Text/Liu Jianqiu
TongyinLi is a quiet and simple alley outside the Xiaowu Gate in the east of Changsha City, before the completion of Wuyi Middle Road, it was hidden in the depths of the old street in the east of the city, it is not remarkable, but it has a good and elegant street name, it is said that here was once "Wutong Jia Road, thick shade of the sun", hence the name.
The west end of the old lane in the shade of the tree. Five brothers herding sheep (Tang Wu) in 2013.
With the construction of the May Day Middle Road, its elegant and delicate figure was revealed in the shade of the tung like a beautiful woman hidden in the deep boudoir. Its direction is parallel to may 1st Middle Road, just like the literary and artistic road to the south of it, becoming two parallel auxiliary roads of Wuyi Middle Road. There is no lack of liveliness in the quiet of the tongyin, and the cultural atmosphere of the old city is revealed in the thickness, which is a mysterious and winding historical alley in people's minds
The winding path leads to the shade of the tung tree. Five brothers herding sheep (Tang Wu) in 2013.
Tongyin Li consists of a main roadway and three north-south branch roadways, with a total length of 1027 meters and a width of 5.57 meters, originally a dirt road, which was changed to asphalt pavement in the 1970s, and the main roadway starts from Xinjun Road in the south, twice from south to north, from east to west, and finally to Leek Garden Road. In 1979, the newly built Yingbin Road crossed its central section, and in the late 1990s, the intersection to Leek Garden on its west end was blocked by the construction of the Yinhua Hotel.
Tongyinli in the 1986 map of Changsha's Eastern District
To the north of Tongyinli are the famous red education base Qingshuitang, the Provincial Highway Bureau, the Provincial Military District Hospital, and the Provincial Military District; in the south, there are the solemn Hunan Provincial People's Government (now the Second Courtyard of the Provincial Government), the Provincial Materials Department, the Provincial Coal Department, the Provincial Post and Telecommunications Bureau, the Eastern District Government, and the Twelve Middle Schools; in the east, there are changsha commercial Five Tigers Friendship Store, Apollo Shop, as well as Xinhua Bookstore and Provincial Military District Guest House (Great Wall Hotel); in the west there are the Provincial Transportation Management Bureau, Street Lamp Management Office, Bayi Road Primary School, and Yinhua Hotel. As soon as I heard it, I knew that this was a place of personal excellence, not to mention that there were thousands of kind and upright Tongyinli residents living here.
When I first met Tong Yin, I did not dare to walk the dark alley
Half a century ago I first came to Tongyin. In 1967, when the National Cultural Revolution was in full swing, I was sent down to Lingling County (now Lingling District, Yongzhou City) as a Zhiqing, because of the murder in Daoxian County, not far from my commune, Zhiqing fled back to Changsha to hide in the limelight. The literary and artistic activists among the Zhiqing who had nothing to do spontaneously set up the "Red First-Line Mao Zedong Thought Literary and Art Propaganda Team" with Jiang Yong and Lingling Zhiqing as the main body, and the Agricultural Department Guest House stationed in Tongyin was stationed in Tongyin to rehearse programs (at that time, the Agricultural Department was at the intersection of the current Wuyi Middle Road and the Leek Garden, and the Agricultural Department moved to Education Street when may 1st Middle Road was repaired).
At that time, several of our Lingling Forward Commune had several Zhiqing Deng Jiazhu, Ouyang Shu, Xie Fangyi, Shen Shunyuan, Zhou Anna, Wang Xiang, etc. participated in the Red Front, and they were good friends with us, and sometimes we went to visit them in Tongyin and visited them in the way.
Leek Garden Old Street, 2011. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
Because all films and plays were banned during the Cultural Revolution, the performances of the literary and art propaganda teams of various non-governmental organizations became the few amateur leisure literary and artistic performances that the people of Changsha could watch. The famous red front-line programs "Embracing Comrades-in-Arms" and "The People of Asia, Africa and Latin America Want Liberation" were rehearsed at that time, and these programs once touched tens of thousands of young people and their families.
Tongyin Lane West Section Old Lane. Five brothers herding sheep (Tang Wu) in 2013.
We came to the west entrance of Tongyinli from the leek garden outside Xiaowumen gate and found that there were few residents in the western section of Tongyinli, except for the walls of the dormitory courtyards of some units, only a few old mansions with closed doors. There are only a few households to go to the Guest House of the Department of Agriculture, except for the Guest House of the Department of Agriculture, which is the Kindergarten of the Provincial Department of Commerce. Because the first time we went to Tongyin to play, we had dinner in the propaganda team, and it was already dark, and we were a little timid about the dark alleys in the western part of Tongyin where no one was walking, so we walked not far to the east and walked home from another branch alley to the north.
