Text/Wang Baocheng
It is a surname unique to Xiuwu County, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, and it is concentrated, all of which live in Xuezhuang Village, Gaofeng Town, Xiuwu County, with about 600 people, second only to Shi surname in Xuezhuang Village, and is the second largest surname in this village.
The surname is peculiar, and the source is also a historical mystery to be solved. There is no written record of how the surname was formed and where it came from. However, among the people with the surname Ju, there is a legend that they are descendants of the royal family of the Yuan Dynasty:
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the ethnic oppression and feudal exploitation of the Mongol rulers were even more brutal, "The Modaoshi people have one eye, provoking the Yellow River to rebel", which is a folk song that was widely popular in the Yellow River disaster area in the Zhizheng Decade (1350). In the eleventh year of the Shun Emperor's reign (1351), it was indeed because of the dredging of the Yellow River, and the world turned against it. In this year, the Yuan court ordered the Ministry of Works Shangshu Jia Lufa Bieliang, Daming and other thirteen road peasants a total of 150,000 people to repair the Yellow River, and at the same time sent troops along the Yellow River to suppress it. It was these peasants who served on the Yellow River construction site that ignited the fuse of the Red Turban Army uprising. After the outbreak of the Red Turban Uprising, for a time "the poor returned from chaos", and within a few months, between the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, the banner of the uprising was unveiled everywhere, and gradually formed a Han armed force with Zhu Yuanzhang as the mainstay. After Zhu Yuanzhang conquered the peasant uprisings in Jiangnan, he put forward the slogan of "expelling the Tartars, restoring China, establishing a program of Chen Ji, and relieving the Si people" and went north to cut down the Yuan. At this time, the rule of the Yuan Dynasty, after the heavy blows of the Red Turban Army in the early stage, was already in turmoil and the defeat of the soldiers was like a mountain, and Zhu Yuanzhang only took more than a year to capture Dadu and establish the Ming Dynasty.
The ancestor of the surname was originally a descendant of the royal family and nobles who were sealed here, and the name can no longer be verified. During Zhu Yuanzhang's Northern Expedition, he did not have time to flee north with the Yuan army, so he had to stay here. In order to survive and not be attacked by the Han, he and his family took off the clothes of the Mongol royal family and nobles and put on the costumes of the Han people. Because they have lived here for a long time, they speak Han Chinese fluently, and there is no difference from the locals, the only difference is the name with Mongolian characteristics. Changing your name is the best way. However, he was afraid that his descendants would forget their ancestors in the desert because of their long years, so they would not be willing to directly take the ready-made surnames of the Han people, such as Zhang Wang Li Zhao or something. One day, he and his wife were in the room worrying about this, and his little grandson came in and asked her to take him outside to play. He looked at the cute little grandson, and his heart grew love, and he went forward to hug the little grandson, but the little grandson did not accept his affection, and while struggling, he shouted: "I want to go outside to play, I want my grandmother to take me outside to play!" Because the ancients read and wrote from right to left, the play words that the little grandson spat out from his mouth one after another gave him a flash of inspiration: Play, isn't it the Yuan King? After handing the little grandson to his wife, he said, "Madam, how are we playing with our last name?" In this way, future generations can know from this play word that we are the descendants of the Yuan Emperor. Madame thought about it and said, "Playing with words is good, but it is too obvious, and when the government looks at it, it will also doubt our identity." Play is connected, how about we take the word behind the play word? When I saw the playing words, I thought of playing with words, and when I thought of playing words, I knew our origins. When he heard this, he repeatedly praised miao, saying, "We will give this surname to this trick word." Since then, whether it is counting household registration or external titles, they have all reported their surnames, and their names are also single-word or two-character Han names.
