1. Coal
Coal was formed by the accumulation of many plants in low-lying places such as swamps in ancient times, and then the earth's crust sank, and a lot of sediment was piled up on top of it, and it was formed after a long period of changes deep underground. At first, the plants are made into humus by microorganisms, and then slowly turn into coal under high temperature and pressure. Coal is a solid fuel, which is quite high in energy and can produce a lot of heat, which is used for power generation, industrial production and heating in winter. However, when coal is burned, pollutants such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides are produced, which is not good for the air. And digging up coal also causes the land to collapse and dirty the water. China has about 143.197 billion tons of coal, which used to be important in China's energy resources, but if you keep digging it, there will be less and less coal. Coal is formed millions of years or more, but man digs it too fast. China's coal is mainly in Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi.
2. Oil
Oil was formed over a long, long period of time after the death of organisms in ancient oceans or lakes. These organisms are buried in the ground and turned into oil and gas by high temperatures, pressures, and bacteria. The oil is usually found in the cracks of the rocks in the ground. Petroleum is a liquid fossil fuel with a particularly high energy density and is easy to transport and store. It is like the blood of modern industry, and it is used in the fields of transportation and chemical industry. But digging for oil and processing oil can stain the soil, water, and air. And oil is unevenly distributed around the world, which makes geopolitics very complicated.
China has about 3.689 billion tons of oil. China doesn't have a lot of oil, but the economy is growing rapidly, and the demand for oil is increasing, so it has to rely on imports. Oil is the main power of automobiles, airplanes, ships, etc., and plastics, rubber, and fertilizers can also be made in the chemical industry, and the stable and unstable supply of oil is related to the national economy and energy security. Oil is formed slowly, millions of years. People use oil much faster than it can form, so there is less and less oil. China's oil is mainly in the Northeast, North China, and Northwest, such as the Daqing Oilfield in Heilongjiang and the Shengli Oilfield in Shandong.
3. Natural gas
Natural gas is mostly turned into by ancient organisms under certain conditions over a long period of time, which is a bit like oil. Organisms are buried and turned into natural gas under high temperatures, pressures, and bacteria. Natural gas is sometimes with oil, sometimes in underground gas reservoirs. Natural gas is clean and efficient, and when burned, there are few pollutants, mainly carbon dioxide and water. It has a high energy density and is also good luck to save. But digging up natural gas can dirt the groundwater and sink the ground. China has about 6.34 trillion cubic meters of natural gas. In recent years, exploration technology has advanced, and there are more natural gas reserves, but they are still not enough. Natural gas can be used for cooking, heating, hot water for the people, and can also be used as fuel and chemical raw materials in industry, and it is also easy to use in power generation, which is efficient and environmentally friendly. Natural gas also takes a long time to form, and it is similar to oil, and people use it too quickly, so it is almost gone. China's natural gas is mainly in the central and western regions, such as Sichuan, Xinjiang and Shaanxi, and the Sichuan Basin is an important production area.
4. Oil shale
Oil shale is formed underground over a long period of time by the remains of lower organisms in ancient lakes or seas. These biological remains are mixed with minerals, crushed and dehydrated, and oil shale is born. Oil shale is not deep underground, and it contains a lot of oil, which can be refined into shale oil. However, digging up oil shale and processing it is very troublesome, costly, and will produce a lot of waste residue and wastewater, which will make the environment very poor. China has about 719.937 billion tons of oil shale, which has a lot of resources, but not much development. When there is no oil, oil shale can be used as a supplement to oil. The refined shale oil can be used for power generation and industrial production, alleviating energy pressure. Oil shale has been formed for millions of years, although the reserves are large, but it is also limited, and there are fewer people digging it, and it cannot grow in a short time. China's oil shale is mainly in the northeast and northwest, such as Liaoning, Jilin and Xinjiang.
