Among all the vegetables, I think garlic is the most complex vegetable, mainly because there are too many parts of the garlic we can harvest, garlic seedlings, garlic herbs, garlic heads in the end which part is harvested first, if you focus on management to make each part grow well.
It is about to be the time for planting garlic, the old man often says "planting garlic does not come out of nine, out of nine long single head", this sentence means that planting garlic can not be later than the ninth month of the lunar calendar, if the september and then sow, the garlic head grows very small, or grow into a single head garlic.
Garlic is not only more complicated to manage, but also has strict requirements for sowing. In addition, there are now mulching plantings and greenhouse plantings, so when is it appropriate to plant garlic?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > First, let's first understand garlic correctly and see what the relationship between garlic head, garlic seedlings, and garlic is</h1>
A complete garlic plant is, from bottom to top, the roots (for the whisker root system), the stem disc (for the short shrunken stem), the flower, the bulb, the false stem, and the leaf body.
The corresponding garlic growth process is as follows: sowing in autumn, returning to green in the spring of the second year, garlic cloves begin to differentiate in the summer (early May), garlic tails are thrown in Xiaoman (late May), garlic is harvested in mandarin seeds (early June), and garlic is harvested on the summer solstice (late June).
1, garlic seedlings: we first harvested is green garlic seedlings.
Garlic sown in autumn, can be harvested in spring, garlic seedlings can be sold. Spring sowing, after the emergence of the temperature is getting higher and higher, the plant grows faster, 40 to 50 days after sowing can be harvested garlic seedlings.
2, garlic: the plant grows to a certain extent, about April and May garlic pumping, June can harvest garlic.
3, garlic: the final harvest, garlic harvest, the bulb rapid expansion, the bulb in the bulb developed into garlic cloves.
4. Single-headed garlic: it is a one-headed garlic formed by the bulb cannot be differentiated by scaly buds, mainly caused by plant malnutrition.
In the actual planting, there are 3 reasons for plant malnutrition, one is that the sowing is too late, the plant growth is too small, which can provide enough nutrients for bulb differentiation and expansion, which is what we call "planting garlic out of nine, out of nine long single head"; second, the planting density is too large, the plant absorbs too little nutrients; the third is that the soil is not fertile enough, or the fertilizer is too small, etc., which will cause the garlic to grow too small or single-headed.
Grow garlic in the open
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="30" > two, so when are we right to sow garlic, and when can we sow at the latest</h1>
The formation of many agricultural proverbs is basically aimed at the conventional cultivation in the Central Plains, but with the development of facility agriculture and the application of mulch film insulation measures, our planting methods have also changed slightly.
1. Sow garlic in the open field
The suitable temperature for garlic germination is 16-20 ° C, which has strict temperature requirements, resulting in strict requirements for sowing time.
Garlic in North China is generally sown in August of the lunar calendar, sown too early, should not germinate, and in the high temperature and high humidity environment, garlic cloves are easy to rot; sowing too late, the growth is insufficient, and overwintering is prone to frost damage, garlic seedlings before wintering to grow four or five true leaves, cold resistance is relatively strong.
Garlic sowing method: garlic strip sowing, row spacing of about 20cm, with a trencher to open the ditch, the depth of the ditch is about 5cm, the selection of a good uniform full garlic cloves, according to the distance of 15cm placed in the ditch, and finally cover the soil, watering. It should be noted that garlic is generally watered after sowing, because it has high water requirements during seedling emergence.
After the garlic seedlings are loosened in time, weeding and protecting the soil temperature can also increase the soil temperature, which can better promote the growth of seedlings.
Mulching
2. Cover the film and sow garlic
Because the lamination has the effect of warming, the mulching can not be sown too early, generally about half a month later than the open sowing, so sometimes the sowing is late and does not want to affect the growth of garlic, it is necessary to cover the mulch.
Sowing method: The sowing method is the same as above, the only difference is that the sole mound is made before sowing, while after sowing the soil is not watered, but covered with mulch. Due to the mulching of the mulch film, the soil moisture is still relatively high, and the seedlings are utilized.
During the emergence of seedlings, it is necessary to observe diligently, and after the emergence of seedlings, use iron skewers to cut a small hole in the top of the seedlings to expose the seedlings. And you can't remove all the mulch film.
3, the greenhouse can not grow garlic
Now there are also greenhouses in the north to grow garlic, but there are fewer. And the sowing period is difficult to master, garlic head does not grow as well as open field, but if it is purely for the purpose of harvesting garlic seedlings, it is still very good to plant in the solar greenhouse in winter.
It can also be covered with straw to facilitate seedling emergence and overwintering
Garlic sown in autumn does not need to be managed much before wintering, usually loosen the soil, and water the frozen water before wintering. The next year's management is the key, there are 3 key fertilization time must not be missed, after returning to green in March, watering and fertilization to promote plant growth, this time if the density is large, you can harvest some garlic seedlings. In April, the garlic is removed, providing sufficient water and fertilizer supply, improving the quality of garlic, and harvesting garlic. After the garlic is harvested in mid-May, continue to water and fertilize to promote the growth of garlic.