Legends often have the shadow of history. In the Yuan Dynasty, the Huaimeng area, including Xiu Wu, did have a deep relationship with the imperial family. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, according to the History of Yuan and the Records of Huaiqing Province, this was Kublai Khan's "Tang Muyi" (a private estate where the monarch and others collected taxes). Before Emperor Yuanrenzong ascended the throne, he lived with his birth mother in Huaizhou for three years, and after he became emperor, in order to show auspiciousness, he also changed Huaimeng Road to Huaiqing Road. Therefore, in the Yuan Dynasty, the Yuan Emperor was generous to the Huaiqing area, and its embodiment was to vigorously build water conservancy. In the first year of the central unification (1260), Tan Cheng was appointed as the governor of Huaimeng Road (Huaiqing Province), "in the years of drought, let the people dig tang wen canals, divert water to irrigate the fields, the people do not hunger, the cultivation of religion, and the land is not profitable", so that the Taibao Liu Bingzhong, when talking with Kublai Khan about the punctuality of various counties, said: "If zhang geng of punishment, Tan Cheng of Huai, why worry about it? Due to the restoration of water conservancy facilities, the withered agricultural production since the Song and Jin dynasties has recovered rapidly, and the population has increased significantly, and in the seventh year of the Yuan to the Yuan Dynasty (1270), more than 1,800 households of Meng xinmin were relocated to Hexi" for tun tian. The second is to attach importance to education. The official government rebuilt the Temple of Literature and established the Yixue, and in the cultivation of Wu alone, xue shu and Lu Lu had entered the army through the examination and became important ministers of the Yuan Dynasty, of which Xue Shu also married the princess of the Yuan Emperor, known as "Xue Qima", who served as the official Shangshu and was in charge of the five affairs, known as "Yuan Tian Yi Pillar". In addition, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, this place was also the sphere of influence of the Thamur and the expansion of the Timur father and son, and the defender Guan Guan was also "scattered and scattered, and the cultivation of the Tun Seed", "Shao Hui was to donate his own funds, revolt, and come to scholars to teach the teachers" (Zhang Yi, "PingZhangzheng Concerns Guan's Epitaph"). From this point of view, it is not impossible for the ancestors with the surname to be the nobles of the Yuan Dynasty who were left behind in Xiuwu. As for whether he was a descendant of Kublai Khan or Emperor Yuanrenzong, or a descendant of the general Timur, it is not known.
Because of emperor Yuan's huairou policy towards the Huaiqing area, coupled with the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, in view of the fact that the local people had "helped Timur (Er) to defend in order to resist the king's division", they had retaliated against the people of Huaiqing for forced immigration and increasing taxes, so the local people remembered the Yuan Dynasty a lot in the early Ming Dynasty, not only did not "attack the Mongols who remained", but also intended to protect them, which is also one of the reasons why the surname can reproduce to this day, because no matter how the ancestors of the surname are hidden, it is impossible for the villagers who live with them to know their origins. Once someone reports it, the consequences are unpredictable. In Xiuwu County, in addition to the surname, there are also copying surnames, and it is said that their ancestors were also Mongols.
Although the population is small, in contemporary times, there is a famous person who is proud of Xiu Wu, who is the commander of the 39th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the commander of the Dalian Fortress District. Born in 1920, He joined the Eighth Route Army in 1938, joined the Communist Party of China in 1940, and made many achievements in the War of Resistance Against Japan, the War of Liberation, and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
Today's juju people, whether it is living customs or language and clothing, are no different from the locals, and the population also lists them as Han Chinese, only this juggling character, because of that legend, leaving a shadowy historical imprint.
Located in the plains of Henan Province, in ancient times is the first choice for tribes to settle down, and the tribe is the origin of China's surname culture, so Henan is also an important birthplace of China's surnames, in China's "Hundred Family Names", there are more than a hundred surnames are derived from Henan. Henan netizens posted the list of Henan's top ten rare surnames, Including Qiliuju, Shi Xiaoqin, Jia Jianjian, Timid Fushen, Ju Jumei, Wan Baoying, Qiu Jianyong, Man Xuebin, Zun Xiaohe, and Huo Jin Zhou.
About the Author
Wang Baocheng, male, Han ethnicity, Nanzhuang Village, Wuliyuan Township, Xiuwu County, born in July 1969, joined the work in 1990, graduated from the Department of Library Science of Zhengzhou University, once served as the director of the Xiuwu County Archives, the deputy director of the Archives and History Bureau, the current deputy director of the Cultural and Historical Committee of the Xiuwu County CPPCC, and the member of the Ninth CPPCC Committee of Xiuwu County.