Then to Tongyin, there are still few people in the east alley
Later, in the mid-1980s, I went to the Changsha Meat Company Kindergarten in the eastern part of this lane to send my daughter to the kindergarten.
The old appearance of the old alley in the eastern section of Tongyin Li has been renewed. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
I rode my bicycle from the main alley in Tongyinli, which I had walked across from the Bayi Road Provincial Military District, to the alley to the north. This is also the first time I walked the east side of Tongyin Lane, into the alley east to the left is a few mansion houses, the right is the suburban vegetable soil, this section is now the leek garden street office to the leek garden police station this section. Turn right from the police station and pass through a narrow and slender alley to reach the Meat Company Kindergarten.
The street office is in the eastern section of Tongyinli. Five brothers herding sheep (Tang Wu) in 2013.
At that time, my lover Wang Peixia and I were both employees of Changsha Meat Company, and the kindergarten was given priority to recruiting the children of employees, so we sent our daughter to the kindergarten of the Meat Company. The meat company kindergarten in the easternmost section of Tongyin turned to the south of the main alley, at that time there were few families in this section, although the alley was nearly 100 meters long, but the northernmost kindergarten only hung the door number four, and the first was connected to the new army road. To the east of this section is the wall of the provincial coal hall dormitory, and to the west is only a few homes.
Tongyinli No. 4 was formerly Changsha Meat Company Kindergarten, now renamed Brown Wind Kindergarten, and my home is just behind the kindergarten. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
At that time, the two kindergartens in Tongyin (the Commercial Department Kindergarten in the western section and the meat company kindergarten in the eastern section) were doing relatively well, which was the welfare of the unit to the employees. The house on the west side of the meat company's kindergarten is still a few old houses, which were later built into the current residential dormitories.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, in addition to some old mansions and old unit dormitories, there were many suburban vegetable farmers in the eastern section of Tongyin, such as the current police station opposite a large piece of vegetable soil. There were not many residents in tongyin in the eastern section at that time, and since then, large-scale high-rise buildings have been built, and from Yingbin Road to the east, most of the old houses have been demolished and converted into six-story residential buildings. The meat company kindergarten also demolished the old garden to build a new garden, vacated a place to build a six-story dormitory for the staff, and my family was also fortunate to share a set, and since then I have become a member of the Tongyin.
Tongyin Lane is the "Longevity Lane"
In the shade of the tree is a longevity lane. According to community statistics, there are 35 people over the age of 90 living here, but several have died this year; there are 204 people aged 80-90, all of whom are happy and healthy.
The only preserved Republic of China mansion in Tongyin, the "Little Red Chamber", now lives liu jiaoyi, a family member of a soldier, who enjoys the right of residence before she was born, about 95 years old, physically strong and sober-minded, but she is a foreigner who accompanies the army, and her accent is difficult to understand, and it is difficult to communicate with her.
Mao Peifang, 100 years old, can be called the oldest birthday star in Tongyin, has been living in Zhengzhou in the past, and only returned to Xiangxiang in recent years to live with the little girl, because of blindness in both eyes, long-term bedridden, but also let people feel the hard work of the son-in-law's descendants. She unfortunately passed away last year.
In March 2019, the secretary of Tongyinli Community visited Li Yu and the elderly. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community
Li Yuhe, a 90-year-old and long-lived old man who was the first director of the provincial coal department, now lives in the coal hall dormitory in the Tongyinli community, and community cadres often visit him.
Chen Jing, a community cadre in Tongyinli, is with Huang Hailin and Wen Chunlan, long-lived elderly people in this street, and their grandfather is 87 years old and their grandmother is 83 years old. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
The old man Huang Hailin, who now lives at No. 35 TongyinLi, is only in his 80s, but he is the earliest resident of this place and has lived here since 1946. Huang Hailin was originally a vegetable farmer, and after liberation, he served as the leader of the resident group, and was changed to an urban hukou when the vegetable farmers were resettled. He has served as the manager of three housing management stations, and has a good economic condition after retirement.
Tongyinli community cadres visit the 90-year-old Liao Yumo elderly. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
Liao Yumo, 90 years old. He is an old resident of the community and one of the most cheerful of the long-lived elderly. The community will often visit these elderly people over the age of 90.
