According to the degree of harm caused by animal diseases to the production of aquaculture and human health, the animal diseases managed under the Provisions of the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law are divided into the following three categories:
1. A type of epidemic
Refers to the serious harm to humans and animals, and it is necessary to take urgent and severe compulsory prevention, control, extinguishing and other measures;
When a type of epidemic occurs:
(1) The competent veterinary department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall immediately send personnel to the scene, demarcate the epidemic point, the epidemic area, and the threatened area, investigate the source of the epidemic, and promptly report to the people's government at the same level to implement a blockade of the epidemic area.
(2) Local people's governments at or above the county level shall immediately organize relevant departments and units to take compulsory measures such as blockade, isolation, culling, destruction, disinfection, harmless treatment, and emergency immunization to quickly extinguish epidemic diseases.
(3) During the period of blockade, it is forbidden for infected, suspected and susceptible animals and animal products to flow out of the epidemic area, and it is forbidden for susceptible animals in non-epidemic areas to enter the epidemic area, and disinfect and other restrictive measures shall be taken against personnel, means of transport and related articles entering and leaving the epidemic area according to the needs of extinguishing animal diseases.
2. Class II diseases
Refers to those that may cause major economic losses and require strict control, extinguishing and other measures to prevent proliferation;
When a Type II disease occurs:
(1) The competent veterinary departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall demarcate epidemic points, epidemic areas, and threatened areas.
(2) Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, as needed, organize relevant departments and units to adopt control and extinguishing measures such as isolation, culling, destruction, disinfection, harmless treatment, emergency immunization, restriction of the entry and exit of animals and animal products and related articles that are susceptible to infection (less blockade sites than first-class epidemics).
3. Three types of epidemic diseases
Refers to the common occurrence, may cause major economic losses, need to control and purify.
When three types of animal diseases occur: Local people's governments at the county and township levels shall organize prevention and purification in accordance with the provisions of the competent veterinary department under the State Council.
In addition, when a type II and III epidemic is an outbreak epidemic, it is necessary to refer to the measures of the first type of epidemic for control.
So, what diseases in aquatic products are epidemics? Here we score a few clear rules.
1. Classification list of animal pathogenic microorganisms (this is for pathogenic microorganisms, excluding parasites)
In the Catalogue of Animal Pathogenic Microorganisms (Decree No. 53 of the Ministry of Agriculture in 2005), animal pathogens are divided into four categories, namely "first-class animal pathogenic microorganisms, second-class animal pathogenic microorganisms, third-class animal pathogenic microorganisms and four types of animal pathogenic microorganisms". According to this list, all existing aquatic animal pathogenic microorganisms belong to three categories of animal pathogenic microorganisms. Among them, epidemic hematopoietic organ necrosis virus, infectious hematopoietic organ necrosis virus, Masu cannabis salmon virus, viral hemorrhagic sepsis virus, koi herpes virus, spotted fork tail catfish virus, viral encephalopathy and retinal virus, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, true seabream rainbow virus, white sturgeon rainbow virus, midgut necrosis baculovirus, infectious subcutaneous and hematopoietic organ necrosis virus, nuclear polyhedral baculovirus, shrimp spawning death syndrome virus, gill adenitis virus, Taura syndrome virus, Shrimp leukoplakia syndrome virus, yellowhead disease virus, grass carp hemorrhagic virus, liching virusemia virus, bao spheroid virus, salmon infectious anemia virus are classified as "aquatic animal pathogenic microorganisms", while pathogenic streptococcus and aerophilic aeromonas are classified as "pathogenic microorganisms of various animals".
2. List of quarantine diseases of imported animals of the People's Republic of China
According to the Directory of Quarantine Diseases of Imported Animals of the People's Republic of China (Joint Announcement No. 2013 of the Ministry of Agriculture and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China), the following 44 aquatic animal diseases are classified as "class II infectious diseases and parasitic diseases".
Spring viraemia of carp
Epidemic hematopoietic organ necrosis Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis
Infectious hematopoietic organ necrosis Infectious haematopoietic necrosis
Viral hemorrhagic sepsisViral haemorrhagic septicaemia
Epizootic ulcerative syndrome of epidemic ulcer syndrome
Salmon trinity infection with Gyrodactylus Salaris
True sea bream iridoviral disease
Koi herpesvirus disease Koi herpesvirus disease
Salmon infectious anemia Infantic salmon anaemia
Viral neuro necrosisViral nervous necrosis
Channel catfish virus disease
Borochre virus infection Infection with abalone herpes-like virus
Oyster Balami worm infection With Bonamia Ostreae
Oyster-carcinollars infect Infantion with Bonamia Exitiosa
Refractive Maltaë infects Infantion with Marteilia Refringens
Olsenpair infection with Infantion with Perkinsus Olseni
Seawater Paigenia infection with Perkinsus Marinus
California Rickettsial infection With Xenohaliotis Californiensis
White spot syndrome White spot disease
Infectious subcutaneous and hematopoietic necrosis Infantious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis
Infectious muscle necrosis Infinitive myonecrosis
Taura syndrome of Dora syndrome
Giant river prawn white-tailed disease White tail disease
Yellowhead Disease Hello Head Disease
Crawfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci)
Chytridium anisii infection with Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis
Frog virus infection With Infinit with Ranavirus
Anisakiasis of isotid nematode disease
Necrotizing hepatopancreatitis
Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis
Stimulate cryptonuclear worm disease Cryptocyticoniasis
Freshwater fish bacteria septicemia septicemia
Baculovirus penaei disease
Catfish intestinal sepsis Enterprise psychologia of catfish
Edwardian disease of Edward siellasis
Small melon worm disease Ichthyophthiriasis
Myxosporidiosis myxosporidiosis
Ringworm disease Dactylogyriasis
Fish streptococcosis Fish streptococcosis
River crab tremor disease of Chinese mitten crabs
Penaeus monodon baculovirus disease
Pustule disease
Turtle mumps disease Abolone viral mortality
Frog meningitis septiceemia Chryseobacterium meningsepticum of frog (Rana spp)
3. List of animal diseases of the first, second and third categories (this is the focus)
According to this list, the diseases of aquatic animals are included as follows:
A class of animal diseases: leukoplakia syndrome
Class II animal diseases:
Fish diseases (11 species): grass carp hemorrhagic disease, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis, koi herpes virus disease, stimulating cryptonuclear worm disease, freshwater fish bacterial sepsis, viral neuro necrosis, epidemic hematopoietic organ necrosis, spotted fork tail catfish virus disease, infectious hematopoietic organ necrosis, viral hemorrhagic sepsis, epidemic ulcer syndrome
Crustacean diseases (6 species): Dora syndrome, yellowhead disease, giant shrimp whitetail disease, shrimp parodyvirus disease, infectious subcutaneous and hematopoietic organ necrosis, infectious muscle necrosis
Three types of animal diseases:
Fish diseases (7 species): catfish intestinal sepsis, delayed Edward's disease, melon disease, myxosporosis, three-generation insect disease, ringworm disease, streptococcosis
Crustacean disease (2 species): river crab tremor disease, penaeus pneumoniaesis
Shellfish diseases (6 species): Bostratus disease, Borickettsial disease, Boroviral death disease, Balsamic nanoworm disease, refractive Maltazoasis, Olsenpaicheniasis
Amphibian and reptile diseases (2 species): mumps disease, frog meningitis septicaemia aureus
For example, shrimp leukoplakia is a type of animal disease caused by three types of animal pathogenic microorganism leukoplakia syndrome virus, which belongs to the second type of infectious disease of imported animal quarantine!
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Source: Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Author: Yihai Haoqing