Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (1)
Xinjiang, known as the Western Regions in ancient times. The Qing unified its territory, called Hui Xinjiang, and set up the general Ili. In 1884, taking the meaning of "new return to the homeland", Xinjiang Province was officially established.
In 60 BC, the western Han dynasty central government established the "Western Regions Capital Protectorate" in Wuleicheng (in present-day Luntai County), and Xinjiang officially became Chinese territory. In 552 AD the Turks unified the Western Regions. In 640, the Tang Dynasty sent troops to capture Gaochang City, changed the area to Xizhou, and established the Anxi Capital Protectorate here, which was later moved to Guizi, with jurisdiction over the "Four Towns of Anxi" such as Guizi, and the jurisdiction over the vast area south of the Tianshan Mountains. In 702, the Tang Dynasty established the Beiting Capital Protectorate in Beiting (present-day Jimsar), which governed the area north of the Tianshan Mountains.
In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the Tubo regime stepped up its attack on the Western Regions, once occupying most of Xinjiang, and in 866 Tubo withdrew from the Western Regions due to the westward migration of the Uighur Khaganate. In 840, the Uighurs migrated west from the Mongolian plateau and established the Xizhou Uighur Dynasty, centered on Turpan, and the Qarakhanid Dynasty, centered on Kashgar, which together with the then Khotanese Kingdom formed three parallel regimes in the Western Regions. In 1132, the Khitan conquered these three regimes, unified the Western Regions and established the Western Xia Dynasty. In 1218, during Genghis Khan's western expedition, he defeated the Western Xia and unified the Western Regions. In 1271 Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty, and the Western Regions were administered by the Yuan government.
In the second half of the 14th century, when the Ming Dynasty was established, the Western Regions coexisted with the Eastern Chagatai State, the Turpan Kingdom, the Yarkand Khanate, the Hami Kingdom, the Washi Khanate and other regimes, all of which were descendants of The Mongol nobles, of which the Eastern Chagatai State was the most powerful, and in 1543 the Yarkand Khanate replaced the Eastern Chagatai State as the de facto ruler of the Western Regions. In order to control the administration of the Western Regions, the Ming Government specially set up guards in Hami, which served as the highest administrative and military institution for the Ming Government to administer the Western Regions.
In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, the Western Regions were ruled by the Mongol Dzungars, whose leader was Kaldan, who used force to annex the Mongols and the Eruts, and pushed the Turks to the Volga Valley in Russia. At the beginning of the 18th century, the Dzungar nobles took the opportunity to rebel, and the Qianlong Emperor sent a large army to suppress the rebellion in 1755, and finally completely eliminated the Dzungar Khanate and unified the Western Regions. After the pacification of Dzungar, the leading figures of the Muslim sect, Imin and Ishaq, historically known as "Great and Small", and in 1757, they established the "Batur Khanate" in Kucha to openly confront the Qing government. In 1759, the Qing government sent troops to directly attack The yarkand and Kashgar strongholds of Dahezhuo, quell the rebellion, and unify Xinjiang. In 1771, the Mongolian Turk tribe, which had been excluded in the Volga River Valley, returned to the embrace of the motherland after 8 months of suffering after 150 years.
After the Opium War, because the Qing government had no time to look west, the Tsarist Russia took the opportunity to encroach on China's Xinjiang region, and they illegally occupied more than 440,000 square kilometers of china's western territory through armed migration, the establishment of military strongholds and scientific investigations, and the signing of unequal treaties. At this time, the Central Asian Khanate headed by Agubai, with the support of British and Russian imperialism, invaded Xinjiang in 1865, and they first entered Kashgar, and quickly occupied seven cities, including Yarkand, Hotan, Aksu, and Kucha, and established the "Zhedeshar regime". At the same time, Tsarist Russia also took the opportunity to invade the Ili region. In order to maintain the unity of the country, Zuo Zongtang led an army of 80,000 men into Xinjiang in 1875 and recovered all of Xinjiang's territory except the Ili region in 1878. After the signing of the Sino-Russian Ili Revised Treaty, the Qing government recovered most of the territory of the Ili region, but more than 10,000 square kilometers of land west of Khorgos still belonged to Russia, leaving behind a so-called "Pamir problem".