Li Enguang, the old man 94 years old, in 1947 thirteen years old into the city to study, that is, settled in the area of the current police station, has not migrated, the city channel reporter once interviewed him, asked him why he did not live in the Malanshan community bungalow (son's house), but ganju Tongyin in the leaky dark house and happy, he replied: "Children and grandchildren around the knee is family affection, living alone in the hometown is nostalgia, weighing, choose the latter." I know what is more important than the other. ”
At that time, in front of the camera, Li Enguang said: "The secretary praised me as a 'community master', I was sorry, but I felt that in the past many years, for some trivial things, I was recognized by the masses, and the secretary commented on my past years with 'both respectable and lovely', which made me weep and apologize." When my oil is dry, I can smile and ride the crane on the bed with me for 80 years! ”
Unfortunately, this sentence became a proverb, and Elder Li really drove the crane west last year.
Tang Renduo is about 95 years old, was originally a porter of the Highway Transport Bureau, 2 years ago Shang Jianwang, every morning hand in hand with the machine to broadcast music, once known as a scenery in the alleys of Tongyin, in recent years, the body has gradually declined, and less to go out.
Other old people over 80 years old, 70 years old, retired old workers over 60 years old, old cadres are more, can not be introduced one by one, they are like the old man Li Enguang, love the deep and elegant shade of the alley, love the gentle and kind old neighbors here, love the silence in the unique downtown here.
Tongyin Lane is Lao Gongguan Lane
According to the old Mr. Li Enguang in Tongyin, it is known as the reputation of Gongguan Lane. Before the liberation, because the alleys in Tongyin were special, neither in the city, but also very close to the city, living here was low-key and peaceful, so there were many dignitaries and foreigners living here.
Former old street Tong Yin Li (West Section)
Before the 1950s, from west to east into the lane, the north side of the postmaster's mansion, originally a foreign postmaster's residence, post and telecommunications merger, renamed post and telecommunications dormitory; the same side of the east line north American Youth Association mansion, in addition to housing, there are high-end golf courses for foreigners to move, before the demolition was the municipal post office.
The prominent Kuomintang figures who live here have two characteristics: one is that most of them are from Liling, Hunan, and the other is that most of them are internal and external relatives of Cheng Qian (who was the chairman of Hunan Province). The more famous mansions are as follows.
Huang Jie
Huang Jie Mansion. The original site was located at the current Yingbin Road People's Pharmacy and Street Office, which was taken over by the Housing Authority after liberation. Huang Jie (1903-1996), a native of Changsha County, Hunan Province, Huangpu Phase I, army general, successively served as battalion commander, brigade commander, division commander, successively participated in the Northern Expedition, the Central Plains War, the Great Wall War, in 1944 led the 6th Army to join the Chinese Expeditionary Force, counterattacking the Japanese army. After the peaceful uprising in Changsha, he was ordered to reorganize the Hunan provincial government. After going to Taiwan, he successively served as "commander-in-chief of the army" and commander of Taiwan's defense, and "chief of staff at the "Presidential Palace", and his mansion in Changsha was confiscated.
Xu Director's Mansion. The master was Xu Yi, director of the Logistics Department of the Changsha Appeasement Office, a native of Liling who fled to Hong Kong before liberation and later participated in the uprising of the Hunan military and political organs and served as a member of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. In the early days of the liberation of the mansion, it was the residence of Yang Meixian, the commander of the provincial military district, and after Yang moved away, he ran a kindergarten and rented public housing.
Fu Jiaojin Mansion. Fu was a native of Liling, Hunan, a German scholar who served as director of the Regional Department of the Ministry of the Interior of the Nationalist Government, and was then the head of the demarcation of the boundary between China and Myanmar, and later left the government to serve as the director of the Geography Department of Lanzhou University until his retirement. The original address is the current location of the Leek Garden Police Station.
Cao Bowen Mansion. Cao served as the director of the Hunan Provincial Government of the Kuomintang, participated in the Peaceful Uprising in Changsha, and after liberation, he also served as an important position in the provincial people's government, and the original residence was now the Leek Garden Street Office.
Master Li's Mansion. The specific characters are ominous, and the original site of the mansion is on the east side of the alley of the street office (that is, a small commodity wholesale point).
Lu's small bungalow. The owner is Lu Mou, the director of a major general of an arsenal during the Republic of China period, who built a small villa on the west side of the former Fu Jiaojin Mansion, with an area of no more than 200 square meters. The later mansion was owned by his son Lu Bojian, who had been a teacher in Yiyang and has passed away.
