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"Malan Blossom Twenty-One".
This nursery rhyme must be sung by everyone in childhood, but do you know the meaning behind this nursery rhyme?
Speaking of this nursery rhyme, we have to talk about the place of Lop Nur.
Lop Nur is located in the "Ear of the Earth" in the southeast of Xinjiang, and this place is known as the "Sea of Death", a title I believe some film and television works, some novels or some anecdotal lovers should have heard of it.
But Lop Nur also has a special history in addition to this, Lop Nur is the site of China's research atomic bomb experiment, and it is also the place where the first atomic bomb was successfully exploded on the mainland!
The site of the atomic bomb test was at the "Malan base" in Lop Nur, which has undergone 45 nuclear tests.
To be precise, Malan has a relationship with the "Malan base" in Lop Nur, because this nursery rhyme was used to convey news at the time, and the flowering of Malay as this base represents the success of the atomic bomb, and the twenty-one represents the twenty-first research institute.
What has become of Lop Nur, which has undergone 45 nuclear test bombings?
What's behind the scenes?
In 1958, the research on missiles and atomic bombs was working overtime, but the location of the test base had not yet been found.
Peng Dehuai, then Minister of National Defense, said that the location of the atomic bomb base and missile base should also be put on the agenda, and Peng Dehuai handed over this arduous task to Chen Xilian, then artillery commander.
Chen Xilian took a team to meet with several Soviet experts and went to the area west of Dunhuang in Gansu Province to survey the atomic bomb test site.
In the second half of 1958, Chen Xilian led Soviet experts and inspection teams to inspect western Qinghai, western Inner Mongolia, southeastern Xinjiang and other regions.
After several months of painstaking investigation, Chen Xilian discussed with Soviet experts and decided to build an atomic bomb test base in the area west of Dunhuang, and the site of the nuclear bomb was located in the northwest of Dunhuang, 80 kilometers away from the command base.
After determining the position, the engineering team began to build, and the task of building the atomic bomb base fell to Zhang Yunyu, chief of staff of the Third Corps.
When Zhang Yunyu arrived in Dunhuang, after investigation, he believed that Dunhuang was not suitable for being a test base, and the reason why it was not suitable for a base was that although Dunhuang was in this location, there were many Dunhuang ruins nearby.
These Dunhuang relics are the treasures of the times, and they are non-renewable cultural relics, and Zhang Yunyu feels that it is a pity that these cultural relics are destroyed like this.
Zhang Yunyu had the idea of wanting to protect the site, and immediately flew to Beijing to report his views, and the leaders heard Zhang Yunyu's suggestion and agreed, but they didn't know where to choose the new site.
Just when the generals were worried about the new site, the minister of industry of the Soviet Union had a different view on the site selection and immediately called and said: It is recommended to move the construction of the shooting range to the Lop Nur area of Xinjiang, because the Lop Nur area is far away from the crowd and there are no ruins.
Hearing the suggestion of the Minister of Industry, the generals agreed one after another, and finally Lop Nur was selected by the mainland as the area for nuclear testing.
Malan base
Lop Nur is located in the eastern part of the Tarim Basin on the mainland, and the formation of Lop Nur can be traced back to the third century, when the lake basin was inclined to the north to form the center of the lake.
The main source of water in Lop Nur is the inflow of countless rivers, which also form countless small lakes, which also give Lop Nur abundant water resources.
After selecting the site, the engineering team began to start the construction of the base in the hinterland of Lop Nur, and the construction of the base was completed in 1959, because there is a kind of wild grass called Ma Lanhua growing on the mountainside of Lop Nur, and the vitality of this grass is tenacious.
The base was built, but Lop Nur was not a safe place.
In Lop Nur, the sandstorm is definitely a great threat, it can not only cause people to lose direction in the desert, but also bring great dangers to people's health problems, such as damage to people's respiratory system, accelerated loss of human water, and so on.
The Lop Nur area is filled with a large amount of quicksand, which is usually not visible, but once it is trapped, it is difficult for both cars and people to extricate themselves, and they can only be rescued by others.
High temperature is also a big danger in Lop Nur, in the hot time the temperature of Lop Nur can reach 70 degrees of high temperature, this environment is easy to heat stroke, dehydration, car is prone to high temperature problems, in addition to high temperature thunderstorm weather is also a great natural disaster, not only the weather wild wild animals are also a great danger.
And these scientists, researchers, and infrastructure workers will have to work in such a dangerous environment for years or decades.
In 1960, the nuclear test base was officially put into use, and after numerous nuclear tests, the continent's first atomic bomb was successfully detonated in 1964.
The successful development of the atomic bomb marked the fifth country to possess nuclear weapons.
Since then, the mainland has conducted a number of experiments in Lop Nur, including the 1967 hydrogen bomb test.
In the area of the Lop Nur test, some landforms and environments have also undergone different changes under so many tests.
The current situation in Lop Nur
However, the state has not given up on this area, and has arranged manpower to carry out regular treatment and restoration work, and with the help of the state, the ecological environment of Lop Nur is slowly improving.
It has been about 60 years since the end of the nuclear test, and Lop Nur has experienced such a long period of natural recovery that it has become different from that time.
Now, after years of governance and restoration, Lop Nur has gradually "resurrected", although the nuclear test has brought certain radiation problems to the local area, but through scientific management and technical means, these problems have been effectively controlled and alleviated.
At present, other areas of Lop Nur have been able to carry out normal activities.
epilogue
Lop Nur can have such changes thanks to the attention and protection of the state, and I believe that with the help of the state, Lop Nur will become better in the future than before.
References:
{1} official account Elephant Microvision "China's first atomic bomb was successfully exploded, and the first to notify Japan, what is the reaction of all countries?" 》2021-07-19
[2] Official media: Beijing Daily 2017-08-24 "Demystifying China's Nuclear Test Base: The Story of Malan in the Gobi Oasis"
{3} official account Phoenix.com "How terrifying is the "Sea of Death" Lop Nur Death is common in Lop Nur! 》2023-08-03
{4} official account of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, "The well-known nursery rhyme actually hides the secret of China's first atomic bomb? Netizen: It turns out that we were all intelligence officers when we were children"2023-10-16
{5} official account Global Times "This well-known nursery rhyme is actually the secret language of the mainland's first atomic bomb!" 》2023-10-16
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