In order to ensure the long-term peace and stability of Xinjiang, under the initiative of Zuo Zongtang, Xinjiang was established as a province in 1884, and the provincial capital was moved from Ili to Dihua City in Urumqi, and the whole of Xinjiang was divided into 4 provinces, 6 provinces, 10 departments, 3 prefectures, 21 counties and 2 counties.
Xinjiang was peacefully liberated in 1949, and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was established in 1955, referred to as Xinxin, with the capital urumqi city. Until 2021? Xinjiang has jurisdiction over the following 4 prefecture-level cities, 5 regions, and 5 autonomous prefectures. In 2020, it has an area of 1.16 million square kilometers and a population of 21.64 million.
Urumqi City
Originally Dihua City, in 1953, it was restored to its old name urumqi city. "Urumqi" means "beautiful pasture" in Mongolian. Urumqi was a pasture in ancient times, and the Western Regions Protectorate of the Han Dynasty began to send troops to Tuntian, and the Sui Dynasty began to have "mutual market" activities. In 640, the Tang Dynasty government established Ting Prefecture in the northern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains, with jurisdiction over 4 counties, and present-day Urumqi is Luntai County. In 702, Tang set up the Beiting Capital Protectorate in Tingzhou. In 1755, the area was officially named Urumqi. In 1763, the old Tucheng was expanded to the north, and the Qianlong Emperor renamed it "Dihua", which means "enlightenment and indoctrination". In 1884, Xinjiang Province was established, the provincial capital Dihua, and in 1945, Dihua was officially established as a city. In 1954, Dihua City was renamed Urumqi City. Until 2021? In January, Urumqi has jurisdiction over the following 7 districts and 1 county.
Tianshan District: The former site of Dihua City and Xinmancheng and Chengxiang in the Qing Dynasty. The Western Han Dynasty belonged to the Raiding Kingdom and the Beilu Kingdom, the Eastern Han Dynasty belonged to the Six Kingdoms of Cheshi, the Three Kingdoms belonged to the rear of Cheshi, in 640 tang it belonged to Tingzhou, later to the Beiting Dadu Protectorate, the Song belonged to Xiliao, the Yuan belonged to Bei lost Bali, the Ming belonged to the Walla and Shuote departments, and later to the Dzungar Department of Kumunoyat Nomadic Land. In 1758, a tucheng castle was built outside the present-day south gate, and in 1763 it was expanded to Dihua Castle. In 1773, it belonged to Dihua Prefecture, and in 1886 it belonged to Dihua Province. In 1913, it belonged to Dihua County, and in 1945 it belonged to Dihua City. In 1953, it became a district of Urumqi City. In 1957, the Tianshan District was established, and in 1960, the Dosluk District was merged into the Tianshan District.
Shayibak District: "Shayibak" means Uyghur for "garden on the Gobi Desert". In 1884, it belonged to the central district of Dihua County. In 1944, it belonged to the jurisdiction of Dihua City. Shayibak District was established in 1957.
New urban area: Before 1960, it belonged to Shayibak District, and in 1960, a new urban district office was added. In 1980, the People's Government of the New Urban Area was established.
Shuimogou District: More than 200 years ago, it was named after people who used the water flow in the ditch to open a water mill, which originally belonged to Dihua County. In 1944, it was assigned to Dihua City. In 1956, the Shuimogou Industrial and Mining Area was established, and in 1961, the Shuimogou Industrial and Mining Area and Badaowan Town were merged to form the Shuimogou District.
Toutunhe District: Named after the West Toutun River, it belonged to Urumqi County before liberation. In 1938, the Soviet Union helped build a small agricultural machinery repair plant here, and after 1949, the troops stationed in Xinjiang built the Xinjiang Bayi Iron and Steel Factory here. In 1956, Urumqi City established Toutunhe Town here, and in 1961, it was changed to Toutunhe District.
Dabancheng District: Dabancheng has a long history, in 640 the Tang Dynasty established Xizhou in Gaochang, and Dabancheng belonged to Gaochangdi. In 1762, jiade city was built in the Qing Dynasty, which was successively subordinated to Dihua Prefecture and Dihua County. In 1934, the town of Daban was established, which belonged to Dihua County. In 2002, the Ulabo Subdistrict in tianshan District of Urumqi City and the town of Daban in Urumqi County and the surrounding 4 townships were separated and merged into Nanquan District of Urumqi City. Nanquan District was renamed Dabancheng District of Urumqi City.
