Red Landmark 27: The former site of the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army's Ewan Xianggan Headquarters
The former site of the New Fourth Army's Ewan Xianggan Headquarters is located in the Tanqiao Community of Lingxiang Town, Daye City, covering an area of 2,000 square meters, a two-fold and seven-style old-style building, a total of 26 houses, which has been well preserved so far. The old site has been baptized by nearly 80 years of wind and rain, witnessing the creation and development of the New Fourth Army's Ewan Xianggan Headquarters.
In the 1940s, the site once became the command center of the New Fourth Army's Southern Hubei War of Resistance. In August 1942, the New Fourth Army's Ewan Xianggan Headquarters was born here, and the main force of the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army launched the "Tanfu Liu" campaign at Tanjia bridge (the place name at that time) that shocked southern Hunan.
After the fall of Huangshi, the first large-scale battle against the Japanese invaders was fought here, which became the leadership and command center of the anti-Japanese struggle in southern Hunan and was recorded in the military history of the New Fourth Army.
In November 2002, the former site of the New Fourth Army's Ewan Xianggan Headquarters was listed as a key cultural relics protection unit and patriotic education base in Hubei Province.
The ancient residences bear in mind the history of the Tanqiao War of Resistance
< h1 toutiao-origin="h6" > the headquarters of the New Fourth Army</h1>
Speaking of Lingxiang, it is natural to mention the Tanqiao old street in the Tanqiao community, which was once densely populated and prosperous in commerce and trade.
A two-story tall building towers in the center of Tanqiao Old Street, and the door is engraved with 10 bold characters of "New Fourth Army Ewan Xianggan Headquarters", which is a key cultural relics protection unit in Hubei Province.
The towering horse head wall, black eaves, red walls, bluestone doorposts, and surrounding drainage ditches set off this ancient building, which looks particularly solemn under the blue sky and white clouds.
Entering the hall, there is a baffle in front of it, and in the red background, there is a portrait of the military and the people fighting against each other, next to the propaganda slogan "Iron-blooded man sacrifices himself to follow the party."
The entire old site is divided into four exhibition halls: the exhibition hall of the old site, the hall of revolutionary history education, the hall of heroic martyrs, and the hall of revolutionary figures. The texts in the exhibition hall are: an overview of the course of the Ewan Corps' War of Resistance, Dong Biwu and Tanqiao, and an overview of the New Fourth Army in Huangshi. There are also a large number of precious pictures and historical materials, recording the revolutionary fathers and heroes related to the New Fourth Army's War of Resistance at Tanqiao.
According to Ming Peng, director of the memorial hall, the former site of the New Fourth Army's Ewan Xianggan Headquarters was built in the late Qing Dynasty and was originally the private residence of Ke Liangzhai, an enlightened gentleman and red Chinese medicine doctor. It sits northwest to southeast, is a brick and wood structure, a total of two front and back, consisting of a connected seven-bay bungalow, with a single eaves hard top, and the eaves are placed on the gable. There are patios on both sides of the front entrance and two connected buildings, and in the middle is a hall, and the structure of the houses on both sides is symmetrical. The second floor is a wooden loft.
<h1 toutiao-origin="h6" > revolutionary studio</h1>
Each room in the old site is hung with signs such as "Military Affairs Department," "War Room," and "Military Intelligence Room," which reproduce the old appearance of the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army in those years. Oil lamps, teapots, medical equipment, combat guns, etc., are all relics of that year and are well preserved.
In his early years, Dong Biwu had close ties with Ke Zhu, a student of Tanqiao who was studying in Wuhan, and often carried out communist ideological propaganda against him, guiding him to study revolutionary works and encouraging him to actively participate in the revolutionary struggle. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the tanqiao youths Ke Yueqiang and Ke Qiong embarked on the revolutionary road under the influence of Dong Biwu.
Looking up at the sky through the oval-shaped patio, let us go back to the revolutionary battles that took place in this red land 79 years ago.
The main force of the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army was stationed at Tanqiao
In May 1942, the Japanese army began to attack the Zhejiang-Gansu line. In order to contain the Japanese attack, the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army, in accordance with the instructions of the Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the decision of the Party Committee of the Eyu Border Region, ordered the main force of the Fourteenth Brigade to advance into southern Hunan and create an anti-Japanese guerrilla base area in southern Hunan centered on Damu Mountain.
