Examination of the time of Lei's migration to Jinling

At the time of Lei's migration to Nanjing, Mr. Zhu Qizhao had already made a clear statement in the "Style Lei Kao": "Jingsheng's grandson Yucheng avoided the chaos of the late Ming Dynasty, and migrated with Zi Zhensheng and ZhenZhuo to the Stone City of Jinling. The author believes that Lei Dafeng is included in this "home" of "moving with Zi Zhensheng and Zhen Zhu to the Stone City of Jinling". First of all, Lei Fang was the only son of Lei Zhensheng, born in the forty-seventh year of the Ming Wanli Calendar (1619), when Lei Yucheng and Lei Zhensheng "avoided the chaos of the late Ming Dynasty" and migrated to Jinling, Lei Develop was a teenager in his 10s. Lei Yucheng and Lei Zhensheng could not have just run for their lives and left an underage child in their hometown of Jianchang, where "there are many outflows and constant wars". Secondly, Lei Zhensheng was Lei Zhensheng's apprentice, and when Lei Zhensheng migrated to Jinling at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Lei Zhensheng was not yet full of division, and Lei Zhensheng could not leave an apprentice who was not yet a master behind. Third, Lei Zhensheng is to go to Jinling to work, one more person has more strength, one more person has more income, from the economic accounting, Lei Zhensheng will also bring Lei Development to Jinling.

The author then examines from the "Lei Clan Genealogy" that after Lei Yucheng and Zi Zhensheng and Zhen Zhu migrated to Jinling Stone City, the Genealogy of the Lei Clan genealogy of jianchangbei mountain house branch no longer has a record of the 46th Lei developed and other people who migrated to Jinling (see Appendix 1). The descendants of Lei Developed and other migrators to Jinling were recorded in the "Lei Clan Genealogy" Jianchang Beishan Branch Divided Jinling Lineage Map (see Appendix 2) and the "Lei Clan Genealogy" Jianchang Beishan Branch moved to Jinling Shilu (see Appendix 3)

To sum up, there is no doubt that Lei developed and moved to Jinling with his grandfather and father at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

Literature such as "Style Lei" Family New Certificate, "The Truth of Lei Developed Taihe Temple Liang", "Lei Developed New Knowledge", "Lei Jinyu New Knowledge" and other documents say that Lei Developed Kangxi moved to Jinling in the first year (1661), based on the "Lei Family Migration to Jinling Narrative" written by Lei Jinzhao, nephew of Lei DadongTang. There is a passage in the "Narrative of the Lei Clan Moving to Jinling": "The state dynasty is dingding, the county is through war, the road is a hole, the poor are full of dangers, and they are tired, they are the first prince of The Emperor Xuan, the first Bofa Emperor, in the first month of the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty, he served his grandmother Li (Lei Zhenzhou's wife), his uncle Guo (Lei Zhensheng's wife), his aunt Zou (Lei Fazong's wife), tang bo developed gong, Fa Xing gong, and invented gong ju nan to temporarily avoid, plotting to rebel." Lei Jinzhao's words recount the return of Lei Dafa to Jinling with his mother, aunt, cousin and others in the first month of the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty. It is an obvious fact that in the list of people from the south, grandmother Li (wife of Lei Zhenzhou), grandmother Guo (wife of Lei Zhensheng), and Tang Bofa Duke have all migrated to Jinling as early as the end of the Ming Dynasty, and the first Junfa Xuangong and the first Bofa Zonggong were born in Jinling, which are all shown in the "Lei Clan Genealogy" Jianchang Beishan Branch Separate Jinling Lineage Chart and the "Lei Clan Genealogy" Jianchang Beishan Branch Migration to Jinling Shilu. Secondly, in the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1661), Lei Develop was already 43 years old, and he was not confused. There is an old Chinese saying: "Everything is off in middle age." If Lei developed the Ming Dynasty and did not migrate Jinling in the last years, would it still migrate Jinling at this time? Third, according to Wang Qiheng and others, Lei Jinyu also migrated to Jinling in the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty. Lei Jinyu was born in the sixteenth year of Shunzhi (1659), and was only 3 years old in the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1661), and if Lei Jinyu had migrated to Jinling at this time, it would have been impossible not to bring his wife Chen. There is no account of Lei's wife Chen and son Lei Jinyu in the list of people from the south in the "Lei's Migration to Jinling", which shows that Lei Develop did not migrate to Jinling in the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1661).

