Important
September 15-28, 1954
The First National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China was held in Beijing. On the fifteenth day, Mao Zedong delivered an opening speech, pointing out: This meeting marks a milestone in the new victory and new development of our people since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, and the Constitution formulated at this meeting will greatly promote the socialist cause of our country. Our general task is to unite the people of the whole country, to win the support of all international friends, to strive to build a great socialist country, to defend international peace and to develop the cause of human progress. He stressed: The core force leading our cause is the Communist Party of China. The theoretical basis guiding our thinking is Marxism-Leninism. We have full confidence to overcome all difficulties and hardships and build our country into a great socialist republic.
Liu Shaoqi's "Report on the Draft Constitution of the People's Republic of China" explained the basic contents of the Constitution from the aspects of the nature of our country, the steps to transition to socialism, the people's democratic political system and the people's rights and obligations, and regional ethnic autonomy. The report points out: The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country, which must be observed by all the people and all state organs, that Communists must play an exemplary role in abiding by the Constitution and all other laws, and that the people of all nationalities throughout the country must struggle to ensure the complete implementation of the Constitution and to build our country into a great socialist country.
Zhou Enlai delivered a "Government Work Report" at the meeting on the 23rd. The report points out that the only purpose of socialist economy is to meet the material and cultural needs of the people, and in order to fully meet the material and cultural needs of the people, it is necessary to continuously develop the socialist economy. Therefore, we all need to be concerned about increasing the productivity of our country. The report also put forward the principles of the First Five-Year Plan: to concentrate the main forces on the development of heavy industry and to establish the foundation for the industrialization of the country and the modernization of national defense; to develop the transportation industry, light industry, agriculture and commerce accordingly; to cultivate construction talents accordingly; to promote the co-operativeization of agriculture and handicraft industry in a step-by-step manner; to continue the transformation of capitalist industry and commerce; to ensure that the proportion of socialist elements in the national economy increases steadily, while correctly giving play to the role of individual agriculture, handicraft industry and capitalist industry and commerce To ensure that the level of the people's material and cultural life is gradually raised on the basis of the development of production.
September 15, 1956
The Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China opened. Mao Zedong delivered an opening speech. He summed up the experience of China's revolution and construction and pointed out: The victory of China's revolution and construction is the victory of Marxism-Leninism, and it is our party's consistent ideological principle to closely link the theory of Marxism-Leninism with the practice of the Chinese revolution. In order to meet the upcoming climax of all-round economic construction, he put forward to the whole party the task of being good at studying, pointing out: To change a backward agricultural China into an advanced industrialized China, the work before us is very arduous, and our experience is very insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to be good at learning. We must not have an arrogant attitude toward great powerism, and we must never be complacent because of the victory of the revolution and some achievements in construction. Countries, large and small, have their own strengths and weaknesses. Even if we have achieved great results in our work, there is no reason to be proud and arrogant. Humility makes people progress, pride makes people backward, and we should always remember this truth. This opening speech is included in the seventh volume of the Collected Works of Mao Zedong.
On the same day, Liu Shaoqi made a political report to the Eighth National Congress on behalf of the CPC Central Committee. Guided by the basic spirit of "On the Ten Great Relations", the report makes a strategic decision to shift the focus of the Party's work to the development of the social productive forces on the basis of correctly assessing the changes in class relations in the country after the completion of the socialist transformation and the resulting political situation. The report points out: Now that the stormy period of the revolution has passed, new relations of production have been established, and the task of the struggle has become to protect the smooth development of the social productive forces. The practical task of our Party is to rely on the hundreds of millions of working people who have been liberated and organized, to unite all possible forces at home and abroad, to make full use of all conditions favorable to us, and to build our country into a great socialist country as quickly as possible.
