Gunpowder, invented in the late Tang Dynasty as a weapon to destroy the knightly class, deeply influenced the history of the development of military weapons. Even today, although gunpowder has gone through various types of black powder, smokeless gunpowder, etc., which are complicated and diverse due to the differences in weapons, the way of firing metal projectiles using gunpowder gas energy is still absolutely mainstream today.
Black powder was not first developed directly for military use. In ancient times, the alchemical culture was abundant, and the consumption of quicklime for pleasure was not uncommon in ancient books. And it is in this madness, along with the dream of how to carry out immortality that everyone will think about how to carry out the dream of immortality, the ancients began to seek (die) many times, trying to refine this thing with all kinds of strange tricks. In the end, no one practiced the elixir of immortality, but something like black powder appeared.
In 808 AD, the Tang Dynasty alchemist Qing Xuanzi wrote the "Secret Recipe of Taishang Shengzu Jindan", in which the "Fuhuo Alum Method" is the earliest written record of gunpowder in the world: "Sulfur two two, nitrate two two, aristolochia three and a half dollars." Right is the end, mix the knife. Dig a pit and put the medicine into the jar and level it. Cook a piece of fire, the marbles are large, put down inside, and the smoke gradually rises. "This is the earliest record of gunpowder. In today's Laojun Mountain, traces of the existence of large ancient arsenals have been found: the salt pond used for production, 4 working surfaces of hundreds of square meters, and a large number of broken pre-Ming porcelain are scattered in the cave.
By the Song Dynasty, various weapons made of gunpowder during the Northern Song Dynasty, such as gunpowder arrows, hook cones, and thunderbolt fireballs, had long been widely used in the military, and gunpowder and firearms were used many times in the Song Dynasty's attacks against the Jin Dynasty to achieve victory. According to Song Minqiu's "Tokyo Chronicle" quoted in Song Minqiu's "History of the Crane": "Gunpowder work, green kiln work, fierce fire oil work, gold work, fire work, large and small wood work, large and small furnace work, leather work, hemp work, kiln work is also, all have the law of institutional effect." ”
Among them, as the earliest prototype of firearms, the assault rifle was manufactured. According to the "Song Shi Bing Zhi", "In the first year of Kaiqing, he also built a musket, using giant bamboo as a barrel, and the inner ann zi was like a flame, and then the zi yao emitted like a cannon, and it was heard more than one hundred and fifty steps away." "But in the end, these weapons still can't resist the historical process of the destruction of the Great Song."
In the Yuan Dynasty, in 1260, the Mongol army was defeated in the Syrian war, and the Arabs captured rockets, poison canisters, artillery, earthquake thunder and other gunpowder weapons, so as to master the manufacture and use of gunpowder weapons. And in the war between the Arabs and the Europeans, these weapons were introduced to Europe.
In the Ming Dynasty, the emergence of the famous Shenji Battalion marked a new height in the militarized and institutionalized use of gunpowder. According to the "Complete Records of the Biography of the Emperor Ming Tong Ji Fa", "Yongle eight years, conscription of toes, the acquisition of the God machine gun method, the special god machine battalion, the practice of firearms." "
According to history, in order to ensure long-term continuous shooting, the Divine Machine Battalion usually uses the "wheel firing" tactic: the soldiers in the front row immediately return the firearms to the soldiers in the middle row after each shot, and at the same time take the ammunition-loaded Divine Machine Gun from the soldiers in the second row. The soldiers of the second row are responsible, on the one hand, for taking the machine reams that have been fired from the hands of the soldiers in the front row and loading the ammunition passed back to the soldiers in the third row; on the other hand, they are responsible for taking the ammunition machine reams that have been loaded from the hands of the soldiers in the third row and passing them forward to the soldiers in the front row. Such repeated rotations achieve the sustainability of firepower, and the combat effectiveness is very strong. During this period, both in weapons manufacturing and in tactical terms, the use of gunpowder in ancient China reached its peak.
However, under the influence of the Qing Dynasty's closed-door policy and the heavenly kingdom ideology, the use of gunpowder fell into a period of considerable stagnation, and once again developed, and the emperor's backyard was raised by the British and French forces.
If it were not for the large number of historical records and the protection of these ancient books, the ghost knows that today's Korea would not have applied for this thing?
#寻找古籍守护人 #