Attached: The former Nanshan Mining Area and Nanquan District: Before the Han and Tang Dynasties, the Cheshi clan settled here. In 1958, it was the land of Heshuo County, in 1959 it was the Aiwei Guolin Mining Area of Hejing County, and in 1966 it was the "third-line" construction area of Urumqi City. In 1971, part of Hejing County was separated and the Nanshan Mining Area of Urumqi City was established. In 1986, parts of Toxon County were separated and merged into the Nanshan Mining Area. In 1999, the Nanshan Mining Area was renamed Nanquan District.
Midong District: In 2007, Miquan City of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture was abolished, Dongshan District of Urumqi City was abolished, and the abolished Miquan City and Dongshan District were merged to form Midong District of Urumqi City.
Attached: Dongshan District: In 1987, the Lucaogou Township of Urumqi County and the Kaziwan Office of Shuimogou District were separated to form the Dongshan District of Urumqi City.
Attached: Miquan City: Before the Western Han Dynasty, the territory was successively a nomadic land of the Sai seed, the Great Moon Clan, and the Xiongnu ethnic groups. The Northern Zhou Dynasty was Turkic, and the Sui Dynasty belonged to the Western Turks. In 640, Tang set up Tingzhou in the northern foothills of the Tianshan Mountains, and the Luntai County under its jurisdiction was the Great Broken City in the territory of Miquan. Song was a uighur territory of Gaochang, and the Yuan genus was lost for eight miles. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was a nomadic area of Wallachia. In the Ming Dynasty, it was successively based on the Heshuo Special Department and the Erut Ministry. In 1762, the Qing Dynasty established Jihuai City, which was subordinate to Dihua Prefecture. In 1884, it belonged to Dihua County. In 1928, Qiande County was founded, and in 1953 it was renamed Miquan County, so it was named after the abundant rice in Diduoquan and belonged to Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture. In 1996, the county was withdrawn to establish Miquan City.
Urumqi County: Dihua County was established in 1886. In 1953, it was renamed Urumqi County.
Karamay City
Karamay City: Karamay means "black oil" in Uyghur, and got its name from a natural asphalt hill near the city, Black Oil Mountain. In 1955, the first oil well in Black Oil Mountain was injected, then known as Karamay Oilfield, which was the first large oilfield developed after the founding of New China. Before the establishment of the city, the county-level Dushanzi Town was directly under the jurisdiction of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and the rest of the areas were the Tacheng Area and the territories of Buxel Mongol Autonomous County, Shawan County and Tori County. The city of Karamay was established in 1958 and upgraded to a prefecture-level city in 1982. In 1984, it was a county-level city directly under the jurisdiction of the autonomous region, and in 1990 it was restored to a prefecture-level city. Until 2021? In January, Karamay City administers the following 4 districts.
Dushanzi District: Named after the "Mayitake Mountain" at the southern end of the territory, which means "Dushan" in Uyghur. The Kazakh language is called "Mayitau", which means "oil mountain". Dushanzi oil exploitation began in 1897. In 1936, the introduction of Soviet technology and equipment began to form a mining area where oil workers lived on the northern slope of Dushanzi. In 1955, Dushanzi Mining District was established, and in 1956 it was renamed Dushanzi Town, a county-level town directly under the jurisdiction of each autonomous region. In 1958, Karamay City was established, and Dushanzi Town was renamed Dushanzi District of Karamay City.
Karamay District: In 1990, Karamay City was upgraded from a county-level city to a prefecture-level city, and in the same year, Karamay District was established. The district administers 6 subdistricts, 1 township and 1 state-run ranch. The Municipal People's Government and nearly 40 county-level units under the Xinjiang Petroleum Administration are located in the district, and there are also 4 agricultural and animal husbandry regiments in the territory, including the 129th Regiment of the Seventh Agricultural Division, the 130th Regiment, the 55th Agricultural Machinery Factory and the 136th Regiment of the 8th Agricultural Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.