On the basis of summing up the experiences and lessons of the past, the report affirms the general principle of economic construction that is "both positive and sound and reliable," and points out: The development speed of the Second Five-Year Plan proposed by the CPC Central Committee is positive and at the same time sound and reliable. The pace of development must be positive, lest it lose its time and fall into the error of conservatism; it must be sound and reliable, so as not to deviate from the correct proportion of economic development, to overburden the people, or to disconnect different sectors from each other, to make the plan unable to be completed, and to cause waste, that is the mistake of adventurism. The report also adapts to the large-scale economic construction that is about to begin, and proposes tasks for improving the work of the state, including: (i) further expanding democratic life and waging the struggle against bureaucracy; (ii) appropriately adjusting the administrative functions and powers of the central and local governments and giving play to the enthusiasm of both the central and local governments; (iii) correctly handling the problem of ethnic minorities; and (iv) starting to formulate relatively complete laws systematically and perfecting the legal system of the country. This report is an important achievement of the first generation of the leading collective of the CPC Central Committee in exploring the road of Socialist Construction in China, and it is included in the second volume of the "Selected Works of Liu Shaoqi".
September 15, 2005
In his speech at the summit marking the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, Hu Jintao proposed to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity. He pointed out: In the important historical period when opportunities and challenges coexist, only when all countries in the world closely unite to jointly grasp opportunities and cope with challenges can we create a bright future for the development of human society and truly build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity. We must uphold multilateralism and achieve common security; we must adhere to mutually beneficial cooperation to achieve common prosperity; we must adhere to the spirit of inclusiveness and jointly build a harmonious world; and we must adhere to a positive and prudent approach to advancing the reform of the United Nations. The speech was titled "Striving to Build a Harmonious World of Lasting Peace and Common Prosperity" and was included in the Selected Important Literature Since the Sixteenth National Congress (in Chinese).
Party history looks back
In 1944
On September 15, Lin Boqu, a representative of the Communist Party of China, put forward the idea of immediately ending the one-party rule of the Kuomintang and establishing a democratic coalition government of all anti-Japanese parties at the National Participation Conference.
In 1954
September 15-28 The First Session of the National People's Congress was held. The meeting adopted the "Constitution of the People's Republic of China," elected Mao Zedong as president of the state and Liu Shaoqi as chairman of the NPC Standing Committee; decided that Zhou Enlai would be made premier of the State Council; and decided to establish a National Defense Commission, with Mao Zedong concurrently serving as chairman of the National Defense Commission. The convening of the National People's Congress marks the establishment of the people's congress system nationwide.
In 1956
From September 15 to 27, the 8th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. Mao Zedong delivered an opening speech, Liu Shaoqi made a political report, Zhou Enlai made a report on the proposals for the Second Five-Year Plan for developing the national economy, and Deng Xiaoping made a report on revising the Party Constitution. The congress pointed out that the socialist transformation has won a decisive victory and the socialist system has been basically established. The main contradiction in the country is already the contradiction between the people's demand for the establishment of an advanced industrial country and the reality of the backward agrarian country, between the people's need for rapid economic and cultural development and the current situation in which the economy and culture cannot meet the needs of the people. The main task of the party and the people at present is to concentrate our efforts on resolving this contradiction and transforming our country from a backward agrarian country into an advanced industrial country as soon as possible. The congress focused on the issue of strengthening the building of the ruling party and adopted the newly revised Constitution of the Communist Party of China.
In 1986
On September 15, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Regulations on the Work of grass-roots organizations of industrial enterprises owned by the whole people of the Communist Party of China.
In 2009
From September 15 to 18, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held. The plenary session adopted the "Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning Strengthening and Improving Party Building in the New Situation," which put forward major tasks such as continuously raising the scientific level of party building and building a Marxist learning-oriented political party.
In 2010
On September 15, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee issued the "Opinions on the Practice of Making Party Affairs Open to the Party's Grassroots Organizations," which pointed out: The party's grass-roots organizations' practice of making party affairs transparent is an inevitable requirement for thoroughly implementing the scientific outlook on development, enhancing the party's ability to govern, maintaining and developing the party's advanced nature, is an objective need for expanding grass-roots democracy within the party, protecting the democratic rights of party members, and enhancing the vitality of the party's grass-roots organizations; it is an effective way to practice the party's purpose, close the relationship between the party and the masses, and promote harmony and stability at the grass-roots level; it is also an effective way to strengthen supervision within the party. It is an important measure to standardize the operation of power and promote the building of party style and clean government at the grass-roots level.
Source: Website of the Institute of Party History and Literature of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
Read more: The Column "Today in the History of the Party"
Source: Guangming Network