In early May, the main force of the 14th Brigade of the 5th Division advanced to the south of Hubei in two directions, east and west. Under the leadership of Luo Tong, commander of the 41st Regiment, and Li Ping, secretary of the Central County CPC Committee of Southern Hunan Province, the Troops of the West Road set out from Wangjiafang in Huanggang and advanced toward the mountainous areas of Southern Hunan, attacking bandit Liu Ershun along the way, attacking the mines under the harbor, and destroying the enemy's special organs, shocking the enemy and the hypocrites, and inspiring the people. The East Road troops, consisting of more than 1,000 people from the brigade, the first battalion, the third battalion of the 42nd Regiment, and some local armed forces, crossed the river under the leadership of Wu Linhuan, commander of the 14th Brigade, and Xiong Zuofang, deputy brigade commander, and fought several fierce battles with the enemy puppet troops and the Japanese army along the way. After the main force of the Fourteenth Brigade opened up a military situation in southern Hunan, the brigade commander Wu Linhuan returned to Jiangbei to report to the commander of the Fifth Division on the situation in Jiangnan.
On July 27, the Central China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee instructed the Fifth Division to vigorously develop the anti-Japanese base area in southern Hunan according to the needs of the development of the situation. The party committee of the Eyu Border Region and the party committee of the Fifth Division decided to establish the Ewan-Xianggan Headquarters and the Party Committee of the Headquarters.
< h1 toutiao-origin="h6" > Liu Shaoqing</h1>
On the evening of August 1, Yang Xuecheng, director of the organization department of the party committee of the Eyu Border Region, and Liu Shaoqing, head of the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army, in accordance with the instructions of the Central China Bureau to vigorously develop the anti-Japanese base area in southern Hubei, led the division's special task force regiment and the main force of the 14th Brigade to more than 1,500 people, as well as some local cadres, from Jiangbei to Enter Tanjiaqiao.
On 17 August, Yang Xuecheng, director of the organization department of the party committee of the Eyu Border Region, went to Tanjiaqiao and, in a house specially vacated by ke Liangzhai, a local enlightened gentleman and traditional Chinese medicine doctor, held a meeting of cadres at and above the battalion level of the Jiangnan army, conveyed the instructions of the party committee of the border region and the chief of the Fifth Division on the work in southern Hubei, and officially announced the establishment of the Ewan Xianggan Headquarters to lead the anti-Japanese struggle of the people of Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and other provinces.
The Battle of "Tan Fu Liu" and the Annihilation Of the "Ji Family Ancestral Hall"
After the headquarters was established in Ke Liangzhai's home, Liu Shaoqing, the head of the Fifth Division, concurrently served as commander, Yang Xuecheng as political commissar, Wu Linhuan as deputy commander, Xiong Zuofang as chief of staff, and Xia Longtai as director of the political department. In mid-August, the command decided to set up the Enan Government Affairs Working Group (later renamed the Government Affairs Committee), which had five administrative affairs committees under its jurisdiction, including Yang (New) Da (Ye), Da (Ye) E (Cheng), and E (Cheng) Da (Ye).
In May 1942, the Party Committee of the Eyu Border Region of the Communist Party of China decided to open up an anti-Japanese base area in southern Hubei. In August of the same year, the Da (Ye) E (Cheng) Administrative Affairs Committee was established here, under the jurisdiction of 13 township anti-Japanese democratic governments, chairman Feng Yuting.
< h1 toutiao-origin="h6" > tension</h1>
Shortly after the establishment of the Xianggan Headquarters, the Fourteenth Brigade of the Fifth Division, under the leadership of political commissar Zhang Tixue, launched the famous battles of Tanjiaqiao, Fujiashan, and Liu Renba; after capturing Tanjiaqiao and Fujiashan, they continued their efforts and led the troops through Chen Gui Daquangou to attack the rear organs of Liu Ren's Eight Soils and Stubborn Tian weizhong, destroyed the headquarters of Tian Weizhong and Liao Yihua in one fell swoop, eliminated more than 2,000 Tianbu bandits who destroyed the anti-Japanese resistance, annihilated two brigades of LiaoBu, captured nearly 600 enemy troops, captured nearly 20 war horses, and dozens of machine guns. More than 600 rifles.
The victory in the battles of Tan, Fu, and Liu opened up a new situation in the anti-Japanese guerrilla war in southern Hunan Province, dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of Japanese imperialism in China, curbed the southward advance of the Japanese army, enabled the New Fourth Army to successfully gain a firm foothold in the Tanjiaqiao area, and firmly established the anti-Japanese base area behind enemy lines in southern Hunan.