Lei Jinzhao said in the "Narrative of Lei's Migration to Jinling" that "the national dynasty is fixed, the county is through war, the road is a hole, the poor are full of dangers, and they are tired" is not in line with historical facts. Throughout Chinese history, every newly established dynasty has introduced some new policies that are lightly emboldened to win the support of the broad masses of the people. According to historical records, from the beginning of the Wanli Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty levied tyrannical levies and greatly increased taxes. The "Liao's salary" increased its income by one cent and two cents of silver per mu of land, for a total of 6.6 million taels of silver; the "salary of suppression" was 2.8 million taels, the "training allowance" was 7.3 million taels, and the three salaries and dispatches amounted to more than 16 million taels per year, which was twice the positive amount. And there is a salary outside the salary, "the amount of three salaries is more than 23 million taels", and the positive amount of the three allowances is more than 67 million taels. Other harsh taxes and miscellaneous taxes are also as many as cattle feathers, and the people really cannot survive, "the poorer the people, the more they rise up," so the more officers and soldiers suppress "thieves.". At the beginning of the establishment of the Qing court, Shunzhi was young and was ruled by the regent Dolgun, who issued the decree of the regent of the Qing Dynasty on July 17, 1644, announcing the abolition of the jiapai at the end of the Ming Dynasty. The decree reads: "The officials, the people, and the people know: To give wen de only good governance, and government is to feed the people." The way to support the people will save punishment, reduce taxes, and then the customs will be mellow and the people's livelihood will be achieved. ...... In the former Korean government, the people of Li were the most serious, so that the people were poor and stolen, and then they increased the salary, and then they were trained for all sides, and then they were re-trained. But these three salaries, several times the right offerings, are tired of the small people. Cutting the fat and scraping the pulp, the far away is more than 20 years, the near is more than 10 years, the world is screaming, and it is too late. There are even more grain materials to be purchased, called Dangguanping City, but in fact, the mu are counted and levied, and the original proposal is approved for regular grain, and then it is refused to be sold. ...... To the poor and impoverished people of Grieving,...... For the sake of the people, from the first year of the Shunzhi Dynasty, all the extra dispatches, such as Liao's salary, suppressed salary, training salary, and summoning rice beans, were exempted from the orders of the people. After more than two months, Dorgon reiterated in the edict of Fu Lindenji: "The money and grain per mu of land are according to the original amount of the previous Dynasty's "Accounting Record", and since the first day of May of the first year of the Shunzhi Dynasty, they will be requisitioned according to the mu. All those who add liao salaries, new salaries, training salaries, and summoning and buying shall be exempted. "Due to the huge military expenditure and financial difficulties, from the fourth year of Shunzhi (1647), under the pretext of increasing the number of salaries in the Wanli years, they were not exempted, and only the salaries and training salaries were abolished, and the prefectures and counties often privately sent another section. In order to build a summer city outside the border area, Dorgon also ordered in July of the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650) to send 2.5 million taels of money and grain to nine provinces of Zhili, Shanxi, Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangnan (Jiangsu, Anhui), Henan, Huguang, Jiangxi, and Shaanxi. In the eighth year of Shunzhi (1651), after The Ancestor (Shunzhi) Fu Lin came to power, he immediately stopped this sect, and thereafter the Qing court was not allowed to increase the income of the land. After 18 years of shunzhi governance, by the first year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the country was basically unified, the society was basically stable, and the people's production and life were basically stable.

Lei Jinzhao was born in the year of Kangxi Renzi (Kangxi Eleventh Year, 1672), and the Lei Clan Moved to Jinling was written in the year of Kangxi Jihai (58 years, 1719). What happened in the first year of Kangxi (1661), Lei Jinzhao listened to others, others misrepresented or himself mistakenly remembered are possible, "Lei's Migration to Jinling" can not become the basis for Lei's migration to Jinling in the first year of Kangxi (1661).

Primary references

[1] Cui Yong: Interpretation of the Lei Family Genealogy of the Qing Dynasty Architectural Family Style;

[2] Lei Jinzhao: "Lei's Migration to Jinling";

[3] Zhu Qizhao: "Style Leikao";

[4] Qianlong News Network: Reform Policy in the Early Qing Dynasty.

丨 Editor: Zhang Kaida 丨 Arrangement: Lv Qingqing

丨 Content source: Yongxiu County, Jiangxi Province Style Lei Culture Research Association Chen Qianjin

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