Whether it is for the people of Shaoxing or the city of Shaoxing, Shanghai is accustomed to adding a "small" word, called "Little Shaoxing", with a little kindness, and some of the taste of the small bridges in Jiangnan. What's in Shaoxing? There are stinky tofu, rice wine, and Lu Xun's people and scenery. A few years ago, Shaoxing set up Keqiao District and Shangyu District, the urban area increased significantly, not only the physical space became larger, Shaoxing's ambition was also large, it is making good use of the location advantage in the Yangtze River Delta, Ronghang, Ningbo and Shanghai, proposed to return to the top 30 cities in the country's comprehensive economic strength.
Great Shaoxing, by what?
Had to turn, but didn't get better
For many years, Shaoxing is a traditional industry as the main body of the industrial city, textile, chemical, metal processing three traditional industries and pearl, rice wine two historical classic industries output value once accounted for more than 60% of the industrial economy, folk jokes that Shaoxing has "three cylinders": dyeing tank, sauce tank, wine tank. Similar to many places in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Shaoxing has gradually formed a block-like economy with concentrated industries and products, showing the characteristics of "one township, one product" and "one town and one industry" - in 1978, Shaoxing's industrial added value accounted for only 28.3% of GDP, and by 2000 this proportion reached 52.5%.
However, the "scattered and weak" traditional manufacturing industry soon hit the ceiling and the period of pain. The most obvious feeling of the people is that the environment is overwhelmed: the number of industrial enterprises such as printing and dyeing, chemical industry, leather, and papermaking in Shaoxing has increased rapidly, from 2000 to 2016, the total discharge of industrial wastewater in Shaoxing has increased from 190 million tons to 470 million tons, and the total amount of industrial waste gas emissions has increased from 60.92 billion cubic meters to 173.31 billion cubic meters... At the same time, the profitability of Shaoxing textile, chemical, metal processing and other enterprises is becoming more and more difficult. Taking the textile industry as an example, in 2016, the textile industry on the Shaoxing regulation consumed 38.3% of the comprehensive energy consumption and about 60% of the manufacturing water, but only contributed 23.9% of the industrial added value and 22.4% of the total profit and tax. Shaoxing's economic growth slowed down, and the growth rate of Industrial Added Value in Shaoxing fell from 14.8% in 2010 to 4.7% in 2016 year by year, and the national GDP ranking fell from 28th in 2000 to 38th in 2016.
Everyone understands the need to transform, but it is difficult to resolve, and it is even more difficult to do.
In September of the same year, the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government held the largest meeting in recent years in Shaoxing - the provincial traditional manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading work promotion conference, "Shaoxing traditional manufacturing industry transformation and upgrading pilot practice shows that traditional industries are not backward industries, nor sunset industries, only backward products, no backward industries." Since then, Shaoxing has introduced a series of programs to point out specific transformation and upgrading paths for printing and dyeing, chemical industry, electroplating, textile, household appliances and other industries.
It can be expected that doubts will arise: what will Shaoxing rely on to eat after the renovation of traditional industries? At that time, not only will you not be able to eat meat, but you may not even be able to drink the original soup! At present, similar sounds can still be heard in some parts of the Yangtze River Delta.
Tradition remains, nurturing new machines
Innovation and transformation, high-quality development, can not rely on "a heart of blood", the key must be real, and perseverance. In the past three years, the way That Shaoxing has explored is to read the "Two Karma Classics" well. On the one hand, we should grasp the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and on the other hand, we should grasp the cultivation and development of emerging industries; restore the old kinetic energy and strengthen the new kinetic energy.
Shaoxing, the three key traditional industries of textiles, chemical industry and metal processing, has not given up, but it is necessary to find ways to change its appearance. For example, the textile industry should integrate elements such as science and technology and fashion to create a "world fashion textile capital"; the chemical industry should build a global high-end dye and green chemical creation center. Among them, there are already some practices that are worth learning, such as centralized rectification and upgrading, changing the situation of overcapacity and disorderly competition. Since 2017, the vast majority of Shaoxing printing and dyeing enterprises have gathered in Lanyin Town, Keqiao District, Zhuji will integrate 16 printing and dyeing enterprises into 1 printing and dyeing industrial park; in Zhuji Datang Street, the original socks-related enterprises 6599, over the years, Datang to create a socks art characteristic town as an opportunity, the cumulative shutdown of more than 5600 socks enterprises, but the average annual growth rate of the entire socks industry output value of 20%; Shaoxing chemical enterprises, has gathered in Shangyu Hangzhou Bay Economic and Technological Development Zone, especially once gathered Zhejiang Longsheng, There are more than 30 chemical companies in Shangyu Daoxu Street, such as Yantu Co., Ltd., and there are no chemical plants at present...
Rice wine and pearls are the two "historical classic industries" of Shaoxing, which not only cannot be put away, but also constantly innovate. Yellow wine is shaoxing's "golden business card", Shaoxing is very hard, innovative brand marketing, expand the winery industry, integration of cultural tourism, accelerate the construction of rice wine town, to build Shaoxing into the world's fine wine production area, China's rice wine capital. The pearl industry develops in the direction of jewelry design, marketing and display, and is upgraded from "beads" to "treasures". At present, there are already some new products and new technologies, such as Shaoxing launching "no head" rice wine and cultivating greenhouse cultured freshwater pearls.
High-end equipment, electronic information, modern medicine, and new materials are the four major emerging industries in Shaoxing, some of which are closely related to the innovation and upgrading of Shaoxing's key traditional industries. Among them, the high-end equipment industry focuses on key areas such as application robots, intelligent textiles, environmental protection, general aviation, new energy vehicles and key components; the electronic information industry focuses on the field of integrated circuits; the modern pharmaceutical industry actively develops chemical medicine, biomedicine, medical equipment, medical consumables, medical beauty supplies, etc.; the new material industry focuses on metal, chemical, biological, textile new materials and other fields, and accelerates the formation of several industrial clusters with obvious advantages. For example, in the field of integrated circuit industry, Shaoxing has introduced integrated circuit design head enterprise Howey Technology, domestic wafer foundry head enterprise SMIC, packaging and testing head enterprise Changdian Technology and other projects, has signed a contract to settle in 59 integrated circuit related projects, Shaoxing city is listed as a national integrated circuit industry innovation center.
In 2018, Shaoxing was listed in the list of national innovative cities, and in 2019, the investment in shaoxing's high-tech industries increased by 43.4%, and the business environment and economic activity became better and better. Interestingly, the development of shaoxing traditional industries is more stable than before, from 2017 to 2019, Shaoxing traditional industry output value, sales, profits and other indicators maintained double-digit growth for three consecutive years, in 2019, the industrial added value of traditional industries increased by 11.5%, and the contribution rate to the industries on the regulations reached 70.5%.
The transformation of "Xiao Shaoxing" may be a microcosm of the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Delta. How to move towards advanced manufacturing clusters in the traditional manufacturing industry should be down-to-earth and seek truth from facts, and also require a region to have a larger manufacturing scale, strong resource integration capabilities, a sound coordination system and a high economic governance capability. At present, how to strengthen overall coordination from the level of the entire Yangtze River Delta region and promote the restructuring of industrial integration is a thinking question.
Column Editor-in-Chief: Kong Lingjun Text Editor: Kong Lingjun Caption Source: Visual China Image Editor: Yong Kai
Source: Author: Kong Lingjun Ren Junmang