Recently, a friend consulted xiaobian about the prevention and control method of pine borer, xiaobian has made a simple arrangement here, hoping to bring you some help!
<h1>First, the occurrence characteristics of pine borer:</h1>
Pine borer is also known as reddish borer, pine borer, pine borer, pine borer, spruce borer borer, Huashan pine borer, drill heartworm, belongs to the lepidoptera borer family.
1. Morphological characteristics:
Adults: 10–16 mm long with a wingspan of about 24 mm; grey-brown forewings, 4 white stripes on the wing surface, a distinct large white spot at the middle ventricle, and a macula near the lateral margin.
Eggs: nearly round, often about 0.8 mm, yellowish-white, dark red near hatching.
Larvae: About 25 mm long when mature, dark red, with pairs of distinct black-brown hairs on each body segment, one white hair on each body.
Pupae: about 13 mm long, yellow-brown, with wavy teeth at the end of the abdomen, and 3 pairs of hook-like gluteal spines on it.
2. Hazard characteristics:
The main stem of the borer is drilled by the larvae, causing the side shoots to grow over, and the canopy is broom-shaped, which seriously affects the growth of the tree. Larvae eat cones that affect seed yields, but can also moth on young branches, causing the death of young trees.
It is mainly harmful to five-needle pine, spruce, red pine, masson pine, oil pine, black pine, red pine, Huangshan pine, Huashan pine, torch pine, wetland pine, cedar and other pines.
3. Distribution and occurrence:
It is mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and other places.
Jilin 1 year l generation, Liaoning, Beijing, Henan, Shaanxi 2 generations, Nanjing 2-3 generations, Guangxi 3 generations, all larvae in the damaged shoots and cones overwinter, some larvae in the branches and wounds under the skin. The occurrence period is mid-May to late July, the first generation from early August to late September, the second generation from early September to mid-October, and the larvae begin to overwinter in November. Each generation of adult worms has a long period of time, and its life history is not neat, and there is a phenomenon of generational overlap.
When the adults feather, they break through the thin net that is clogged at the upper end of the pupal chamber, and the pupal shell remains in the pupal chamber and is not exposed. Feathering is mostly around 11 o'clock, and the adults lie still in the coniferous stems at the top of the treetops during the day, flying at 19-21 o'clock and feeding for supplements. Phototropism.
The larvae are 5 years old, and the first hatching larvae quickly crawl into the old worm road to hide, and eat the wood chips in the old worm road. The borer hole is round, and there is moth chips and feces accumulating outside the moth hole. The 3-instar larvae have a migratory habit, moving from the original pest to the new shoots. Therefore, in the investigation, it is often found that there are many insects in the pests.
The overwintering larvae begin to move from early to mid-April, continuing to feed on the hazards, descending into the 2-year-old branches and some transferring to the new shoot hazards. The victim's new shoots are hook-shaped and curved. The old mature larva pupates on the upper end of the infested insect path. Before pupal pupae, bite 1 feathering hole, make a pupal chamber under the feathering hole, spit silk to stick to the wood chips to close the orifice, and use silk to weave a net to block both ends of the pupal chamber, the larva head up in the chamber, lying still, pupate after 2-3 days. Pupae generally do not move, and in case of disturbance, they use the abdominal segment to rub against the four walls of the worm passage and move upwards.
The pupal period is as long as 17-19 days, the shortest is 10-12 days, the average is about 16 days, and the feathering rate is more than 90%.
<h1>Second, several common prevention and control methods:</h1>
The insect occurs mostly in 4-9 year old larvae with low closure and poor growth. Young forests under 5 years of age should pay special attention to the prevention and control of the harm of pine borer, pine borer mainly endangers the new shoots of young forests, and the larvae moths enter the branches to cause the branches above the moth mouth to dry up and die, which seriously affects the dry shape and growth of the trees. It is difficult to control because the larvae of pine borer are hidden, the exposure time is short, and the life history is not neat.
1. Strengthen inter-forest management:
Usually, we should start with forestry measures, do a good job in nurturing young forests, accelerate the growth of trees, promote early closure, and strengthen management, avoid indiscriminate logging, ban grazing, and reduce branch wounds. At the same time, to protect various natural enemies, long-distance cocoon bees can also be released for control.
2. Light Booby Trap:
Adults can be booby-trapped with either mercury or black light, mainly based on the phototropism of adult pine borers.
3. Protecting predators:
To protect and utilize various natural enemies of the pine borer, the long-distance cocoon wasp can also be released for control.
4. Chemical control measures:
(1) How to prevent and control the peak of harm:
May to September is a period of severe harm to pine borer, during which time it can be sprayed with more permeable agents such as phosphorus killing, thiazide ketone, etc., and sprayed evenly with osmotic agents such as silicones.
(2) How to prevent and control entering the overwintering period:
After October, the larvae will enter the overwintering period, at which time they spray the shoots with 50% octathion emulsion or 50% borax pine emulsion or 50% dichlorvos emulsion or 50% phosphoramine emulsion, and paint the trunk wound with dimethoate mud, which can poison and kill some of the overwintering larvae. During the wintering period, the damaged shoots are cut off, the needles at the end of the pests are yellow, and the insect shoots that have not yet died all need to be cut off at the same time, collected and burned with fire, which should be carried out continuously for more than 3 years.
(3) How to control the active period of wintering larvae:
Before the end of April, the affected shoots are cut from the base of the affected pine shoots and burned in a concentrated manner to kill the overwintering larvae.
In early April, during the migration of overwintering larvae to the new shoots of the year, the affected shoots are once again cut off. Adults can be killed by 15 kg of 5 kg of dichlorvos intubation aerosol aerosol per hectare at the end of their peak feathering period, i.e., before spawning, and can also be booby-trapped with black light or sweet and sour solution for chemotaxis adults. It can also be added to the fertilization of furandan (about 5-10 grams / plant), which has a certain killing effect on pests.
<h1>Small talk</h1>
In practice, many managers do not pay attention to the determination and observation of the prevention and control period, resulting in half the work. Therefore, it is recommended that we should adopt different prevention and control methods for different periods.
The main things you need to pay attention to here are:
Pine borer mainly harms pine forests under 5 years old. It is necessary to pay attention to the qingyuan in autumn and winter, and to prevent the overwintering larvae in time, which can prevent the large-scale outbreak of pine borer!