"High fruit splitting rate and easy to encounter spring cold during the blooming period" are the two major problems often encountered in the open-air cultivation of the world's large cherries.
How to solve these two problems, in addition to the corresponding facility management, some scientists have also made efforts from the direction of breeding. In 2001, Cornell University in the United States selected and bred a large cherry variety that is "almost fruit-free, frost-resistant"------------ - black gold large cherry.
Black gold big cherry (courtesy of teacher Jin in China)
Black Gold Cherry, english name "black gold", parent is "starksGold* Stanla". The black gold cherry is described in the introduction of foreign varieties:
"Heart-shaped, dark red in appearance, dark purple flesh, crisp and hard flesh, it is a late-flowering large cherry variety, frost resistant."
Among the variety characteristics of black gold cherries, the most attractive to the author is the three words "anti-frost". In the introduction of some varieties, there are very few varieties that can introduce their own frost resistance, and the "anti-frost" characteristics of black gold cherries are a point worth examining and investigating deeply.
Introduction to the big black gold cherry
In the blooming period, large open-air cherries are very easy to encounter spring cold, thus encountering frost damage, resulting in reduced production of large cherries, or even extinction. The low-cost prevention and control measures for the frost damage of large cherries are almost non-existent in China. Traditional means such as smoking and watering have had little effect.
If the big black and gold cherries can "resist frost", isn't it a big cherry variety worth promoting?
Big black gold cherry (courtesy of Teacher Jin)
In order to further understand whether the characteristics of the black gold cherry variety are consistent with the official variety introduction, the author interviewed Jin Zongxiang, a domestic black gold cherry grower.
Teacher Jin Zongxiang introduced the black gold cherry in 2014. He shared with us some of the variety characteristics of the big black gold cherry.
The author has compiled the information and information obtained after the interview and shared it with the fruit growers to discuss together. And I hope this article is helpful for everyone's big cherry planting.
Teacher Jin Zongxiang believes that black gold cherries have the following four characteristics:
<h1 class= "pgc-h-center-line" > self-flowering and fruiting, simplifying planting</h1>
The black gold cherry is a self-flowering large cherry variety that does not require pollination trees, and has a low threshold for planting, which can be simplified.
At present, the mainstream cultivated varieties of large cherries are mostly cross-pollination, and a main cultivar needs to be equipped with 2-3 pollinatory varieties. The problem with this is that the management methods between different varieties are different, and when managing multiple varieties, it is bound to be more troublesome to manage.
The black gold cherries can be pollinated by self-flowering, and the whole land can be planted with only one variety of black gold cherries, which is easy to manage and realizes simplified planting.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-center-line" > does not crack fruit, is not deformed, and has a high commodity rate</h1>
Teacher Jin Zongxiang believes that the large cherries that are self-flowering and fruity are abundant, but some large cherry varieties have serious fruit splitting and deformed fruits. Black gold cherries are different, no deformed fruit, no split fruit.
After several years of cultivation of large black gold cherries, the deformed fruit is only one in a thousand. The big black gold cherry is a spire and there will be no rabbit mouths happening. There are also no cracked fruits and rotten tops.
Through the calculation of teacher Jin Zongxiang, the data he obtained is that the commercial fruit rate of black gold large cherries can reach 95%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line">
Trees are open, management saves labor
</h1>
Teacher Jin Zongxiang believes that the black and gold cherry has two characteristics in the tree potential.
One is that the tree is moderate, and there is no need to deliberately control the excessive growth of the big cherry tree, nor do you have to worry about the premature aging of the big cherry tree.
Big black gold cherry tree
The second is that no pruning is required in the summer. The branches of the large black gold cherry open gently, the top advantage is not strong, there are more horizontal branches, and there will be no more autumn shoots after June.
It does not require too much manual management, that is, it can achieve "abundant and stable production".
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" > frost resistant and can avoid the cold of spring</h1>
Frost resistant, this is also a characteristic of a large variety specifically mentioned in the black gold large cherry varieties.
China's spring cold generally occurs in late March to late April. In the Hebei region where Jin Zongxiang grows black and gold cherries, the general big cherries have the first flowering period on April 10 and the full flowering period is April 15. The black and gold cherries he planted bloomed on April 25. During this period, our country basically has no spring cold.
It is a relatively perfect way to avoid the cold of spring.
Teacher Jin Zongxiang's confirmation of this characteristic of black gold cherries is also consistent with the United States' statement that black gold cherries are "frost resistant".
In addition to the characteristics of these four varieties, some of the basic characteristics of the fruit of the black gold cherry are also briefly introduced here:
In Hebei region, black gold cherries can be harvested on June 10, the weight of a single fruit > 10 grams, through flower thinning, fruit thinning, black gold cherries can reach the standard of large fruit cherries, its sugar-acid ratio can reach 33.2, eat very little sour.
The above we are talking about the advantages of black gold cherries, but the black gold cherries also have some disadvantages.
In my personal opinion, the black gold cherry is a medium to late ripening variety. The situation of China's large cherries rushing to the morning market is more serious, and at present, the medium and early maturing varieties occupy the mainstream.
Late-maturing varieties are difficult to promote in high-temperature areas, because the later, the hotter the weather, the hotter the day, fruit flies are easy to erupt on a large scale, open-air large cherries are difficult to prevent, and the losses are bound to be serious.
What do you think about the black gold cherry?
and discuss.
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Interviewee of this article: Jin Zongxiang
Contributor: @Fruit Tree Circle
@ Fruit Tree Circle is committed to objectively sharing new technologies and varieties of fruit trees at home and abroad, welcome to pay attention! @Fruit Tree Circle
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