Lead
At present, there are many open-pit coal mines such as those on the mainland, there are many mines for coal mining, and there are also many oil fields, which can not only bring economic income to the mainland, but also United States and Russia will want to exploit them.
However, even if the number of these coal mines and oil fields is not small, as far as open-pit coal mines are concerned, there is an open-pit coal mine on the mainland that can be said to be the largest in the world, and many people do not know about this coal mine.
After 118 years of mining, the coal seam thickness can reach 55 meters, and it is the first open-pit mine in China and is known as the "largest open-pit coal mine in Asia".
So has the mine been shut down?
What are the challenges facing the mine today?
The history of coal mining.
China's first open-pit mine is the mainland's Fushun West open-pit coal mine, which has been mined for 118 years and is capable of reaching a coal seam thickness of 55 meters, which is very thick even in some advanced countries in the world today.
The discovery of the Fushun West open-pit coal mine dates back a long time, in the late Qing Dynasty, when the mainland was a feudal dynasty and the number of factories was very small, mainly agriculture.
Due to the fact that coal mining was not widely carried out at that time, many people were still a little unfamiliar with coal mining, but as more and more British businessmen came to China, Fushun, a small city, was also favored by many people at that time because of the discovery of coal mines.
Fortunately, in the process of Fushun coal mining, the existence of oil shale was discovered, which made people have a new understanding of Fushun coal mine.
In addition, the Japanese also attach great importance to the value of Fushun coal mines, and began to mine in large quantities, and with the development of Fushun coal mines, Fushun's industry has also made great progress.
However, when the coal mine is excavated to a certain depth, it cannot be mined, and even if it continues to be mined in this way, it will only harm the coal mine even more, resulting in too high mining costs.
So we started to mine open-pit coal mines, so that there would be no worries about the coal being mined too deep, and there would be no worries that the coal mines would be mined too much, and the open-pit mining method was more convenient.
Fushun Coal Mine is not only a coal producer, but also has a feature, that is, in the early years when Japan mined here, a large amount of coal essence was discovered, and since then a large amount of coal essence has been mined, and this coal essence is used as fuel.
Moreover, there are amber and other minerals in Fushun Coal Mine, which also proves that Fushun Coal Mine is a treasure mine, Fushun itself is a small city, it is precisely because of the coal mine and development that a large number of talents have flowed in, and the city of Fushun has prospered.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, this small city was also called Pengtian City, with the gradual development of the city, the gradual increase of personnel, this city was gradually called "coal city".
Fushun is also a city with a history of 100 years, in 1946, it was called the title of "the second coal capital", because Fushun is a mining city, mine, life is the vein; Build up the city, surrounded by mountains and rivers.
The maximization of the use of Fushun's ore resources has laid the foundation and provided impetus for the development of the city, and the city of Fushun has gradually formed an urbanization model integrating industry and trade because of coal mining.
According to statistics, in 2014, the annual coal output of Fushun city had reached 14 million tons.
Moreover, there are many enterprises in Fushun that rely on the development of Fushun Coal Mine, such as Fushun Fertilizer Plant, Fushun Thermal Power Plant, Fushun Chemical Company, etc., all of which are closely related to Fushun Coal Mine.
Fushun Coal Mine is not only the treasure mine of Fushun, but also the wealth of the mainland.
At the same time, it also made a great contribution to the country's industrial development, and during the war years at that time, the coal and oil produced by the Fushun coal mine also supported the anti-Japanese struggle.
The coal mines in Fushun have provided rich resources for the industrial development of Northeast China, made certain contributions to the industrial development of New China, and are also the treasure mines of the mainland.
The development and current situation of coal mines in Fushun area.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Hunhe Coal Mine has been discovered and mined, which is also the third coal mine discovered in the mainland at that time.
Although coal mining can promote the development of cities, coal mining will also have a certain degree of impact on cities.
For example, many coal mines are mined without treatment, and the accumulation of soil and coal blocks caused by coal mining will cause serious environmental pollution and form coal mine waste.
At the same time, waste will also cause serious pollution to the air, so that a large number of harmful gases are emitted into the air, affecting the health of surrounding residents.
Moreover, in the mining process, it will not only cause the settlement of the ground or foundation, the reduction of the groundwater level, and the change of geology, but also disturb the underground ecological environment, especially in the goaf, after the mine is mined, the water vapor condensed in the ground will evaporate, causing a certain amount of pollution.
