Aischi is a Yunnan Tengchong and Shunren, and the great achievement of his life is "Popular Philosophy". With a new vision, he opened up the path of popularization and popularization of philosophy.
No one would have watched Popular Philosophy and been indifferent, but many more people know that there would be no "Popular Philosophy" without Aischi.
Aischi's former residence is located in Tengchong and Shunzhen, which is the ancient Sichuan-Yunnan Burmese India "Southern Silk Road" must pass through, the former residence of Shuidi Village, next to this "Guanma Avenue". On the lintel of the gatehouse hangs a plaque of "Aischi Memorial Hall" inscribed by Mr. Chu Tunan. It is said that in 1923, Mr. Chu taught at Kunming Provincial No. 1 Middle School, and Aischi was his disciple.
The former residence was built in the eighth year of the "Republic of China" (1919 AD), and was built by Aischi's father, Li Yueyuan, when he was the director of the Department of Civil Affairs and Justice in Yunnan and the superintendent of mining affairs. Li Yueyuan was a descendant of the Mongols, who had participated in the Alliance led by Sun Yat-sen, served as the secretary general of Cai Yi's Defending The Army, and personally drafted the "Yuan Yuan Wen", which Zhang Taiyan called "a pen in Tiannan".
Walk down the steps into the gatehouse, inside is a large garden, in the middle of the garden stands a bronze statue of Aischi, the statue of Aischi has a deep vision, thinking for thousands of years. Behind the bronze statue is a two-storey mansion with open doors in the side corners, cornices, thick gates, sturdy steps, and restrained and restrained. The entrance gate is a two-story quad courtyard with a combination of Chinese and Western styles. On the screen inside the gate are the eight characters of "scholar, warrior, sincere person" inscribed by Mao Zedong on Aischi.
The courtyard is full of flowers and trees, and the carved railings on the second floor are full of vines and plants. Upstairs display some of Aischi's manuscripts and supplies, the rest hall has many inscriptions of celebrities, and downstairs displays many precious pictures and materials and manuscripts of Aischi's teenagers during their study and study, the period when they participated in the revolution in Yan'an, and after the founding of New China, they studied, wrote books, and lectured. Imagine Esqui holding a book, looking up at the sky, thinking about the fate of nature, society and even the country, and feeling the ideological breath of a generation of philosophers.
Visiting the historical materials and pictures in the exhibition room, the deepest feeling is the deep philosophical friendship between Mao Zedong and Aischi. The friendship between them was forged by the bond of Popular Philosophy. "Truly popular and valuable books" is Mao Zedong's comprehensive, objective, and scientific evaluation of Popular Philosophy.
Aischi, whose original name was Li Shengxuan, was born in Shuidi in 1910, left Tengchong at the age of two, settled in Kunming with his parents, returned to his hometown at the age of 8 to run for his grandfather's funeral, lived in the small garden of Yuanlongge for half a year, and never came back until his death in 1966. In 2010, the 100th anniversary of Aischi's birth, the ashes welcomed back to Tengchong, and the curator of the inch titled "Gongshan Majestic Welcomes the Heroic Souls of a Generation of Philosophers to Return to Their Hometown, and Yingshui Admires Qianqiu Xiongwen's Legacy and Sends Yo-Yo to Shenzhou". The director of the inch library is not only the old director of the Heshun Library, but also the director of the Aischi Memorial Hall for 12 years, and he tells us a story that has been circulated in the countryside. Once, Xiaoshengxuan secretly hid the cake that his mother had given to the bodhisattva, and when his mother found out, he deliberately said, "It was Maitreya Buddha who stole it." His mother asked him, "Maitreya Buddha is made of porcelain, how can he steal it?" But he had a lot of words: "Since Maitreya Buddha can't eat, what is he offering him?" Don't be superstitious, there are no ghosts at all. Little Esqui, who did not know what "materialism" meant when he was young, had learned to use practice to break through nothingness.
The director of the inch told us: "According to the data, the family of Aischi is darker in skin. In 1925, a publication published by the Commercial Press included an illustration titled "Philosopher" depicting a black cat with a look very similar to the dark-skinned Esquire. Thus, "Black Cat Philosopher" became his nickname. Philosophy is the essence of the zeitgeist. At that time, at the age of 15, he had just completed a lecture on "What is a Materialist View of History", which caused a sensation throughout the middle school campus, and progressive young people wanted to see the true face of the "Black Cat Philosopher".