The victory in this campaign greatly boosted the confidence of the people of southern Hunan in the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, enabled the masses of the people in southern Hunan to automatically organize revolutionary armed forces and actively participate in the war, and also educated some enlightened gentlemen in the landlord class in southern Hunan and some military and political dignitaries in the Kuomintang, so that they realized the great strength of the Communist Party of China.
In October 1942, just as the construction of the anti-Japanese base area in the Huangshi area was vigorously developing, the Japanese puppet army entrenched in the Jinniu area, in order to consolidate its stronghold, concentrated more than 800 troops to attack Tanjiaqiao, where the headquarters of the Xianggan headquarters of Ewan and Xianggan was located, in an attempt to squeeze the troops of the Fifth Division out of southern Hubei and set up a stronghold in the Jijia Ancestral Hall between Tanjiaqiao and Jinniu, which was occupied for a long time.
In early November, when the puppet army of the day was fiercely rushing to the Ji Family Ancestral Hall, and when the foothold was unstable, the Ewan Xianggan Headquarters, which had already received the news, led the troops to suddenly launch a fierce attack, and the unsuspecting Japanese puppet army immediately panicked. After half a day of fierce fighting, a battalion of the puppet army was annihilated, a squadron of the Japanese army suffered heavy casualties, and the remnants fled in the direction of the Golden Bull.
This was the first large-scale battle against the Japanese invaders after the fall of the Yellowstone region.
The historical significance of this battle is very far-reaching -- it laid a solid foundation for consolidating the anti-Japanese base area in southern Hubei and made the headquarters of Ewan, Xianggan and Xianggan more stable in stopping in the area of Tanjiaqiao. Since then, Tanjiaqiao has become the leadership and command center of the anti-Japanese struggle in southern Hunan and has been recorded in the military history of the New Fourth Army.
Inherit the revolutionary spirit with practical actions
The former site of the Ewan Xianggan Headquarters is a very important revolutionary historical memorial site in daye area, which provides an important historical basis for comprehensively studying the history of the revolution in Daye area, the environment of the anti-Japanese struggle at that time, and the situation of revolutionary organization. At the same time, it is of great significance to carrying forward the revolutionary traditions of our army and to educating young people in revolutionary traditions and patriotism.
In the 1980s, the Daye County government set up the former site of the headquarters as a county cultural relics protection unit. In November 2002, the former site of the Ewan Xianggan Headquarters was listed as a key cultural relics protection unit and a patriotic education base in Hubei Province.
Near the former site of the Ewan Xianggan Headquarters, there is also a collection of revolutionary cultural relics and anti-war cultural relics, which collects tens of thousands of historical revolutionary documents, aircraft and tanks, etc., which enhances the viewing points and historical value of the old site.
The preservation of these collections is due to the curator Ming Peng. Since 2012, he has been hired as the director of the memorial hall at the former site of the Ewan Xianggan Headquarters, and has voluntarily stored all the collections in the museum for exhibition. Military families also donated some of the collections free of charge.
Each collection carries his dedication to the propaganda of party history. Ming Peng said that he hopes to use red physical resources to record more red stories and better carry out public welfare and mobile red education.
New and old Party members feel the original intention
Reliving history and the precious spirit of the martyrs who fought heroically in the search for the truth can purify my soul and be a Chinese with conscience in the new period.
As a party member with nearly 30 years of party experience, I know that today's happy life is not easy to get, how can I live up to my mission and be worthy of the great rivers and mountains created by my predecessors? In my daily work, I want to have a heart of gratitude, gratitude, and gratitude, love the motherland, and support the Communist Party of China. Inherit and carry forward the noble qualities and firmness of faith of the ancestors, build a beautiful hometown, and repay the society.
——Zhu Xuanhe, a party member of Yanshan Village, Liu Renba Town
The first time I walked into the former site of the Headquarters of the New Fourth Army's Ewan-Xianggan Headquarters, I was struck by the precious historical documents and objects here, which was once the "bridgehead" of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in southern Hunan and strengthened the confidence of the military and people in the occupied areas to rise up against the invaders.
From the yellowed photos of the old site, you can still feel the heavy damage caused by the war to the country and the people. But wherever there is aggression, there will be resistance, and no matter how powerful the enemy is, the heroic sons and daughters of China will certainly fight with the enemy and defend their homeland.
——Cheng Xudong, a party member and cadre of Chen Guizhen Central Primary School
Editor 丨 仵佩
Source 丨Dongchu Evening News
Proofreading 丨 Chen Gang
Audit 丨 Li Na
Supervising producer 丨shi teaching lamp
Released 丨Huangshi Daily Rong Media Center
Produced by Huangshi Daily