Introduction to Whampoa Military Academy
In May 1924, Sun Yat-sen, with the help of the Communist Party of China and the Soviet Union, founded the Whampoa Military Academy to train revolutionary military cadres. A system of party representation and a system of political work have been established in the school.
Chiang Kai-shek served as president, Liao Zhongkai served as party representative, Zhou Enlai served as director of the Political Department, Ye Jianying served as deputy director of the Professorial Department, and Communists such as Xiong Xiong, Yun Daiying, Xiao Chunu, Nie Rongzhen, and Zhang Qiuren served as instructors and were responsible for work in all aspects.
The military academy was divided into infantry, artillery, engineers, heavy troops, gendarmes, politics and other sections, and by the time Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12" coup d'état in 1927, there were 4981 graduates of the first to fourth phases of the military academy. The revolutionary army, mainly composed of cadets, participated in the campaign to unify Guangdong and the Northern Expedition.
List of students of the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy
On March 27, 1924, the Whampoa Military Academy held the first freshman entrance examination, and on April 28, the list was released, and the admitted students were organized into 4 teams. On November 30, the first student exam was completed. On June 25, 1925, a 645 graduated.
According to statistics, the lowest among this group of students is a junior high school degree, 18 graduated from college, 63 graduated from college, 26 graduated from college, and 59 graduated from teacher training.
Most of the graduates of the Huangpu Phase I have become important generals in China's common struggle for hegemony in the next twenty years, which can be said to be like stars and strategists.
On the Kuomintang side were Song Xilian, Chen Mingren, Huang Jie, Zheng Zuomin, Hu Zongnan, Wang Jingjiu, Sun Yuanliang, He Zhihan, and so on; on the Communist side, there were Jiang Xianyun, Jin Fozhuang, Zuo Quan, Xu Xiangqian, Chen Geng, Cao Yuan, and others.
Among them, Jiang Xianyun, Chen Geng and He Zhihan were also known as the "Huangpu Three Masters" of the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. Among them, Jiang Xianyun created a record in the history of the Whampoa Military Academy: the results of each course ranked first in the whole school, and he was a veritable "Huangpu Scholar", a record that has not been broken so far.
Sun Yuanliang: Served as the commander of the 88th Division of the National Revolutionary Army, the commander of the 22nd Group Army, and the commander of the 5th Appeasement District of the National Army.
Gui Yongqing: Former division commander, commander-in-chief, commander-in-chief of the Navy of the Republic of China, chief of staff of the Ministry of National Defense of the National Government, and admiral of the Navy of the National Revolutionary Army.
Roach: Former deputy commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army, second-class general of the National Revolutionary Army.
Zuo Quan: Senior general of the Eighth Route Army, proletarian revolutionary, military man, Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army.
Guan Linzheng: Former commander-in-chief of the Army of the Nationalist Government.
Du Yuming: Lieutenant General of the National Revolutionary Army.
Chen Mingren: He served as a major general brigade commander, lieutenant general division commander, army commander, corps commander, and acting chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government of the National Revolutionary Army.
Zhang Zhen: Posthumously awarded the second-class general of the National Revolutionary Army.
Liu Jie: He was the commander of the 93rd Army and the commander-in-chief of the 37th Group Army.
Huang Meixing: Posthumously awarded lieutenant general of the army.
Song Xilian: He served as the commander of the 71st Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the commander-in-chief of the 11th Group Army, the commander-in-chief of the Xinjiang Garrison, the deputy commander-in-chief of the "Suppression of Bandits" in central China, and the commander of the 14th Corps.
Hu Zongnan: Successively served as chairman of the "Zhejiang Provincial Government" and strategic adviser to the "Presidential Office".
Wang Shuming: Awarded to major general of the Air Force in 1941, then commander of the Fifth Road of the Air Force, deputy commander-in-chief and chief of staff of the Air Force on June 29, 1946, promoted to second-class general in October 1953, then commander-in-chief of the Air Force, and later promoted to the first-class general of the Kuomintang Air Force.
Huang Jie: In 1960, he was promoted to general of the Kuomintang Army, minister of "Ministry of National Defense", and strategic adviser of the "Presidential Office".
Huang Wei: Former commander of the 12th Corps.
Gan Lichu: Served as deputy director of the Guilin Appeasement Office and military and political commander of Guidong.
He Zhihan: He Zhihan organized the Sun Wen Doctrine Society and served as the secretary general of the Whampoa Alumni Association, and later served as the director of the Political Training Department of the Military Commission, and was in charge of the intelligence system of the National Government for a long time.
Zheng Zuomin: Served as deputy commander of the Second Army of the Kuomintang Army and commander of the Ninth Division.
Yuan Shouqian: In 1932, he participated in the initiation of the special affairs office of the Revival Society, and in 1937, he was promoted to major general of the National Revolutionary Army, and he was then the deputy director of the Political Training Department of the Military Commission.
In 1945, he was promoted to lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army, and then he was the director of the Founding Army Herald of the Central Military Commission and a member of the Central Executive Committee.
Yuan Pu: In 1961, he was appointed deputy commander-in-chief of the army, and then he was appointed commander of pre-training, and was promoted to second-class general of the army and a member of the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee.
Cai Bingyan: Former brigade commander of the 201st Brigade of the 67th Division of the 18th Army of the Kuomintang Army.
Hou Jingru: Successively served as a member of the Third Central Committee of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, a member of the Standing Committee of the Fourth and Fifth Central Committees, and a vice chairman of the Sixth and Seventh Central Committees.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a counselor of the State Council, a member of the National Defense Commission of the People's Republic of China, and a vice chairman of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
From March 1989 to 1994, he was the vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
Zheng Dongguo: Successively served as deputy commander of the Third Front, deputy commander-in-chief of northeast security, and acting commander-in-chief.
