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Delayed retirement, it's really coming.
The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided: "In accordance with the principle of voluntariness and flexibility, the reform of gradually delaying the statutory retirement age will be promoted in a steady and orderly manner".
Some people on the Internet are so idle that they took out the joke of "asking for leave from their grandchildren for their 60th birthday" and fried cold rice.
01 Timeline of "Delayed Retirement".
"Delayed retirement" was first proposed in 2012 and is ready to be implemented in 2024, a full 12 years in the making.
In 2012, delayed retirement was first proposed.
In 2013, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security began to conduct in-depth research and open discussions.
In 2014, opinions were widely solicited.
In 2015, the initial idea of delaying retirement was announced, and the principle of "gradual" was proposed.
In 2016, the refinement plan has taken shape.
In 2017, some regions piloted the implementation of a delayed retirement policy.
In 2018, we summarized the pilot experience and gradually improved the policy.
In 2021, the "Opinions on the Implementation of the Progressive Extension of the Statutory Retirement Age" was promulgated.
In 2024, the principle of voluntary, flexible will be a prerequisite for delayed retirement reform for the first time.
Lao Bei simply summarized the timeline of "delayed retirement" from proposal to landing, just to illustrate:
- 1. This is the result of full deliberation and discussion, and it is a process of continuous improvement and optimization.
- 2. Delaying retirement is the trend of the times, instead of complaining and saying strange things, it is better to understand correctly and make more favorable choices.
- 3. The specific plan has not yet been introduced, and all the rumors have no official basis, and everyone does not believe or spread rumors.
02 Background of "Delayed Retirement".
A lot of people don't agree with "delaying retirement", and that's normal.
Ordinary people have the idea of "seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages", and there are not a few people who are willing to retire early and get pensions.
Why "delay retirement"?
Many experts and self-media people often talk exaggeratedly: in line with international standards.
At every turn, the retirement age, average life expectancy, etc. are compared with other countries in the world to demonstrate the necessity and inevitability of "delayed retirement".
To spread this kind of argument is to transfer the contradictions to the international community, and such people are either stupid or bad.
Lao Bei believes that China's "delayed retirement" is a reform measure based on national conditions, and has nothing to do with whether it is in line with the situation.
1. Serious aging.
In 2021, we entered a deep aging society, with the elderly population aged 65 and above accounting for 14.2% of the total population.
In the next 15 years starting from 2022, the second wave of birth peaks since the founding of the People's Republic of China, that is, the group of people born after 1962 will retire one after another.
It is estimated that by 2030, the aging population will exceed 20%, and it will enter a super-aging society.
This is a reality, and it cannot be avoided, and "delayed retirement" is only a measure to alleviate the contradiction of aging.
2. Fertility is declining
It is also an indisputable fact that the number of new births continues to decrease every year, while the life expectancy of the elderly continues to increase.
Young people are reluctant to have children, the reasons are very complex, the pace of life is tight, work pressure, the cost of child rearing is high, etc., which reduces the desire of the school-age population to have children.
This will inevitably mean that the working population entering the market will decrease in the future, and the pressure on social security pension payments will increase.
"Delaying retirement" adopts the principle of "gradual", which can be regarded as a kind of precaution.
3. Pension line pay-as-you-go system
Our social security pension is to use the money paid by the current incumbents to pay the pensions of the current retirees.
Future retirees are also receiving social security contributions from the future working population.
To maintain the benign operation of this system, it is nothing more than to open up sources and reduce expenditure.
The measure of "delaying retirement" is both open source and throttling, and it is only a matter of time before it is implemented.
03 Two thoughts that may be scolded
In response to the lack of pensions, Lao Bei has two ideas that may be scolded.
1. One of the reasons for the lack of pension is largely related to "deemed payment".
From the point of view of calculation method, the proportion of pensions obtained by "deemed contributions" is still very large, and it has also been criticized.
Therefore, Lao Bei believes that the calculation ratio of "deemed payment" can be appropriately reduced.
At the same time, for ultra-high pension personnel, the excess part of the high limit (such as 10,000 yuan) can not be calculated.
Since most people can live with a pension of about 3,000 yuan, the quality of life is already very high with a pension of 10,000 yuan.
2. The second reason for the lack of pension is that some enterprises do not pay social security to workers, or the subsistence allowance, or delay.
Typically, the social security contribution base is not linked to income, but is directly purchased according to the minimum amount.
This situation is particularly prominent in some labor-intensive industries, that is, enterprises where front-line manual workers gather.
Therefore, if you want to solve the problem of insufficient pension, you must make great efforts to thoroughly check whether the enterprise has paid social security to employees in accordance with national regulations.
