Li Yunkun/Wen Chrysanthemums are for people to see (Picture 1) and can also be eaten.
"Chu Ci Lisao" contains: "The fall of Mulan in the morning is dewy, and the fall of autumn chrysanthemum in the evening is in the evening. This means that people started eating chrysanthemums at least 2,000 years ago.
Placing fresh chrysanthemums on the dining table is not only pleasing to the eye, but also an authentic delicacy (Picture 2).
Chrysanthemums can be eaten cold. Remove the chrysanthemum petals, add some sesame oil and balsamic vinegar, and serve (Picture 3).
Chrysanthemums can also be eaten in hot pot boiling water. You can put a single petal into the pot (Picture 3) or a whole flower (Picture 4). Chrysanthemums are soaked with lamb slices for better taste.
Chrysanthemum hot pot is a famous dish in old Beijing.
Qing Xu Ke's "Qing Barnyard Banknotes" contains: "In the winter of Beijing, the restaurant sells and drinks, there is a small kettle on the case, the fertile soup is in it, the fire is blazing below, and the meat slices of chicken, fish, sheep and pigs are plated, and the guests throw them into it, and they are cooked and eaten. There are mixed with chrysanthemum petals, called chrysanthemum hot pot, suitable for drinking. All things are cut raw and cut into silk for slices, so it is called raw hot pot. ”
Chrysanthemums are not only good dishes, but also have the effect of relieving hunger in a famine year.
Ming Zhulu's "Materia Medica" contains: "Chrysanthemum is a Jiehua, a Rijing, a Female Festival, a Female Hua, a Female Stem, a Rehabilitation, a Zhou Ying, a Chuan Yannian, a Yin Cheng, Yongzhou Chuanze, and Deng Heng Qizhou Field. It's everywhere today. …… Its flowers can also be eaten. ”
Chrysanthemums can be made into chrysanthemum porridge.
Qing Cao Tingdong's "Health Essay" contains: "Chrysanthemum porridge, Cishan ginseng. Nourish the liver and blood, pleasant color, dizziness, remove heat, quench thirst and brighten the eyes. This porridge not only has the function of "refreshing the breeze and dizziness, removing heat, quenching thirst and brightening the eyes", but also can nourish the beauty of the skin.
Chrysanthemums can be used as tea.
Chrysanthemum tea is made from fresh chrysanthemum picking, drying, steaming, baking and other processes. Chrysanthemum tea not only has the effects of dissipating wind and heat, clearing the liver and eyes, detoxifying and reducing inflammation, but also watching the chrysanthemum in the cup gradually stretch and the water gradually turn a pale yellow-green color, which is also a good spiritual enjoyment (Figure 5).
Farmers in the mountains also harvest the wild chrysanthemums (Picture 6) and dry them (Picture 7), dry them, store them, and brew them with boiling water for their own consumption or to entertain them.
Chrysanthemum tea is also made into a brand.
Qing Xu Ke's "Qing Barnyard Banknotes" contains: "There are so-called chrysanthemum eight treasures Qingrun herbal tea, there are Hangzhou chrysanthemum, Dashengdi, Tumulberry white, Guangchen peel, black ginseng, dried arrowroot powder, small Beijing persimmon, Guiyuan meat eight flavors, most of which are medicinal materials. ”
The recipe of "Chrysanthemum Eight Treasures Qingrun Herbal Tea" opened here also has a certain reference value for us to develop chrysanthemum products today.
Chrysanthemums can be used as medicine.
The effect of chrysanthemum is to clear away heat and wind, clear the liver and eyes.
The main effect of chrysanthemum is to clear wind and heat, detoxify, and brighten the eyes.
Consuming chrysanthemums can also make people live longer.
Jin Gehong's "Hug Puzi Inner Chapter" contains: "Liu Shengdan's method, using white chrysanthemum juice and Dan steaming, 30 days, research and service, one year, 500 years old, the old man's clothes are less unrecognizable, and the juvenile clothes are not old. ”
Chrysanthemums can also be used to support knees.
Qing Cao Tingdong's "Health Essay" quotes Wu Min's "Fushou Jing Fang": "Knee wind pain. Chrysanthemums and Chen Aiye are used as knee pads, and they are self-removed for a long time. ”
Knee pain is a common condition in older people. Knee pads made of chrysanthemums can alleviate or eliminate this pain.
