When the chrysanthemum is yellow, the crab is fat! Autumn and October are a good time to eat crabs. However, some careful consumers found that there were small holes on the crabs bought back in the market, could it be the traces left by illegal traders injected with water or glue? The mooncakes that were not eaten on August 15 are still "radiant", is it because they contain a lot of preservatives? Is hoarfrost on grapes a pesticide residue? The latest issue of the "Science" Rumor List has been announced, which will "catch up" the hottest health myths in recent times.
The monthly "science" rumor list is guided by the Beijing Municipal Association for Science and Technology, the Cyberspace Administration of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, and the Capital Internet Society, and jointly released by the Beijing Science and Technology Journalists and Editors Association and the Beijing regional website joint rumor-refuting platform.
Myth People with high uric acid can't drink tea
Truth Does drinking tea really affect uric acid levels in the body? This statement is too categorical. People with high uric acid can drink tea in moderation, but they need to control the amount they drink and choose the right variety.
In general, the ingredients contained in the tea itself do not directly cause an increase in uric acid levels. Drinking tea in moderation can increase water intake and promote uric acid excretion. However, people with high uric acid should avoid drinking strong tea. Because strong tea contains oxalic acid, caffeine and other ingredients, it may irritate the gastrointestinal tract, affect sleep and metabolism, and indirectly adversely affect uric acid levels. Experts recommend drinking weak tea, and the amount of tea drunk is controlled within 2-3 cups per day.
In addition, some studies have found that the gallic acid, tea polyphenols and other components in tea can inhibit the production of uric acid in the body. Among them, the inhibition effect of tea with a low degree of fermentation will be stronger than that of tea with a high degree of fermentation. Therefore, friends with high uric acid can drink green tea, white tea and oolong tea appropriately.
Myth: Hoarfrost on grapes is a pesticide residue
Truth After grapes, blueberries, plums, etc. are ripe, they will have a layer of hoarfrost on their surface, which is the fruit powder produced by the fruit itself, which belongs to sugar alcohols. This layer of fruit powder is evenly distributed on the surface of the fruit and is insoluble in water. It is not only non-toxic, but also has certain nutritional value. In a way, the presence of hoarfrost is a sign of the freshness of the grapes.
Of course, if the grapes are sprayed with pesticides during the growing process, there will also be a light layer of hoarfrost. To tell whether this layer of hoarfrost is a natural fruit powder or a pesticide residue, the method is very simple: the natural fruit powder is naturally evenly distributed, it does not cover the color of the grape skin itself, it only makes the grapes look more beautiful; The hoarfrost formed by pesticides is unevenly distributed, and sometimes there may be droplet-shaped spots.
Myth that a crab with a "needle's eye" was hit something
Truth The shell of a crab is very hard, and if you want to penetrate it and inject liquid, you will inevitably destroy the shell. Once the crab shell is destroyed, the osmotic pressure environment of the crab's internal organs will undergo drastic changes, which will quickly lead to the death of the crab. This is more than worth the loss for merchants. These small holes are usually the result of crabs colliding with each other during fishing and transportation. The transparent gelatinous substance in the crab's body is actually crab paste, which is the accessory gonad secretion of male crabs, which is not only high in nutritional value, but also delicious in taste.
As for the hormone injections or stimulants, the claim is also untrue. These drugs are ineffective against crabs, but can damage the water quality and cause the crabs to die. Crab farming requires good water quality, and the intervention of any harmful substances will affect its survival.
Myth: The more probiotics in yogurt, the better
Truth The so-called probiotics refer to the normal flora isolated from animals, plants, and human bodies, and the live bacteria preparation produced after multiple processes. From a nutritional point of view, probiotics are beneficial for gut health, and some probiotics can also promote the metabolism of fats and sugars. As a result, a certain Internet celebrity yogurt claimed that "each cup of active probiotics is 500 billion", which is almost 100 times the recommended amount of probiotics per day (1 billion to 5 billion), and the more probiotics are added, the more it can promote gastrointestinal health.
In fact, although probiotics are good, more is by no means better. The human microbiota should be in a state of balance. Excessive intake and supplementation of probiotics not only cannot have a positive effect on the human body, but may also disrupt the intestinal environment and produce serious negative effects, such as bloating, abdominal pain, and even diarrhea.
Myth: The mooncake is not bad for a long time, but the preservatives exceed the standard
The truth "super long standby" moon cakes have repeatedly become the talk of netizens. Obviously the expiration date marked on the package has passed, but how can this moon cake not deteriorate, is it really too much preservative? In fact, the shelf life of mooncakes is affected by a variety of factors, and it does not only depend on the amount of preservatives added.
There are three main reasons why moon cakes can be stored for a long time: first, after high-temperature baking and multiple sterilization treatments during the production process, the microorganisms are basically killed; Second, the modern packaging technology has been continuously improved to ensure the integrity of the product, and the shelf life has been further extended by filling nitrogen and putting oxygen scavengers; Third, as a high-sugar and high-oil food, moon cakes have little moisture content, which is not conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, so even if no or only a small amount of preservatives are added, moon cakes can be stored for a long time.
A short shelf life also doesn't mean mooncakes are fresher or have fewer added preservatives. The shelf life of moon cakes is related to the freshness of the raw materials, the processing process and conditions, and the subsequent storage conditions. Some mooncakes are prone to microbial growth due to the characteristics of the ingredients or fillings (e.g. high water content and high protein content), resulting in a relatively short shelf life. Some mooncakes with a long shelf life may be due to their raw materials and production process, which makes the mooncakes themselves more shelf-stable. Therefore, the freshness or preservative content of mooncakes cannot be judged solely based on the length of shelf life.