These two ideas, one to reduce expenditure and the other to open source, can effectively alleviate the problem of pension gap.
At the very least, the "gradual" principle of "delaying retirement" can be less impactful to everyone.
04 How to understand the principles of voluntariness and flexibility
When it comes to "delayed retirement", there is naturally a topic that cannot be avoided:
"Instead of discussing whether to postpone retirement, we should first think about how to solve the problem of not being able to find a job after the age of 35."
Because the essence of "delayed retirement" is not that you have to work until you are 60+ years old (such as 65 years old), but 60+ years old (such as 65 years old) before you start receiving money.
When many people see the words "delayed retirement", the first thing that comes to mind is that they will have to work for several more years in the future.
In fact, there is no guarantee that you will have a job by the age of 60+.
This is a question that many people are very worried about.
This is the main reason why the principle of "voluntariness and flexibility" is now proposed.
Lao Bei's understanding is:
- That is, you can choose the initiative of how old you want to retire according to your physical condition, work ability, etc.
- You can retire at the age of 60, or you can choose to extend it for a certain period of time, and the state will pay you a pension according to the policy.
Therefore, resistance to "delayed retirement" is meaningless.
That is, under the current policy, you can choose to retire at the age of 60 without delay.
05 Who is willing to delay retirement
When it comes to "delayed retirement", many people tend to cater to the mood of the public, saying that it is "tailor-made" for staff.
Theoretically, people in units with more stable jobs and limited work pressure are more likely to accept delayed retirement.
For example, civil servants, state-owned enterprises, central enterprises, and public institutions, "delayed retirement" is relatively friendly.
But how many people are there in these units?
According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, it accounts for about 11% of the total workforce.
Lao Bei is here, and wants to look at this problem from a different angle.
Are the people who really follow the national regulations and pay social security on time and in full are also the personnel of these units?
The "delayed retirement" of these people is only meaningful to alleviate the pension shortfall.
They "pay more, pay for a long time, and take a short time" in order to achieve the goal of opening up sources and reducing expenditure.
For those who cannot pay social security on time and in full, some netizens may say that they are not worthy of "delaying retirement" at all.
In fact, how many senior executives or senior technical personnel of private and private enterprises retire according to the legal age?
In addition, according to Lao Bei's understanding, netizens have another misunderstanding.
Not all staffed personnel are willing to "delay retirement".
Some of them said that when they saw the four big words "delayed retirement", they felt like crying.
Those ordinary workers in the system, who have no background, no support and no special skills, have to work at the grassroots level for a few more years because their upward channels have been blocked by age.
When the time comes, the boss is as big as his grandson, and he has to point fingers at himself, and he can't help but feel sad when he thinks about it.
After all, they retired at the age of 60 and got a lot of pensions, so it is better to go home early and take their grandchildren than to be "splinted" at the grassroots level, which is sad and hurtful.
06 Calculate the economic account, but also the emotional account
Delaying retirement varies from person to person.
Personal ability is relatively strong, professional level is relatively high, no matter what kind of enterprise you are in, no matter how old you are at the legal age of retirement, you will not retire at the end of the day.
In response to the principle of "voluntary flexibility" of "delayed retirement", some people are following the practice of Japan and the United States in estimating the economic accounts of the "elderly".
They believe that if they do not choose to "delay" retirement to the legal age, they will lose a lot of pensions.
Our country's policy has not yet been introduced, and it is not yet known how much impact it will have on pensions.
Lao Bei believes that while calculating the economic account, it is also necessary to comprehensively calculate the emotional account.
Choose to retire early and receive a little less money, but also pay less social security for a few years.
According to the calculation of living to the age of 80 for the same life, I also received a few more years of pension.
Those who pay less + receive more may not suffer a loss.
Isn't it cost-effective to retire a few years early, be in better physical condition, and be able to travel and exercise for leisure and sports, and have a few more comfortable days?
Isn't it cost-effective to retire a few years early and help the children bring the third generation, not only to experience the joy of family, but also to help the children save money and worry?
Therefore, "delayed retirement" is not a "flood beast", and it is not possible to talk about "delayed" color change.
People who are close to retirement are not young, and they are living with a good attitude.
A good mentality, a good body, and a few more years of life are more cost-effective than anything else.
At the same time, Lao Bei also believes that after 12 years of full deliberation and discussion, from the perspective of the new principle of "voluntariness and flexibility", the country will definitely come up with an implementation plan that is in line with the national conditions and conforms to the people's feelings.
[The position of the common people, the views of the small citizens]