Abstract: Albinism is a single-gene genetic disease caused by defects in melanin or melanin body biosynthesis caused by different gene mutations.
Usually, people with albinism are no different from normal people.
Albinos patients can have the same lifespan as a normal person, except that they cannot be overexposed to ultraviolet radiation.
Albinism patients are relatively comfortable to come out at night, so they also have a nice name called moon children.
Patients with albinism usually present with hypopigmentation and deficiency of the eyes or eyes, skin, and hair areas, often accompanied by eye symptoms such as nystagmus, photophobia, and low vision.
01 What is albinism and can it be cured?
Albinism, also known as leukoplakia, congenital pigment deficiency, etc., is a group of congenital genetic diseases of partial or complete depigmentation of the skin, hair and eyes.
In general, the type and amount of melanin produced in the human body determines the hair, eyes and color, and patients with albinism are caused by a lack or absence of melanin production in the body.
There are 3 symptoms of albinism, mainly manifested in the skin, hair and eyes, as follows:
1, the skin is mainly due to the lack of pigment, showing a milky white or pink, due to the lack of pigment protection, after the sun can easily cause dermatitis performance.
2. The hair is generally filamentous, silvery white or yellowish white.
3. Due to the lack of pigment in the eyes, the eyebrows and eyelashes are white or yellowish, and the iris is bluish gray or yellow.
In general, most people are relatively healthy in development, and a small number of people can be accompanied by some stunted development, such as mental retardation, congenital deafness, weakened vision and other manifestations of albinism.
Albinism is a relatively rare hereditary skin disease, so it cannot be cured. For now, there are no specific drugs to treat, and symptoms are generally relieved by physical therapy.
Albinism is mainly symptomatic to avoid complications and can also be prevented by important means such as prohibiting the marriage of close relatives.
02 What do albino patients need to pay attention to?
Albinism is a family hereditary disorder that is autosomal recessive and often occurs in people whose close relatives are married.
Genetic Atlas of Albinism:
Both parents carry albinism genes, and they do not develop the disease themselves, and if both husband and wife pass on the disease-causing genes they carry to their children at the same time, the children will fall ill.
Albinism is X-linked recessive inheritance, which is only affected when the albinism gene carried by the mother is passed to the son, and is generally not diseased when passed to the daughter.
For albinism patients, we should give them care and support, their study, work, life is no different from us, and we should not look at this group with a different eye.
In daily life, what will bring harm to people with albinism?
1. After the albinism of patients is exposed, it may lead to repeated sunburn and burns on the skin, and even secondary skin basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma under repeated stimulation of sunlight.
Therefore, albinism patients should avoid going out when the sun is strong, and at the same time, they can protect themselves by applying sunscreen, umbrellas, and wearing ultraviolet clothing.
2. Patients with albinism who have problems such as eye fibrillation and vision loss should seek medical treatment in time and actively treat them under the guidance of an ophthalmologist.
3. Regularly go to the dermatology department for a comprehensive physical examination to understand the skin condition, find or avoid skin cancer as soon as possible, and if necessary, timely surgery and other treatments.
03 Daily care for albinism patients
For albinos patients who are about to go out, remember to protect your skin and eyes! What do you generally need to do?
1. Apply sunscreen
Sunscreen blocks and refracts harmful rays and provides an umbrella for the skin.
2, go out to wear protective clothing or long shirts, long sleeves, wide-brimmed hats and so on
Protective clothing, etc. can play an effective role in protection and protection to avoid more ultraviolet damage.
3, go out and wear sunglasses
Patients with ocular albinism can wear sunglasses when going out to avoid a strong light on the eyes.
4, parents of children should pay more attention to care, give positive guidance and encouragement
Many times, children's minds are more vulnerable to injury than their bodies, and it is important to cultivate a positive and optimistic attitude.
What do you need to pay attention to in the daily diet, life and other aspects of albinism patients?
1. Avoid mental tension, anxiety, fatigue and irritability.
2. Patients with albinism can adjust through the daily diet of melanin-containing foods, or the adjustment of amino acid complex protein.
3, basically the diet is easy to digest and absorb, like vegetables and fruits.
4, albinism is a genetic factor, and it is basically impossible to cure, need to be prepared psychologically, so through the diet and living habits to regulate, promote his recovery, relatively is also a more conventional treatment.
5. Try to avoid mental tension and fatigue, remember to rest normally, and avoid staying up late.
Theoretically, melanin-containing foods such as black sesame seeds, black grapes, black mulberries, etc. can be eaten more, and patients need to check their physical condition regularly to avoid excessive exposure to ultraviolet rays in the sun, which is something that daily behavior needs to pay attention to.
Write at the end:
"Children of the Moon", for these albinism patients, what we should give most is the care of the soul, and the people around us give encouragement and correct view, and give psychological support. Albinism patients also need to avoid receiving strong sunlight as much as possible, pay attention to some protection when going out, and wear sunglasses when going out.