5. Uranium mines
Uranium ore is created by geological processes in the earth. Under certain conditions, uranium is brought from the inside of the earth to the surface and becomes uranium ore over a long period of time. Uranium ore is generally found in granite, pegmatite, and sometimes sedimentary rocks. Uranium ore is an important thing for nuclear power generation, and the energy density can be high. However, uranium ore must be dug and processed carefully, otherwise nuclear radiation will harm people and the environment. And it will also make radioactive waste, which needs to be disposed of. China has about 171,400 tons of uranium ore. China does not have many uranium mines, but the development of nuclear energy requires uranium mines, and the demand is increasing. Uranium ore is used as fuel for nuclear reactors, and nuclear power generation is efficient and clean, using less fossil energy and emitting less greenhouse gases. Uranium ore is formed under specific conditions and over a long period of time, and the geological changes in the earth can be slow, but people dig fast. Moreover, uranium ore reserves are limited, and they cannot be produced for a short time. China's uranium mines are mainly in Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Hunan.
6. Thorium ore
Thorium ore and uranium ore are almost formed, and they are also made from the earth. Under certain conditions, thorium comes out of the earth and becomes thorium ore over a long period of time. Thorium is also found in granite, pegmatite, or sedimentary rocks. Thorium ore may later be used as nuclear fuel, which is less radioactive and safer than uranium ore. However, the technology of thorium mining and processing is not yet good, and it must be studied again. China has about 286,300 tons of thorium ore, which is quite a lot of resources, but it is not well developed. In the future, thorium ore may be an important energy source, which can give nuclear power generation an option, and can also use less uranium ore, which is safer. It takes a long time for thorium ore to form, and it is not easy for people to grow it when it is used quickly. China's thorium ore is mainly in Inner Mongolia and Gansu.
7. Tar sand
Tar sands are formed by the remains of ancient organisms in the ground over a long period of time. Biological remains are mixed with minerals, pressed and dehydrated, and there is sand containing bitumen. Tar sands are generally found in deserts and wastelands where the ground is not deep. Can come up with asphalt for road repair or something. But digging and processing tar sand is troublesome, costly, and can damage the surface vegetation, soil erosion, and damage the environment. And when refining, a lot of exhaust gas and waste residue will be produced. It's kind of useful in building roads. Tar sand has been formed for millions of years, and the reserves are limited, and there are fewer people digging it, and it cannot grow in a short time. China's tar sands are mainly in Xinjiang and Qinghai.
8. Combustible ice
Combustible ice is formed by natural gas and water under specific low temperature and high pressure conditions on the seabed or in the permafrost, like ice. Combustible ice has a high energy potential and has fewer pollutants when burned. But digging combustible ice technology is difficult, and it has to solve the problems of methane leakage and submarine geological disasters. There are about 80 billion tonnes of combustible ice in the South China Sea. China has a lot of combustible ice resources, but it is still in the stage of exploration and trial mining. In the future, it may be an important energy source, which can ensure China's energy security, and can also reduce the use of traditional fossil energy and greenhouse gas emissions. The conditions for the formation of combustible ice can be harsh, and it takes a long time to have low temperature and high pressure. People use it quickly, and it doesn't grow well. China's combustible ice is mainly found in the South China Sea and the permafrost of the Tibetan Plateau.
9. Oil sands
Oil sands are the remains of ancient organisms that were formed underground over a long period of time. Biological remains are mixed with minerals and pressed and dehydrated, resulting in sands containing bitumen or heavy oil. Oil sands are generally found in deserts and wastelands where the ground is not deep. Petroleum products can be extracted, but digging and processing are cumbersome, costly, and can damage surface vegetation, soil erosion, and the environment. And when refining, a lot of exhaust gas and waste residue will be produced. It can be used as a supplement to oil to relieve the pressure of insufficient oil. Oil sands are formed slowly, millions of years, and the reserves are limited, and there are fewer people digging them, and they cannot grow in a short time. China's oil sands are mainly in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.
10. Tight oil
Tight oil is oil in tight sandstone reservoirs with low permeability. Under geological action, oil accumulates in these places to create tight oil. Tight oil is located at a relatively deep underground. It is difficult to dig up, and special techniques are used, such as horizontal well fracturing technology. But tight oil has energy potential and can be used as a supplement for oil. China has about 1.45 billion tonnes of tight oil. China has a lot of tight oil resources, but it has not been developed. It can increase oil production and ensure energy security. Tight oil is formed for millions of years, and it is not easy for people to grow it if they dig it fast. China's tight oil is mainly in the Ordos Basin and Sichuan Basin