Xie Qian (leader)
Xie Qian was born in the year of the change of Yingzong Tumu Fort and the invasion of the south (1449), this year the defense war of Beijing, which concerned the fortunes of the Ming Dynasty, began, the northern provinces were highly tense, and the garrisons of Shandong and Henan rushed to the Beijing Division qinwang in a hurry, but the southern provinces thousands of miles away did not wave and the daily life was still the same. In this year, the old Xie family of Yuyao (Xie Qian's son traced the family tree and traced the family to the Famous Scholar Xie An of the Eastern Jin Dynasty) moved to a new house, and the first son of the old Xie family was also born in this year, so he was named Xie Qian. One of the key figures of ZTE Daming has stepped onto the stage of history.
Also invade first
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="48" > first, before the career</h1>
A series of wars, such as Tumu Fort and the Defense Of Beijing, caused the production of the north to be seriously abandoned, and it was necessary to repair various infrastructure and city defense palaces after the war, and to redeem Yingzong, which naturally had to be transferred to the peaceful southern provinces, which caused the slow economic development of daming in the following years.
Xie Qianjia is a local family, at least a landlord in the township, his family will give charity every year during the Qingming Or flood and drought disaster, because there are too many outsiders who benefit, everyone is grateful for the kindness of the Xie family, so they call the street where their ancestral hall is located "Xie Family Road".
Xie Qian's grandfather, KeJu Zhengtu, served in the provincial cloth and political department, and the official rank was not large, but there was a formal rank, which was a formal establishment, and the Xie family was also an official eunuch family.
Xie moved to his hometown of Yuyao
In his memoir "Returning to the Field" in his later years, Xie Qian said that his family "cultivated and read in the world, and kept to himself in peace", which showed that his family attached great importance to education. Xie Qian followed Yan Shi from an early age, worked hard, and won the first place in the township examination in the tenth year of Chenghua (1474) and the first place in the high school in the eleventh year of Chenghua (1475). Zhao Jue, the chief examiner at the time, was greatly appreciative after seeing Xie Qian's examination paper, saying that "worshiping Xiang must be this son also".
After that, Xie Qian followed the routine and entered the Hanlin Academy to study. Although the official rank of the Hanlin system is not high, the highest is only five pins, but the Hanlin system is a necessary path to enter the cabinet, and the cabinet members must be from the Hanlin Academy. Once Hanlin enters the cabinet as an assistant minister, he will often add six Shangshu posts and three dukes and three orphan titles, so Xiao Hanlin is the biggest dream of readers.
Xie Qian
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="56" > two, one soaring</h1>
In the eighth year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign (1495), the head of the cabinet, Qiu Jun, died of illness, and the cabinet was paralyzed in an instant, and Emperor Xiaozong urgently promoted a number of young talents to the cabinet, including The Hanlin scholar Xie Qian. Since Chenghua entered the Hanlin Academy in the eleventh year to this year, xie Qian has been bent over for more than 20 years, reading and repairing books in the Hanlin Academy, and now he is finally going to soar to the sky.
However, a term of Hanlin was instantly promoted to an auxiliary minister, and rumors also rose.
According to the Records of Emperor Xiaozong, Xie Qian was able to enter the cabinet because he befriended Li Guang, The Favored Governor of Emperor Xiaozong, and Xie Qian also used political maneuvering to frame Cheng Minzheng, a stumbling block in the cabinet, to death.
Is what the "Record" says true or false? Wen Shijun can only say that the Records of Emperor Xiaozong was cultivated by Emperor Wuzong's assistant minister Jiao Fang, and Jiao Fang only entered the cabinet by relying on Liu Jin to overthrow Xie Qian. But no matter what the truth is, Xie's move to the cabinet is still a good thing for the next day.
Liu Jin
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="62" > third, dedicated assistance</h1>
Emperor Xiaozong valued Xie Qian's "pure learning and practice", and the purpose of promoting Xie Qian was to let him support the shortcomings of the times and urge the emperor to be cautious and correct his attitude. If Xie Qian walked on thin ice before entering the cabinet and could not see his shadow in the hall at all, after he soared into the sky, he began to "high profile".
Emperor Xiaozong also indulged in Taoism in the middle and late period, and Li Guang, Emperor Xiaozong's favorite overseer, was promoted by Daoshu. At that time, Li Guang tricked the emperor into asking the cabinet to write the Three Qing Music Scores, and the great cabinet did not work, but all went to write lyrics, and all the affairs of the world were shelved, which was very absurd. Most of the cabinet did not dare to refute the demands of the emperor and Li Guang, and only Xie Qian bluntly said that "the three Qings are evil and delusional", and said that the rule of chaos in the world does not rely on the power of ghosts and gods, but is decided by the monarch, and the cabinet is not an institution that sneaks around, but wants to "cultivate the original and correct the lack". After Emperor Xiaozong calmed down, he also felt that Xie Qian was right. In this way, Xie Qian did his first job after entering the cabinet, which can also be regarded as laying his position in the cabinet.