This is the "Little Red Chamber" no. 44 in Tongyin, the only remaining old mansion in Tongyin. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
None of these mansions exist. The only mansion left in Tongyin was owned by a man named Fu Xiangfan, commonly known as the "Little Red Chamber", who in 1947 built a small bungalow next to Xu Yi's mansion with the help of Xu Yi's personal connections. However, Director Xu colluded with the businessman and pit him behind his back, asking him to build a house with the building materials of the Appeasement Office, and as a result, until liberation, the house was not built, but a large amount of building materials money was accumulated from the office, resulting in the house being confiscated by the provincial military district after liberation and later placed as a dormitory for non-military cadres.
In addition, the kuomintang dignitaries living here include: Cheng Jie, a native of Liling, a nephew of Cheng Qian, who was the commander of the Nationalist Army, who has been living in the dormitory of the provincial government in the western section of Tongyinli, which has now been demolished; Cheng Bangchang, a nephew of Cheng Qiantang, who was a counselor in the Changsha Garrison District of the Kuomintang and once lived in Fu Jiaojin's mansion; Tang Rigao, a native of Liling, a nephew of Cheng Qian, who was a brigade commander of the Nationalist Army before liberation, and when the Chinese Communists evacuated Yan'an in 1948, he accompanied the Nationalist army to the Yan'an area to engage in receiving tasks, and his step-wife was a Yan'an native; Pan Shimo, a Liling native, was the principal of Miaofeng Middle School 2. The provincial people's government's cultural and historical librarians, counselors, etc., have descendants living in Changsha.
There is also a legendary deceased Zhang Mou in Tongyin, who is an officer of the Kuomintang, who was shot by the Changsha Garrison Headquarters a few days before liberation, about the end of July 1949. Less than a month later, the people's government of Changsha Municipality, after liberation, announced that he was an underground member of the Communist Party lurking in the Kuomintang army, and held a solemn memorial service for him to posthumously recognize him as a martyr. His son, Zhang Yue, who later also lived in Tongyin, was a retired cadre.
A unit that once stationed in Tongyin
Before liberation, there was a women's courtyard and a Hengxiang Middle School in Tongyin. The German Christian Inland Association was founded, and all the teachers and students were female blind (except the dean), which was accepted by the Municipal Council after liberation and converted into a blind house, and later merged with the Municipal First Welfare Institute. Hengxiang Middle School was founded in 1923 by the scholar Hu Dingyi, the school site is in TongyinLi and Hengxiangli intersection, after liberation as Changsha No. 12 Middle School.
Group photo of teachers and students of the Women's College. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community
After liberation, the Hunan Provincial Flower Drum Theater settled in the western section of Tongyinli and moved to Middle Renmin Road in the late 1960s. The Hunan Provincial Repertory Theatre was settled at No. 81 TongyinLi. Before liberation, the Sixth Anti-Enemy Drama Team came to Changsha in accordance with the instructions of the underground party, and built the simple Lianhua Theater by collecting funds and donations, where they staged plays such as "The Wilderness", "Nightclub", and "Golden Jade Mantang". Soon after liberation, the Hunan Provincial Repertory Theatre, based on the six teams, was established, and the location of the troupe was selected in this quiet shade of tong.
The compound was once a private maternal and child health hospital, with only a three-storey old-fashioned building, and the first floor was originally an outpatient hall, which was not much larger than the hall house of the landlord's house in the countryside. The mid-to-late 1950s was the heyday of the Hunan Repertory Theatre, and a number of outstanding plays such as "Thunderstorm", "Peach Blossom Fan" and "Ten Thousand Waters and Thousand Mountains" won the company's honors.
From the 1960s to the 1980s, Changsha Machine Embroidery Factory was opened in the north section of the current Yada Era (Business Building) at the eastern end of TongyinLi, and Changsha Hardware Electrical Appliance Factory and Dongfanghong Electrical Appliance Factory were opened in the western part. With the entry of some government agencies and units, Tongyinli has become a "unit street".
In the past, there were many such residential buildings in Tongyin. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
There are more units, and the demand for staff quarters has also increased. In the 1980s and 1990s, it was gradually converted into high-rise residential buildings. From east to west, there are mainly hunan coal company staff dormitories, Furong District people's government dormitories, agricultural bank of China Changsha branch staff dormitories, Hunan Provincial Transportation Company staff dormitories, Tongyinli residents resettlement area, Changsha Municipal Construction Committee cadre dormitories, Hunan Provincial Military District military dormitories, Changsha Light Industry Bureau staff dormitories, Bank of Communications of China Changsha branch staff dormitories, Leek Garden Street Office cadre dormitories, Hunan Provincial Street Lamp Management Office staff dormitories, Hunan Provincial Department of Commerce cadres and staff dormitories, Changsha Municipal Bureau of Culture cadres and staff dormitories and so on.
