On June 29, the reporter learned from the Institute of Plateau Biology of the Autonomous Region that after more than 3 years of field investigation, the institute summed up the basic situation of Cordyceps sinensis in Tibet for the first time and published the book "Resources of Cordyceps Sinensis in Tibet". The scientific research project "Scientific Investigation and Ecology Of Cordyceps Sinensis Suitable Habitats in Different Regions of Tibet" won the second prize of the 2012-2013 Science and Technology Progress Award of the Autonomous Region for achieving a series of innovative research results in the habitat, resource and distribution and community ecology of Cordyceps sinensis in Tibet.
There are 55 counties in the region that produce Cordyceps sinensis
As a complex of cordyceps, Cordyceps sinensis is distributed only in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent areas. Our district is one of the main production areas of Cordyceps sinensis, as the public knows that Lhasa City, Changdu City, Nyingchi City, Xigaze City, Nagqu Area and other places are produced Cordyceps sinensis. The reporter learned from the Institute of Plateau Biology of the Autonomous Region that since 2008, the institute has carried out the project of "Scientific Investigation and Ecological Research on suitable Habitats for Cordyceps sinensis in different regions of Tibet", which has conducted a systematic and comprehensive investigation of the distribution of Cordyceps sinensis in our region, specific to each county.
According to Li Hui, a researcher at the institute, the survey shows that there are 55 counties in our region that have identified the production of Cordyceps sinensis, and 5 counties that cannot be determined and speculated that there may be Cordyceps sinensis; the remaining 14 counties have determined that there is no cordyceps production. The specific circumstances are that all seven counties and one district of Lhasa City produce Cordyceps sinensis; all 12 counties in Shannan Region produce Cordyceps sinensis; all of the ten counties and one district of Changdu City produce Cordyceps sinensis; all six counties and one district of Nyingchi City produce Cordyceps sinensis; 11 counties in Xigaze City produce Cordyceps sinensis, 2 counties cannot be determined, 2 counties speculate that it may produce, and 3 counties determine that it does not produce Cordyceps sinensis; 6 counties in Nagqu Region produce Cordyceps sinensis; and No Cordyceps sinensis is produced in Ali District, but 1 of them cannot be determined. "In the nearest Chengguan district, for example, there are cordyceps on the hills near Baiding Village in Caigongtang Township."
The climate of each region is also different, in general, the climate of the cordyceps production area in the whole region can be summarized as an average annual temperature of -1.9 °C or slightly below 4.7 °C, an annual rainfall of between 370-850 mm of light or slightly cold, lower half arid, semi-humid - humid climate. In addition, the winter and spring soil has snow, rainfall during the excavation period and the temperature is suitable, and the yield of Cordyceps sinensis is higher in that year.
"Judging from the data of climate and growth area, the bat moth insects of cordyceps hosts, although they have different species depending on the growing environment, they are adapted to alpine alpine and alpine environments." Li Hui said that in terms of soil environment, the soil texture of the cordyceps growth area in our region has sandy soil, light loam soil, sandy soil and medium loam soil, with sand soil and light loam soil, "The soil environment should be relatively loose, breathable, permeable, and have a certain fertilizer storage capacity." ”
The vegetation community cover is high, and it is suitable for the growth of Cordyceps sinensis
Li Hui introduced that the "Scientific Investigation and Ecological Research on the Suitable Habitats of Cordyceps Sinensis in Different Regions of Tibet" project took the lead in summarizing that there are 6 types of growth environments of Cordyceps sinensis in Tibet, namely forests, alpine shrublands, subalpine shrublands, alpine meadows, plateau valley shrublands and plateau valley meadows, and for the first time described "weak alpine shrub meadows", that is, in the environment of "rotten, sparse vegetation and a large amount of exposed soil on the surface". This is a special type of Cordyceps habitat in my district.
"Through the investigation of many cordyceps suitable for growing in our area, we found that the vegetation growth is luxuriant, the total coverage of the community is more than 85%, and the terrain with a certain slope is particularly suitable for the growth of cordyceps sinensis." Li Hui said that among these suitable habitats, there are mainly pearl bud indigo, round spike indigo, a variety of consortia, song grass, and a variety of alpine small-leaf rhododendrons, golden dew plums, small-leaf golden dew plums, and a variety of alpine willows.
After investigating the representative habitats of Cordyceps sinensis in the whole region, the project also proposed for the first time the special geographical distribution type of Cordyceps sinensis in our region- regional distribution, and divided the production of Cordyceps sinensis in Tibet into four areas: forest Cordyceps area, shrub meadow cordyceps area, meadow Cordyceps area and Cordyceps free area, and concluded that the vertical distribution range of Cordyceps sinensis in our region was 3820-5100 (5300) meters above sea level (3650).
In addition, the project members also discovered three new distributions of manta moth insects in Tibet as the carrier of Cordyceps sinensis, namely the curve bat moth, the Yongsheng bat moth and the oblique veined bat moth.
Li Hui introduced that the project according to several years of investigation and field investigation of almost all cordyceps producing counties in the region, summarized the distribution range and characteristics of Tibetan Cordyceps sinensis, and carried out corresponding development on their respective types, this summary of the distribution law of Cordyceps sinensis in the Tibet Autonomous Region is not only the first time in the region, but also has an original nature, and the completion of the project is of great significance to the macro decision-making of Cordyceps sinensis resources in our region.