Baijiantan Area: It is a major production area of the Karamay Oilfield. Before liberation, it was a Gobi desert, with water in the low-lying areas, reeds everywhere, and wild animals such as yellow sheep. Nomadic herders once took the name "Jeran Brak", which means "the place where yellow sheep gather". In 1955, oil workers explored here and saw that there was a vast expanse of saline and alkali everywhere, so they named it "White Alkali Beach". In 1982, baijiantan district was established, abolished in 1984, and restored in 1991.
Urhe District: "Urho" means "condom" in Mongolian. According to the investigation, there used to be a lot of grass and trees here, there are many wild animals, and the local Mongolian herdsmen use the method of setting up condoms to hunt wild animals, so this area is called "Urhe". Until 1958 it was a township in Buksel Mongol Autonomous County. In 1958, it was transferred to karamay city and set up urho office. In 1982, Urho District was established.
Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
Ili got its name from the Ili River. In ancient times, Ili generally referred to the Ili River Basin and the vast area east and south of Lake Balkhash. In 160 BC, the Wusun people who moved in from the Hexi Corridor of Gansu established the State of Wusun in Ili, and the following year submitted to the Han Dynasty and were subordinate to the Western Regions Capital Protectorate. In 1927, the Ili Special District was established. In 1952, Yining County was dissolved into Yining City, and the Yili Special Office was stationed in Yining City. In 1954, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture was established, with jurisdiction over Ili, Tacheng and Altay. In 1955, the Ili Prefecture was abolished, and the counties under the former Ili Prefecture were directly administered by the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. In 1975, the Ili region was restored and belonged to the leadership of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. In 1979, the Ili region was abolished, and the cities and counties were transferred to the jurisdiction of the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. In 1985, the Ili area was reinstated, and in 2001, the Ili region was abolished. At present, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture has direct jurisdiction over 3 cities, 7 counties and 1 autonomous county and tacheng and Altay regions.
First, Ili Prefecture directly under the central government, counties and autonomous counties
Yining City and Yining County: The old name of Yining is Gulzha, which means "big-headed sheep" in Mongolian. In 1888, Ningyuan County was established. In 1913, it was renamed Yining County. In 1952, Yining City was dissolved from Yining County.
Kuitun City: "Kuitun" means "extremely cold" in Mongolian, and the place name is derived from the Kuitun River. In 1913, Kuitun became a dependency of Wusu County. In 1957, the headquarters of the 7th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps was moved from the fort to Kuitun.
In 1958, Kuitun was separated from Wusu County and transferred to Karamay City. In 1975, the county-level city of Kuitun was established and placed under the jurisdiction of Ili Prefecture.
Khorgos City: In 2014, the county-level Khorgos City was established with the Khorgos Port and parts of the adjacent Hot Springs County and Huocheng Counties of Kazakhstan, which is under the jurisdiction of Ili Oblast.
Qabchar Xibo Autonomous County: "Qabchar" is the Mongolian word for "sunken pass", originally the name of the canal dug by the Xibe people during the Qing Jiaqing period, which is the Xibe language, meaning "granary". During the two Han Dynasties, Qabchar was in a secluded area, and he successively lived for Sai Zhong and Yue Clan. In 1767, there were eight banners of Xibo, later known as Xibo Camp. In 1888, it belonged to Ningyuan County. Henan County was established in 1940, renamed Ningxi County in 1944, and renamed Sumur County. In 1950, it was renamed Ningxi County, and in 1954, it was renamed Qabchar Xibo Autonomous County.
Huocheng County: Huocheng is the abbreviation of "Khorgos". "Khorgos" means "livestock land" in Mongolian. In 1888, suiding county was established in the Qing Dynasty. In 1914, the area west of the Erdao River in Suiding County was separated into Khorgos County (named after the Khorgos River), and in 1947 it was renamed Huocheng County. In 1965, Suiding County was renamed Suiding County, and the following year it was merged into Huocheng County.
Gongliu County: "Gongliu" has the meaning of "consolidating long stay", and the Kazakh language "Togusta Circumnavigation" means nine tributaries. In 1888, the Qing Dynasty set up Ningyuan County, and Gongliu belonged to Ningyuan County. Gongliu County was established in 1932.