Army Nouveau road and center point
Before the Wuyi Middle Road, Tongyinli was connected to Hengxiangli in the east, and after the construction of Wuyi Middle Road, Hengxiangli became part of Wuyi Middle Road, and Tongyinli intersected with Xinjun Road.
The original Tongyin Lane. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
Xinjun Road is located in the northwest of the intersection of Wuyi Avenue and Shaoshan North Road, from the Yuanjialing section of Shaoshan North Road in the east to the leek garden in the west, with a length of more than 800 meters and a width of 6 meters. In the north of the middle section, that is, on the east side of the current Changsha Grain and Oil Trade Building, there is a branch road running north-south, through tongyin, about 100 meters long and 2 meters wide. 53 meters. In 1978, the Wuyi section between Jianxiang Road and Yuanjialing was completed, the western part of Xinjun Road became its subgrade, and the central and branch lanes were built as Wuyi Roadside buildings, and the remaining sections of the road, from Shaoshan North Road in the east to the north side of the Yada Times (Business Building) in the west, were about 100 meters long.
The new army road is in shape. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
Xinjun Road was built in the 1930s, originally the starting section of Changtan (Changsha to Xiangtan) Military Road, so it was named Xinjun Road. In the 1940s, Xinjun Road became part of the section connecting Changsha to Pingjiang, and was once named Changping Road, and was renamed Xinjun Road in the 1950s. The remnants of Xinjun Road are now part of Tongyin in the minds of residents, and the community station in Tongyin has also moved to a house in the Coal Hall dormitory on Xinjun Road.
There is also a "center point" in the 1964 map of Changsha
In the 1930s, in an urban planning conducted by the Changsha municipal authorities, the geographical center of Changsha City was demarcated, which was located in the northwest corner of Yuanjialing, and a large ping was specially set aside in the east of Tongyinli to prepare for the construction of landmark buildings for the central point of Changsha. Although this central point could not be built for some reason, a place name called "center point" was retained on the north side of the former Coal Hall. After liberation, a neighborhood committee was set up here called the central point neighborhood committee, and when the lean organization was reduced, the central point neighborhood committee was merged into the Tongyinli community, and the older generation still remembered that this place was once called "central point".
New look in the shade of the tree
I don't know what it was like before liberation, I don't know what it was like before the 1960s, I can only recall it from 1967.
There is a row of temporary shantytown buildings in front of Building 40 in the original Tongyin Lane, which has been demolished and built into a beautiful street garden. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
My impression of Tongyin is a winding, narrow, quaint, historical alley, but it is dilapidated, there are many illegal buildings, heavy rain and often water, not a livable alley. Over the years, the dilapidated tung shade has changed its appearance, not only the pavement has been renovated, all illegal buildings have been swept away, and a small garden has been demolished in front of the 40th gate in the center of the community. Walking in the winding and bright alleys in the shade of the trees, there is a feeling of "three days of farewell, when the eyes are impressed": the atmosphere is beautiful, beautiful, comfortable, livable.
The community office in Tongyinli is simple and generous. Photo by Liu Jianqiu
In the city's community quality improvement and transformation activities, the old tung shade becomes beautiful and moving day by day. Just like a beautiful woman who has not been dressed up, after makeup and beauty, she has now revealed a handsome and heroic posture.
There are many old streets and alleys like Tongyinli in the ancient city of Changsha, and they all carry a heavy history of the old city culture. While Changsha is becoming more beautiful day by day, our old streets and ancient alleys are also rejuvenated, adding bright colors to our beautiful Changsha City. When we live a happy life, if we read the history of Changsha Old Street, we will feel that happiness is not easy to come by. Cherish the beautiful life now, and wish our great motherland more prosperity.
Now in the shade of the tree, the original dilapidated streets have become clean and beautiful. Courtesy of Tongyinli Community.
Now the entire western section of Tongyinli has been completely demolished and reconstructed, and in the future, Changsha people can only know through the eastern section of Tongyinli that there was once such a poetic old street as "Wutong Lane and Thick Shade Of The Sun".
Although Tongyinli can no longer restore the old scenery of "Wutong Jiadao, thick shade of the sun", as an auxiliary alley of Wuyi Road in the city center of Changsha, it is one of the few old streets and alleys in the ancient city of Changsha, which preserves a lot of old street culture and historical atmosphere, and is a witness to the thousand-year-old city of Changsha.
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*This article is published exclusively by CityMemory, author | Liu Jianqiu, editor, | Makino, typography | Lillian, the unspecified source of the picture originated from the Internet.