Historically today, the Treaty of Livadia was signed on October 2, 1879

In 1871, when Agubai, an officer of the Kokand State in Central Asia, invaded Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, and invaded East Asia, russia sent troops to invade the Ili region. The Qing government made many representations with it, and Tsarist Russia refused to withdraw its troops. In the first year of Guangxu, the Qing government appointed Zuo Zongtang, the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, as the minister of Qincha to supervise the military affairs of Xinjiang. In the third year of Guangxu, Zuo Zongtang defeated Agubai and recovered all of Xinjiang's territory except for the Ili region occupied by Tsarist Russia. The Qing government appointed Chonghou as a first-class Minister of Chincha on an envoy to Russia and went to the Russian capital to negotiate the recovery of Ili. The Sino-Russian negotiations began in early january of the fifth year of Guangxu and lasted for nearly nine months. On August 17 (October 2, 1879), Chonghou, under the coercion of Tsarist Russia, signed the Treaty of Settlement of Ili (i.e., the Treaty of Livadia) with Tsarist Russia in Livadia on the shores of the Black Sea without the permission of the Qing government. According to the agreement, China only recovered the upper valley of the Ili River, and lost a lot of land on the western, southern, southern and southern and northern borders of Ili, in addition to paying 5 million rubles (about 2.8 million taels of Chinese silver). This is obviously a treaty that humiliates the country, and the government and the public oppose it one after another. Under the pressure of national public opinion, the Qing court did not approve it.