Xinyuan County: Located in the upper reaches of the Gongnais River, it takes the name of "Xinyuan" County, which means newly reclaimed grassland or newly opened wilderness. Since the two Han Dynasties and the Jin Dynasty, both were the land of Wusun, and in 1888, Ningyuan County was established, which belonged to Ningyuan County. In 1930, it was called Gongliu County, and it was the pastoral area in the east of Gongliu County. Xinyuan County was established in 1946.
"Zhaosu County: "Zhaosu" is named after the "Zhao" character of "Lama Zhao" (Shengyou Temple) and the "Su" character of "Liusu Gate". In Chinese, it means "zhaoran recovery" and "regain vitality". During the Western Han Dynasty, it was a pastoral area of the Sai people, the Great Moon Clan, and the Wusun People. In 1885, Zhaosu belonged to Ningyuan County, and in 1932, Gongliu County was dissolved, and Zhaosu belonged to Gongliu County. In 1937, Turks County was separated from Gongliu County, and in 1942 it was renamed Zhaosu County.
Turks County: "Turks", one is the Turkic meaning of "wild goat" or "yin side, yin slope"; the second is the Mongolian "Turks", which means the horizontal flow of the plain wilderness. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, it was a nomadic land of the Mongolian Dzungars, and during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Erut Battalion was established as the pasture land of the Lower Five Banners. In 1934, the Turks Bureau was established by Gongliu County, and in June 1937, Turks County was dissolved. During the "Three Districts Revolution" it was renamed Kyzylkure (Kazakh for "red temple"). In 1951, it was renamed Turks County.
Nilek County: "Nilek" is the Mongolian word for baby. After the Qing Dynasty in 1765, the Five Banners of the Erut Battalion grazed cattle here, and the name of the land was "Neelha". The county was formerly under the jurisdiction of Yining County. In 1939, Gongha County was established. It was renamed Nilik County in 1953 and Nilke County in 1954.
2. Tacheng area
Tacheng is the abbreviation of Talbahatai City. "Tarbahatai" is the Mongolian word for marmot. In the Qin Dynasty, the Tacheng area was a nomadic land of Hujie and Cypriots. In the 1750s, Tarbahatai was one of the three major towns on Tianshan North Road. In 1763, the Tarbahatai military platform was set up in Yar (present-day Urzar, Kazakhstan), and the following year the city of Zhaofeng was built. In 1766, the Counsellor's Office was moved eastward for more than 200 miles, and the Appeasement City of Tarbahatai (hereinafter referred to as Tacheng, now Tacheng) was rebuilt. In 1888, the TalBahatai Direct Subordinate Hall was established. In 1913, the Tacheng Directly Affiliated Department was changed to Tacheng County. In 1916, Tacheng Road was established, with jurisdiction over tacheng, Wusu and Shawan counties. In 1929, Tacheng Road was changed to Tacheng Administrative District. In August 1945, the Tacheng Commissioner's Office of the Provisional Government of the "Three Districts Revolution" was established. In August 1950, Tacheng Special District was established, with jurisdiction over 6 counties, and in 1970, Tacheng Special District was renamed Tacheng District. By 2021, Tacheng District has jurisdiction over 3 cities, 3 counties and 1 autonomous county.
Tacheng: During the Western Han Dynasty, it was the right land of the Xiongnu, and in the Qing Dynasty, it was placed in Tarbahatai. In 1888, the Tacheng Directly Affiliated Office was established, and in 1913, It was renamed Tacheng County. In 1916, Tacheng County was ruled with Tacheng Road and was subordinate to Tacheng Road. From 1917 to 1942, Hefeng, Emin, and Yumin were separated from Tacheng County. In 1984, Tacheng County was renamed Tacheng City.
Wusu City: "Wusu" is the abbreviation of "Kulkhala Wusu", "Kulkhala Wusu" is Mongolian "has the meaning of the black river or the river of clear springs where the snow flows". In 1913, Wusu County was established, and in 1996, it was renamed Wusu City.
Shawan City: Because there is a Manas River in the territory, it flows through the edge of the North Shawo, forming the landform and landscape of Shaduowanduo, also known as the Three Rivers. In 1915, it was separated from Suilai County (Manas) and started as Shawan County, and later belonged to a variety of changes. In 2021, Shawan City will be established.
