the important ways to cultivate new varieties of high-yielding, high-quality, precocious and disease-resistant crops in recent years. Spaceflight can significantly accelerate the breeding process, shorten the breeding cycle, and improve breeding efficiency.
On August 5, 1987, China first used the retrievable satellite to carry plant seeds, and then successfully carried out more than 10 space breeding experiments, a total of more than 70 species of plants and more than 1,000 varieties of seeds into space breeding experiments, and 23 provinces and cities have participated in space breeding work, 38 varieties approved by the state, more than 80 varieties of large-scale promotion. Space mutagenesis breeding carries many plants.
What new changes happened after the tea plant was planted in heaven?
Dr. Liu Jianfu and others made an experiment, this experiment through the "Shenzhou No. 8" retrievable satellite carrying Wuyi rock tea variety seeds for space mutagenesis treatment, the offspring of space mutagenesis to observe and identify, analyze the variation law of their agronomic traits, and screen out mutants.
The plant height, number of nodes, internodal length, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length and width, leaf area and chlorophyll fluorescence a parameters FT and QY values of Wuyiyan tea seedlings were observed.
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Test materials
The test materials came from 6 common Wuyi rock tea varieties provided by The Xianmingyan Tea Factory in Wuyishan City: Cinnamon, Golden Monkey, Iron Luohan, Qidan, Finch Tongue and Short-footed Oolong.
experimental design
Six varieties of Wuyi Rock Tea seeds (water content controlled at 13%) were selected and carried on the "Shenzhou 8" retrievable satellite for space mutagenesis treatment, and 2 seeds per plant were mutagenicated in space, and 1 seed was used as a ground control. The "Shenzhou-8" unmanned spacecraft was launched at 5:58:10 on November 1, 2011, and two days after liftoff, the "Shenzhou-8" and the previously launched "Tiangong-1" target vehicle conducted space rendezvous and docking. After 12 days of operation, at 18:30 on November 16, 2011, the Shenzhou 8 spacecraft and the "Tiangong-1" target aircraft were successfully separated, and the return module returned to the ground at 19:32:30 on November 17, 2011; a total of 16 days, 13 hours and 34 minutes around the earth.
Wuyi Rock Tea was sown on April 14, 2012, and the seeds germinated on May 18 and were transplanted to plastic pots for cultivation. Water on average every 5 days during this period and spray the leaves with Leili 2000 functional compound liquid fertilizer. On December 14, 2012, after the seedlings of Wuyi Rock Tea grew to 2 to 4 leaves, the morphological index and chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters were determined.
Assay method
The plant height, leaf length, leaf width of Wuyiyan tea seedlings were measured with a ruler, as well as the internodal length of the second and third sections of the seedlings (counting from the ground upwards), and the internodal diameter of the second and third sections of the seedlings was measured with a vernier caliper: the leaf area of each treated leaf was determined by the leaf area meter, and 3 leaves were measured per plant; the number of leaves and stem nodes of each seedling was calculated; the fluorescence parameters FT and QY of wuyiyan tea were measured by Yaxin~1 161 chlorophyll fluorescence instrument, and 3 leaves were measured per plant. The chart data are all averages of 3 repetitions. The results are as follows:
The effect of the "Shenzhou No. 8" spacecraft on the morphology of Wuyi rock tea seedlings
Conclusions
The results showed
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Golden Monkey and Iron Luohan undergo mutagenesis to produce dwarf and thick mutations, while short-legged oolong seedlings show obviously increased traits: after space mutagenesis, Wuyi Rock Tea has a more dense green leaf color and increased leaf area traits, which is conducive to improving the photosynthetic characteristics of Wuyi Rock Tea. It can be seen that the mutant traits of space mutagenesis are uncertain, and the mechanisms in them have yet to be explained by proteomics and genomics.
The results of the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters FT (transient chlorophyll a fluorescence) and QY (light quantum efficiency) measured in this experiment show that the activity of the golden retriever and the finch tongue light system II decreased after spacecraft mutagenesis, which was consistent with the previous research, while the activity of the light system II increased after the space mutagenesis of Tie Luohan and short-legged oolong.
This article is excerpted from "Shenzhou No. 8 Spacecraft Carrying Wuyi Rock Tea Variety Morphological Variation Study" (Authors: Liu Jianfu, Huang Anmin, Zhong Shuchun, Huang Shousheng, Zhang Bin, Wu Yanhong)
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