Myth: Children need to straighten their teeth as soon as possible
Truth Some parents believe that the earlier the child has orthodontics, the faster the recovery and the better the results. As everyone knows, there is no strict age requirement for orthodontics, from children in the primary tooth stage and tooth replacement stage to adolescents and adults in the permanent tooth stage, and it is not necessarily the earlier the better.
The timing of orthodontics depends on a variety of factors and varies from person to person. Factors such as the type of malocclusion, the severity of the malocclusion, the age of the patient, and the development of the teeth and jaws should be taken into account. The need for corrective intervention needs to be assessed by a professional doctor in a formal medical institution.
Taking children's orthodontics, which parents are very concerned about, as an example, when the child has a large gap between teeth and irregular teeth during the replacement period, parents may wish to wait, because the child's replacement cycle is longer. During this period, factors such as the speed and size of different teeth erupt will lead to constant changes in tooth alignment. There may be a large gap between teeth and misaligned teeth in the short term, but as the jaw bone and dental arch grow and permanent teeth erupt, the gap between the teeth may decrease and the alignment may gradually improve.
The child's tooth root development is incomplete, and premature application of improper orthodontic force may affect the normal development of the tooth root and the stability of the tooth, which is not conducive to the child's oral health. If there are no special circumstances, but there is a gap between the teeth or mild misalignment, it is not too late for the child to complete the replacement and orthodontics. If there is a need for orthodontics, it is recommended to go to a regular medical institution and consult a professional orthodontist to choose the appropriate treatment plan. In this way, crooked teeth can be treated healthily.
Myth: Expiring food is not good for the body
The shelf life is the manufacturer's commitment to the quality of the product, which means that the manufacturer will bear all the consequences when the product does not meet the set within the time limit. Just because food has passed its expiration date doesn't necessarily mean it can't be eaten. When setting the shelf life, the manufacturer will leave some "margin". For foods that are refrigerated or have a short shelf life, it is recommended not to eat them after the expiration date.
Expiring foods are also safe, and as long as they are within the expiration date, the quality is guaranteed. In many countries, the expiring food is sold at a reduced price or donated to charity, with the aim of maximizing the social benefits of the food. This saves low-income earners on purchase costs, which is good for both buyers and sellers.
However, consumers should be reminded that when buying expiring food, they should choose regular shopping malls or supermarkets, and pay attention to the expiration date. After purchase, it should be consumed as soon as possible to avoid waste caused by impulsive consumption.
Myth Drinking "bulletproof coffee" can lose weight
Truth "Bulletproof coffee" is a blend of black coffee, grass-fed butter, and coconut oil, and some "bulletproof coffee" may have a little protein powder added to it. According to nutrition experts, compared with ordinary coffee, "bulletproof coffee" has a higher fat content, especially the content of saturated fatty acids. Therefore, some people believe that replacing staple meals with "bulletproof coffee" for a long time can achieve effective weight loss. However, this is not the best way to lose weight healthily.
The weight loss principle of "bulletproof coffee" is similar to the ketogenic diet that has become popular in recent years. Both promote the body into a metabolic state known as ketosis by reducing carbohydrate intake, increasing fat intake, and properly controlling protein intake. In this state, the body breaks down fat stored in the body in order to maintain normal physiological functions. However, such practices focus only on fat intake and ignore the replenishment of essential nutrients such as protein, vitamins and minerals, which can lead to muscle loss during weight loss.
In addition, "bulletproof coffee" has a lot of fat, and excessive intake of fat will increase the burden on the stomach and intestines, or lead to symptoms such as indigestion, bloating, diarrhea, etc., and may also increase blood lipid levels and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
The ketogenic diet was originally designed as a treatment regimen for people with epilepsy and was later found to have a weight control effect. Studies have shown that long-term use of the ketogenic diet pattern increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as angina pectoris and stroke.
It is important to note that neither "bulletproof coffee" nor the ketogenic diet is suitable for special groups such as pregnant women, breastfeeding women and the elderly. It's okay for the general population to taste "bulletproof coffee" once in a while, but be sure to keep the amount under control. Once the daily caffeine intake exceeds 400 mg or exceeds 200 mg at a time, it may induce negative emotions such as anxiety, nervousness and irritability.
Myth: Many pesticides are used in out-of-season fruits and vegetables
Truth Out-of-season fruits and vegetables are not the same as fruits and vegetables that use a lot of pesticides. Pesticides are not used when you want to use them, whether they are in season or out of season, using too many or wrong pesticides will hurt the fruits and vegetables themselves, increase production costs, and may also lead to problems such as unqualified sampling.
China has strict standards for pesticide residues. The planting technology of off-season fruits and vegetables does not mainly rely on the massive use of pesticides, but is realized through a series of scientific agricultural technology means. For example, the use of greenhouses, greenhouses and other technical means to regulate the environment, as well as the use of biological control, physical control and other means to reduce the use of chemical pesticides.
Moderate consumption of off-season vegetables can also supplement nutrition, the key lies in scientific selection and cleaning methods. When buying fruits and vegetables, you should choose formal channels and pay attention to the origin and certification of fruits and vegetables. In addition, proper cleaning and disposal can also effectively reduce the risk of pesticide residues. For example, rinsing with running water and washing after soaking can effectively remove pesticide residues from the surface of fruits and vegetables.
Source: Beijing Youth Daily
![It turns out that there are so many taboos for eating crabs! These groups of people in particular should not be greedy for →[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)