Emin County, Tori County: Named after the Emin River. "Emin" means saddle in Mongolian. In the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Wusun, and in the Yuan Dynasty, it was the fiefdom of Wokoutai, the son of Genghis Khan, and was once built on the south bank of the Emin River, called Yemili City. In 1764, the Tarbahatai Political District was established. When the county was established in 1918, it was renamed Emin County. In 1952, Tori County was separated from Emin County.
Yumin County: The name of a Chinese county takes the meaning of a wealthy people. The Kazakh name is Tsakhantohai (Mongolian, meaning Poplar Ditch or White River Bay), and the two language names coexist. The Qing Dynasty was a nomadic scattered tent of the Mongol and Kazakh tribes, and in 1913 it belonged to Tacheng County. In 1942, yumin was established in the southern part of Tacheng County, and in 1944 it was upgraded to Yumin County.
Hebuksel Mongol Autonomous County: Named after the territory of Hebuksayer and Purcell Mountain. "Hebuk" means "sika deer" in Mongolian; "Sail" means "horseback". In the pre-Qin period, it was a nomadic land for the Cypriots. In 1929, the Shehe Stologai Bureau was established, and in 1944 it was upgraded to Hefeng County. In 1954, the county level and the Buxar Mongolian Autonomous Region were established, and in 1955, it was reorganized as the Buxar Mongolian Autonomous County.
3. Altay region
"Altay" is derived from the Altai Mountains, which are rich in gold. "Altay" means "gold" in both Turkic and Mongolian. Before the third century BC, the Cypriots raced here. Its descendants were the Huns, the Xianbei, and the Turks who ruled here successively. At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, the Xiongnu were powerful, and various nomadic tribes were ruled by them. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Altai Mountains were the boundary, and the region became the junction of the Eastern and Western Turks. In 646, the Tang Dynasty destroyed xue yantuo and set up the Yanran capital to govern the area. During the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, the region was first the Wokoutai Khanate, then the Yang Zhai King's Department, and the area around Kobdo was called Haixuanweisi (equivalent to a province), and after the establishment of the province, the region belonged to the Lingbei Province. Later, it was subordinate to the Chagatai Khanate and the Province of Bezobali. Since the Qing Dynasty, Altai has been directly subordinate to the central government as a special region, and after the Xinhai Revolution, Altai has been reorganized into a chief clerk and directly subordinate to the central government. In June 1919, the Ashan Road was re-established, and Altai was officially returned to Xinjiang. In 1946, it was changed to the Ashan District Administrative Office.
In 1949, it was reorganized into Ashan Prefecture, which has jurisdiction over 7 counties. In 1954, the Ashan Prefecture was renamed the Altay Region. In 1979, the Altay Region was renamed the Altay Region, and by 2121, the Altay Region had jurisdiction over 1 city and 6 counties.
Altay City: Since the Han Dynasty, it has been a nomadic land for Sai, Xiongnu, Xianbei, Ruoran, Turks, etc.
In 1912, the Nationalist government established the Altai Office and became the center of politics in the Altai region. In 1919, the Altai Office was dismantled and Ashan Road was established; it was directly under the central government and under the jurisdiction of Xinjiang Province. In 1921, Chenghua County was acquired, in 1953 it was changed to Atai County, and in 1954, it was renamed Altay County. In 1984, the county was abolished and the city of Altay was established.
Burzin County: The county got its name from the Burzin River. "Burzin", Veyrat Mongolian. In veyrat, the three-year-old male camel is called "Boer" and "Jin" means herder. The local Kazakh language also refers to the area as "Kuigan" (meaning confluence), where the Burzin River joins the Irtysh River.
In 1919, Altai was assigned to Xinjiang Province and set up Ashan Road. In the same year, Burzin was officially established as a county.
Fuhai County: The Brento Sea (Lake) is Ulungu Lake, commonly known as the Sea. "Brento Sea" means the Mongolian word for cluttered bush. The county is named after the Brento Sea (lake) within its territory. In 1921, Brentohai County was established. In 1942, it was renamed Fuhai County.