Xie Qian (front row, first from left)
During the Xuanzong period, he founded the Jing Feast and the Japanese Lecture, that is, the Hanlin Academy gave history classes or academic seminars to the Emperor, and the feast procedure was cumbersome three times a month, and the Daily Lecture was more casual, but it was abandoned because the later emperors were lazy. During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong, the feasts and lectures were resumed, and Xie Qian was the first lecturer, and he "preached the purpose of the sages and spoke bluntly", which gave Emperor Xiaozong a lot of inspiration for governing state affairs.
Filial piety
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="68" >4</h1>
It is generally believed that Emperor Xiaozong was the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, who founded the Ming Dynasty Zhongxing, but he also trusted the eunuchs. Daming Zhongxing, but the eunuch's twenty-four yamen have not changed, the foundation of the eunuch's interference in the government is still there, Xie Qian had directly gone to the estranged hope to strike the East Factory, And Emperor Xiaozong resolutely refused to do it in the name of the ancestors' law, and the removal of the official eunuchs was also gone. Moreover, Li Guang, who was favored by Emperor Xiaozong, was also a temporary castration, leaving a name in history with the account of yellow rice (gold) and white rice (silver). Therefore, although the status of Emperor Xiaozong's courtiers was greatly improved compared with the past, his power was still inferior to that of eunuchs.
Ming Dynasty eunuchs
Before Emperor Xiaozong's death, Xie Qian, Liu Jian, and Li Dongyang were appointed ministers to assist Zhu Houzhao on the throne. At this time, Tianzi was young, and Xie Qian and others were the emperor's personally sealed ministers, so they could naturally realize their political ideals and change the great harm of eunuch power in the Ming Dynasty. This is the "Forty Things" of Emperor Wuzong that Xie Qian improved on the basis of the "Fifteen Matters of Forgiveness" proposed but not implemented by Emperor Xiaozong in his later years.
Xie Qian, Liu Jian, Jiao Fang
In the process of implementing the reform, Emperor Wuzong's favored overseer Eight Tigers became powerful and began to do evil deeds, and Xie Qian and other celebrities who were concerned about the world were impatient, and finally the "Forty Things" rose to the level of Daming's ills - eunuch politics.
Emperor Wuzong of Ming and the eunuch Liu Jin
Xie Qian and others originally wanted to take advantage of the emperor's young age to strengthen the authority of the cabinet, promote the reform of eunuchs, reduce the number of eunuchs in the palace and local town eunuchs, and reduce the eunuchs of the manufacturing bureaus in the south; strengthen the authority of the three legal departments and crack down on the judicial affairs of eunuchs; re-establish the authority of the cabinet and suppress the superintendent of ceremonies.
For these goals, Xie Qian and others moved around.
But Xie Qian was too impatient, and finally they were repulsed. The young emperor was extremely assertive, and the political actions of Xie Qian and others jumping up and down made Emperor Wuzong have a serious sense of crisis. In the end, with Xie Qian and others plotting to eliminate the Eight Tigers as the fuse, Xie Qian and others were ruthlessly abandoned by the emperor, and in a one-night coup, the reforms planned by Xie Qian and others for many years were destroyed, and Xie Qian and Liu Jian resigned in anger.
Ming Wuzong
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="79" > Wen Shijun said</h1>
After Xie Qian's resignation, the cabinet power developed since the Xiaozong dynasty was fully liquidated, and the eunuch forces that had been suppressed for many years began to rebound and completely overwhelmed the cabinet, and the eunuch Liu Jin became the "standing emperor". Liu Jin originally intended to take revenge on Xie Qian after he resigned from office, but Li Dongyang, the head of the cabinet at the time, privately begged Liu Jin, and finally exchanged it for depriving Xie Qian of all honors in exchange for the peace of Xie Qian and others. After Liu Jin was killed, the imperial court rehabilitated Xie Qian and restored all honors, and Xie Qian during the Jiajing period once again entered the cabinet.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="81" > references</h1>
History of the Ming Dynasty, Zhonghua Bookstore, 2011.
Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1982.
Guo Hou'an: The Biography of the Hongzhi Emperor, China Society Publishing House, 2008.
(Author: Haoran Wenshi Purple Orange)
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