It has to be said that Fu Jian was the greatest monarch in the Wuhu period, and Xiao Ma has always believed that Fu Jian is probably the most ambitious and greatest monarch in ancient China. To what extent was Fu Jianren righteous, he basically did not kill the countries he destroyed, and even still granted the high-ranking official Houlu to rule his own tribe. Former Qin also roughly unified the north under Fu Jian's heroic talents, and even controlled Outer Mongolia, which was an empire unprecedentedly vast in the north of China.
Former Qin territory
However, the powerful Former Qin Empire quickly collapsed after the Battle of Shuishui, and even Fu Jian himself was captured and killed by Later Qin Yao Cang two years later. Why did the powerful Former Qin fall so quickly, many people blamed this on the unification war launched by Former Qin. In fact, this is not the main reason at all, you must know that at that time, Former Qin dispatched 270,000 cavalry, more than 600,000 infantry, plus auxiliary troops, a full million troops. However, in the Battle of Shuishui, Qianqin was defeated by only 200,000 or 300,000 people in the vanguard army, and it is estimated that the maximum number of people killed in the battle was only 100,000 people, which was far from the point of breaking bones for Former Qin, but after this battle, Former Qin quickly collapsed internally, indicating that the reason for Former Qin's defeat was internal rather than external, and this was caused by Fu Jian's wrong policy.
Fu Jian
The Battle of Shuishui
Xiao Ma believes that Fu Jian's biggest mistake was to move his own population out of the country, and to relocate a large number of Xianbei Qiang and other foreign races to Gyeonggi Heavy Land, which is the most fatal. After Fu Jian quelled the rebellion of the Fu Luo Fu Chong brothers, he had always been uneasy about his own people, and the territory of Former Qin was so vast that Fu Jian thought of a way to seem to have the best of both worlds, that is, to move his own population from the clan to the frontier areas under the leadership of the sons of the clan, and Fu Jian's three sons were also sent out, stationed in each place with three thousand households, stationed in Shanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Liaodong, Sichuan and other places far from the Guanzhong base camp. Although moving the Qiang Xianbei ethnic group to the Guanzhong area in large numbers seems to be conducive to the control of the whole country, and moving the foreign population to Gyeonggi is conducive to the monitoring of these foreign nationalities, but at that time, the foreign population in Guanzhong had far exceeded the population of the own ethnic group, and once the situation changed, there was no time to rescue them, which was extremely dangerous. At that time, some ministers saw the hidden dangers in this regard and advised Fu Jian, but Fu Jian "laughed and did not accept", perhaps Fu Jian was too confident in his sitting in Gyeonggi, and it was expected that these humble people and Qiang people did not dare to rebel.
According to statistics, the population of the Xian ethnic group that Fu Jian moved abroad was 150,000 households, nearly one million people, and there were nearly one million Xianbei Qiang people who moved to the Guanzhong area.
Maybe there is Emperor Fu Jian sitting in the seat, and the Xianbei people and Qiang people do not dare to rebel, but it is estimated that their hearts are also foolish. The defeat of the Battle of Shuishui just ignited this powder keg, and the Xianbei Qiang people who remained in the pass immediately rebelled, while the Yu army was scattered in the distance and could not return to the division to rescue, but was broken by each side due to the dispersion of strength. Fu Jian eventually returned to the sky due to his weak strength in Guanzhong, and his soldiers were defeated and killed and became a laughingstock.
Imagine if Fu Jian did not carry out ethnic migration, Guanzhong had a heavy garrison of the Xian ethnic group, not to mention whether the Xianbei people and Qiang people dared to rebel, even if they rebelled, Former Qin would not collapse so quickly, at most it would return to the Guanzhong area and the founding of the country, the problem of maintaining political power should not be big, Fu Jian would not die in the hands of Yao Cang, but it was a pity that a generation of male lords.
Although the Eight Banners were also stationed in key places throughout the country, more than half of them were still in the Gyeonggi area, and the front charge was carried out by the surrendered Han army, and the Manchu Qing also maintained more than two hundred years of rule, not to mention the destruction of the country in a war.
The lesson of Former Qin's defeat is profound.