Zhou Shidi: Successively served as the commander of the 1st Battalion, the regimental chief of staff, the acting regimental commander, the regimental commander, and the commander of the 25th Division of the Independent Regiment of the 4th Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
Chief of Staff of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army, Chief of Staff of the Northwest Jin military region, commander and political commissar of the Northern Jinbei Field Army, deputy commander and deputy political commissar of the 1st Corps of the North China Military Region, commander and political commissar of the 18th Corps, deputy commander of the Southwest Military Region,
Commander of the Air Defense Force of the People's Liberation Army.
There are also Xu Xiangqian, Zhong Bin, Huang He, Li Yannian, Li Yutang, Sun Changjun, Li Yuxiang, Feng Ti, Chen Geng, Zhang Kunsheng, Zhou Zhenqiang,
Huo Yuzhang, Li Zhilong, Cai Guangju, Cao Yuan, He Zhihan, Chen Daqing, Yan Yuyao, Xu Jishen, Deng Wenyi, Jiang Xianyun, Wang Zhiqi,
Liu Yuxi, Yu Chengwan, Leng Xin, Huang Yong, Li Mo'an, Fan Hanjie, Liu Yongyao, Ding Bingquan, Ding Delong, Wang Xiong, Deng Jingru,
FANG Riying,WANG Tingzhu,BAI Haifeng,FENG Shengfa,WANG Yi,GAN Qingchi,QIU Shifa,SHI Zude,WANG Jingjiu,CHEN Defa,YOU Song,
Huang Ao, Xuan Tiewu, Zhou Zhenqiang, Li Xianzhou, Zhang Ziqing, Lan Yundong, Peng Ganchen, Xuanxia Father, Yang Puquan, Xu Huizhi, Liang Hanming and others.
Notable people from Whampoa Military Academy
1. Huangpu Sanjie
The "Three Masters" of Huangpu refer to the three most prominent figures among the first batch of cadets of the Whampoa Military Academy, who were lined up at that time by Jiang Xianyun, Chen Geng and He Zhihan. The first two were staunch Communists, while He Zhihan had a transformational process, first as a member of the League and then as a sworn enemy of the Communist Party.
2. Communist officers
Zuo Quan, Chen Geng, Zhou Yiqun, Xiao Ke, Xu Xiangqian, Lin Biao, Jiang Xianyun, Liu Zhidan, Luo Ruiqing, Huang Gongluo, Zhou Shidi, Wang Erzhuo;
Wang Liang, Xu Guangda, Chen Bojun, Song Shilun, Yang Zhicheng, Guo Tianmin, Chen Qihan, Chen Hao, Tao Zhu, Cheng Zihua, Liao Yunzhou, Feng Dafei;
Cai Shenxi, Zeng Zhongsheng, Xu Jishen, Zhao Yiman (female), Zhao Shangzhi, Xuan Xia's father, Ruan Shan (originally from Vietnam), Li Yunchang, Duan Dechang;
He Shengyang, Xiao Fang, Zhou Weijiong, Yang Qigang, Peng Ganchen, Yan Yuyao, Guo Huaruo, Chen Yi'an, Wang Yi, Tan Xilin, Peng Mingzhi, Cao Yuan;
Tang Tianji, Zhang Zongxun, Liu Yuxi, Lu Deming, Li Zhilong, Zhang Ziqing, Yu Shandu, Xu Yangang, Zeng Shi'e, Zhu Yunqing, Chen Dongri;
Cao Fuchang, Deng Ping, Tang Shu, Jiang Jingtang, Chang Qiankun, Wu Zhonghao, Liu Shuxi.
3. Kuomintang officers
Du Yuming, Hu Zongnan, Zhang Lingfu, Zheng Dongguo, Song Xilian, Mao Renfeng, Guan Linzheng, He Zhihan, Qiao Jiacai, Deng Wenyi, Li Xianzhou;
Li Mo'an, Chen Mingren, Kang Ze, Zheng Jiemin, Li Yannian, Li Mi, Hu Lian, Tang Shengming, Yu Jishi, Huang Wei, Dai Ka, Hao Baicun;
Jiang Zhongling, Wang Sheng, Huang Zhenwu, Peng Mengji, Gui Yongqing, Xie Jinyuan, Fan Hanjie, Qiu Qingquan, Cai Wenzhi, Li Guidan, Liao Yaoxiang;
Zheng Zuomin, Wang Jun, Huang Xiang, Zeng Zesheng, Xu Huizhi, Zhao Zili, Que Hanqian, Dong Zhao, Li Tiejun, Luo Qi, He Zhonghan, Hu Jing'an;
Wang Huisheng, Xuan Tiewu, Huang Meixing, Yao Ziqing, Zhong Bin, Chen Yiding, Li Yili, Xiao Zanyu, Dai Anlan, Xiao Zuolin, Tang Shengzhi;
Lin Weili, Lü Xumeng, Qin Yizhi, Jia Botao, Zheng Tingji, Chen Xiuhe, Wen Qiang, Yang Botao, Hou Jingru, Wang Yaowu, Sun Yuanliang;
Liu Jie, Huang Jie, Chen Daqing, Liu Anqi, Gao Kuiyuan, Cai Bingyan, Liao Yunze, Zeng Guoqing, Feng Ti, Zhang Yaoming, Liao Ang;
Wu Qiwu, Peng Shiliang, Qiu Xingxiang, Sun Mingjin, Li Wen, Wang Huaiyi, Wang Jingjiu, Teng Jie, Tang Zhong, Jiang Xiaoxian, Zheng Yunxia.