He said to his friend Lu Wanmei, "I always want to find out a scientific truth about the universe and life, but I feel that it is not clear and mysterious." Reading the works of Marx and Engels, I suddenly felt enlightened. ”
At that time, all kinds of social trends of thought were surging up, but only materialism and dialectics were left in The world of Aischi, and this "black cat" who had talked about the "materialist view of history" became a thorough Marxist philosopher. Aischi realized that for the sake of the reality of the revolution, only by allowing young people who are eager for progress to correctly understand the world and change the world can we light up the spark of new China.
Thus – The Philosophy of the Masses came out.
In the exhibition room, we also saw a poem inscribed by Professor Ma Bi: "A book is a million soldiers, attacking the heart for the victory of the siege of the city; Jiang Jun's defeat was like a mountain, and philosophy was still lost in the name of Ling. There is also a caption next to it.
In 1934, the "Declaration" opened a supplement to the "Reading Questions and Answers", in which Aischi was responsible for the "Philosophical Speech" column, explaining the principles of dialectical materialism in the form of readers' questions and answers or refutations. In order to be as close as possible to the youth and the masses, Aischi began to try to combine Marxist positions, viewpoints, and methods with familiar examples, and to explain various practical problems in society in popular colloquial language, in order to achieve the propaganda and enlightenment role of revolutionary theory.
He used "toads want to eat swan meat" to explain that "everything has its own laws of development" without submitting to man's subjective wishes. "Just as a toad can catch bugs in the water but can't catch swans in the air, if what you want is contrary to the laws of matter, you will have to fall into a laughing stock." Hitler wants to dominate the world, Japanese imperialism wants to conquer the earth, this is a good example of the world everyone understands that 'the toad wants to eat swan meat', and you still have to touch the nail!"
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"Popular Philosophy" is like the torch of the revolution, so that more and more young people understand the future, destiny and historical trend of China from the general trend of social development, and consciously throw themselves into the torrent of revolution. Even Chiang Kai-shek reluctantly admitted: "A copy of "Popular Philosophy" has broken the ideological defense line of the Three People's Principles. ”
On January 19, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected Tengchong and came to the quaint Andshun Library, a landmark of books in Tengchong, and Mr. Cun Maohong, the former fifth director of Heshun Library, introduced the situation of the library to General Secretary Xi Jinping.
Deep in the ancient town, the alley is strangely traced. General Secretary Xi Jinping said while walking in the alleyway that we now need talents like Aischi who can localize Marxism well. We must do a good job in disseminating Marxism, and we must not follow the script and read the scriptures, find chapters and excerpts, but popularize and popularize it. The spirit advocated by Aischi in combining ideas with the times, theory with practice, and philosophy with the people should continue to be carried forward.
Philosophy has a profound impact on life, and any kind of profound learning, if it is to truly influence the masses, must enter the masses. Marx said: "The problem is the voice of the times". The people's demands and the development of history are always expressed in the form of problems, so great people are always the best at taking the pulse of the times, taking problems as the guide, to discover problems, analyze problems, and solve problems, so as to promote the continuous development of history.
Esquirrel is probably such a person. Throughout his life, he unswervingly adhered to his communist ideals and beliefs, providing tension and motivation for life to move forward; With the feeling of a public servant who serves the people with one heart, we always think about problems from the perspective of the people; With a pioneering spirit of innovation, he has opened up the road of popularization and popularization of philosophy, "where there are pots and pans, there is philosophy", he uses stories, life, and examples to tell the profound and lofty philosophy, telling us: "Philosophy is not mysterious, and the traces of philosophy can be found in daily life."
Stepping out of the former residence, the light and shadow on the side of the Yuanlong Pavilion form a beautiful alternation of light and dark on the Dragon Pond, reminiscent of the creation and wisdom contained in a drop of water. Looking back at the bronze statue of Mr. Aischi, a feeling similar to glory rose in his heart, Eschi, a theoretical researcher and propagator of the popularization and localization of Marxist philosophy, he came from the south of the clouds, his homeland, and the sky we breathe.
(This version of the picture is provided by Zhu Wuyuan)