In particular, the mining of large coal mines will frequently carry out drainage operations, resulting in a large reduction in the groundwater level and the destruction of underground water sources.
Fushun West Open-pit Coal Mine was once known as "Asia's largest open-pit coal mine", and in 2010, Fushun Coal Mine was selected by the State Council as a national 5A-level tourist attraction.
And in 2019, Fushun Coal Mine announced the closure of the pit and officially withdrew from the coal stage.
From this point of view, the life of the Fushun coal mine is as long as the life span of China's coal mining industry.
This also makes us wonder how long can coal be used?
Because the Fushun coal mine has been mined for 118 years, and the thickness of the coal seam is relatively thick, there is no need to continue mining.
Because from the perspective of the coal mines that we can use now, basically 80% have been mined, if the coal seam of Fushun Coal Mine can be as thick as 100 meters, and can be mined for 118 years, what will it be like at that time?
According to calculations, if the coal mine of Fushun Coal Mine can be as thick as 100 meters and mined for 118 years, the remaining amount of coal will reach 4 billion tons, and the 4 billion tons of coal resources are still relatively rich.
And with the progress of the times, coal mining technology will gradually become more advanced, even if the pit is closed, there will be deep processing technology, which will maximize the use of resources.
We all know that coal is a non-renewable resource, especially in the mining of coal resources, half of the coal mines in the mainland have been mined.
According to statistics, in 70 years, from 1949 to 2019, 60% of the mainland's coal mines have been consumed.
Therefore, as the available coal mines decrease, it will become more and more difficult to extract resources, and the price of coal mines will gradually rise.
What is even more worrying is that despite the closure of the Fushun Coal Mine, the ecological restoration project of the coal mine is still ongoing, and the ecological restoration is being tested and piloted by the company.
Fushun West Open-pit Coal Mine Museum.
Due to the non-renewable nature of resources, the closure of Fushun Coal Mine has left people with many thoughts, coal is a non-renewable resource, which will be gradually exhausted over time, and at that time, people will face the problem of no coal and no way to heat.
According to statistics, in 2018, the mainland used 5.5 billion tons of coal.
This situation makes one think that the amount of coal available on the mainland is limited, and people will gradually become backward because the coal mines are exhausted.
What to do?
Only through reform and the development of more mineral resources, otherwise we will become backward.
With the discovery and exploitation of coal mines, many coal mining museums have emerged on the mainland.
In order to commemorate the history of coal mines, the Fushun Coal Mine Museum came into being.
The construction of the Fushun Coal Mine Museum began in 2004 and was finally completed in 2010 after six years and 18 months.
Fushun Coal Mine Museum is a large-scale mining museum, covering an area of 1,170 acres and a construction area of 26,700 square meters.
Fushun Mine Museum is the "National Social Sports Talent Training Base" and the core area of the "Fushun Coal Historical and Cultural Park".
The Fushun Mine Museum is also the largest museum in mainland China.
There are three major exhibition areas in the Mining Museum, the main exhibition halls are the hall on the first floor of the central exhibition area, the mine exhibition hall on the first floor of the underground area, the hall on the second floor of the Mining Museum and the oil shale exhibition hall on the second floor of the underground area.
The simulated mine of the Fushun Mine Museum is full of mystery, and there are two tall mine gates at the entrance of the museum, giving people a dreamlike feeling when they walk into the mine.
It makes people feel as if they are in the middle of a vast mine, and they visit the mine in the order of the mines, as if they followed their ancestors into the mysterious mines.
Let us miss the former miner brothers, full of emotion.
The mine museum was built on the basis of the original mine, with a beautiful surrounding environment, natural landscapes and cultural landscapes complementing each other, and the visiting experience is full.
In 2019, the Fushun Mine Museum welcomed millions of visitors and became one of the most popular mining museums in China.
epilogue
The story of China's first open-pit coal mine is also long, but the closure of the Fushun West open-pit coal mine also raises a warning that the coal mine is not renewable.
Although coal mining has brought great convenience to people, it has also caused a certain degree of damage to the existing ecological environment.
But we can't resist coal mining, we need to continue to use new technologies to control the degree of environmental damage, and explore clean and renewable energy sources to better protect our planet's environment.