Fuyun County: The name of the county is named after the rich treasure hidden underground. Cocoto is a Kazakh word meaning green jungle. One said, the Cocoto sea system Turkic "blue river bend". Also known as Kuertysh (Kazakh for Irtysh without woods). In 1919, it belonged to Brentohai County, Ashan Province, and in 1937, it was established by the cocoto sea from Brentohai County (now Fuhai County), and in 1941 it was promoted to Fuyun County.
Haba River County: The county got its name from the Haba River. "Haba" is a Mongolian word meaning a riverbed with a large slope and more falling water. In 1912, the Haba River region belonged to Burzin County. In 1921, Habahe County was established, and in 1930 it was upgraded to Habahe County.
Qinghe County: Named after the Qinggeli River in its territory. "Qinggeri" means the mongolian word for a beautiful and clear river. In 1919, the Burgen River was established as a bureau, and the following year it was changed to a prefectural bureau. In 1922, the Chahangol County was established, and in 1937, the Qinggri River was set up, and the Burgen River was merged into the Qinggri River. In 1941, it was upgraded to Qinghe County.
Jimunai County: "Jimunai" is a clan name, one of the nine surnames of the Oghuz Khanate. In 1916, Yoshimune Prefecture was established, and in 1930, Yoshimune County was promoted.
Bortala Mongolian Autonomous Oblast
Bortala means "silver-gray steppe" in Mongolian. From the Warring States period to the Western Han Dynasty, Bortala was successively a nomadic land for Saizhong, Yueshi and Wusun. During the Wei and Jin dynasties, it was a soft and pleasant activity area. The Tang Dynasty set up the Shuanghe Governor's Mansion here, which was a nomadic land of the Western Turks. It belonged to the Western Liao from the Song to the early Yuan Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to alimari province, named "Boluo'er", which was a nomadic land of The Mongols of Verat. Ming is a nomadic land of wattle thorns, named "tile thorns".
In the early Qing Dynasty, the nomadic land of the Dzungars, in 1757, Chahar officers and soldiers were stationed in Bortala. In 1888, the Jinghe Hall was established, in 1913 it was set up in Jinghe County, in 1920 it was set up in Bor County, and in 1942 it was set up as Hot Spring County. In 1954, bortala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture was established. By 2021, Bozhou has jurisdiction over 2 cities and 2 counties.
Bole City: "Bole" is the abbreviation of "Bortala". Bole has a long history, and the earliest record is the "Bro City" built after the construction of the Western Liao Dynasty by Yelü Dashi in the 12th century AD. In 1888, it belonged to the Jinghe Directly Subordinate Hall. In 1920, Bole Tara County was dissolved from Jinghe County, and in 1950 it was renamed Bole County. In 1985, the county was reorganized into Bole City, which was the capital of Bozhou and the seat of the Fifth Agricultural Division of the Construction Corps.
Alashankou City: Alashankou City is bordered by Tory County to the east, Lake Abbey to the south, Bole City to the west, and Kazakhstan to the north. In 1990, the Alashankou Port was established, and in 2003, it was listed by the state as a key construction and priority development port. In 2011, alashankou Comprehensive Free Trade Zone was established. In 2012, the county-level city of Alashankou was established.
Jinghe County: The county is named after the Jinghe River in its territory. "Jing" is the quasi-word, "steaming" meaning. In the Tang Dynasty, it was called the Shiqi River, and the "Western Regions Atlas" was the Jinghe River, and "Jing" was the Mongolian word for "cool". During the Qing Guangxu period, it was renamed Jinghe. In 1771, the Turks returned to the motherland, and part of it was resettled in Jinghe. In 1888, Jinghe was directly subordinated to the Fumin Department, and in 1913, Jinghe County was established.
Hot Spring County: Hot springs are a transliteration of the Mongolian word "Arixiang", because the county has many hot springs, so it is named. Also known as Bogdal, Mongolian, meaning "behind the sacred mountain". During the Qin and Han dynasties, it was the territory of the Xiongnu and Wusun. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, it belonged to the An Turkic land. After Qing Qianlong quelled the Dzungar rebellion, he sent the Mongolian Chahar Ministry Lao Baqi to garrison this area. In the Qing Dynasty, it was a subordinate territory of the Jinghe Directly Subordinate Hall. In 1938, the Hot Spring Bureau was established by the Analysis of Bole County, and in 1941, it was changed to Hot Spring County.