Chrysanthemums can make people ageless.
Tang Xujian's "Beginner's Notes" contains: ""Taiqing Herbs and Trees" said: On September 9, chrysanthemums, poria cocos, and pine resin were picked, and they were not old for a long time. Chrysanthemums are light and invigorating, making people strong, so also. ”
Most of the elderly walk heavily, and long-term chrysanthemums can be lightweight, strong, easy to walk, and not easy to fall, which is of great significance to the health of the elderly.
Chrysanthemums also have a healing effect on external injuries. Qing Zhaoyi's "Eaves Exposure Miscellaneous Notes" contains: "Beat the injured party: pick wild chrysanthemums in November, and dry the branches and leaves. When used, one or two wild chrysanthemums are added, and a bowl of children's poop and ashless wine are added to the same decoction, and the effect is immediate. ”
Chrysanthemums can be made into chrysanthemum wine.
Song Zhuqiu's "Book of Wine" contains: "Chrysanthemum wine. In September, the chrysanthemum is exposed to dry and kneaded, steamed in the rice dumpling, so that it is ripe, and the wine is brewed such as the rehmannia method. ”
Chrysanthemum wine is not only an alcoholic beverage. Drinking chrysanthemum wine is a culture, and this custom has a long history in the mainland.
"Peiwen Zhai Guangqun Fangpu" quoted "Xijing Miscellaneous Records": "Jia Peilan (Mrs. Qi's servant), later became the wife of Duan Confucian, who was a Fufeng person, and said that when she was in the palace, on September 9, she wore dogwood, ate pengbai bait, and drank chrysanthemum wine, which made people live longer. ”
It can be seen from this that the custom of drinking chrysanthemum wine can be traced back to at least the early Han Dynasty.
Chrysanthemum wine was also often favored by emperors. "New Tang Dynasty Book" contains: "Where the Son of Heaven will travel to Yu, only the prime minister and the bachelor can follow." Spring pear orchard, and Weishui removal, then give a fine willow circle to clear the furrow; Summer banquet pu vine garden, give vermilion cherry; Autumn Deng's mercy and grace float, offering chrysanthemum wine to call longevity. Winter Xingxinfeng, Libailu View, Shangli Mountain, give bath soup pool, give fragrant powder Lanze. ”
This was true even for the emperors of the northern nomads. "History of Liao" contains: "On the ninth day of September, the Son of Heaven (Liao Daozong Yelu Hongji) led the ministers and tribes to shoot tigers, and the less was negative, and the punishment was nine banquets. After shooting, choose the high ground Zhuo tent, and give the ministers of Fan and Han to drink chrysanthemum wine. …… The ministers of the north and south went to the imperial tent, drove to the paddock, and gave tea. The emperor sat down, led the ministers to stand in front of the emperor, and each of them gave chrysanthemum wine, knelt down, and bowed again. Three lines of wine, shake up. ”
There is another special reason why chrysanthemum wine is loved by people, that is, it can avoid disasters.
Liang Wujun of the Southern Dynasty "Continuation of Qi Harmonic Records" contains: "Huanjing of Runan, with Fei Changfang to study for many years. The long house said: On September 9, when there is a disaster in your family, it is advisable to go in a hurry, so that the family members make a bag, sheng dogwood to tie their arms, climb high and drink chrysanthemum wine, this disaster can be removed. Jing Ruyan, the whole family climbed the mountain, and saw chickens, dogs, cows and sheep at night, and died violently for a while. Changfang heard it and said: This can be replaced. On the ninth day of the world, the people ascended to the heights and drank wine, and the woman took a dogwood sac, and the cover began here. ”
Chrysanthemum wine can also be cured.
Ming Xu Chunfu's "General Prescriptions" contains: "On September 9th, chrysanthemums were picked, and the wine was very fragrant, and the head wind was cured, and the eyes were bright. Nine days of dogwood, drinking chrysanthemum wine, make people live longer. ”
Chrysanthemum wine can not only make people live longer, but also cure head wind, which can brighten the eyes.
Song Shi Zhengzhi's "Shi's Chrysanthemum Spectrum" contains: "(Chrysanthemum) is suitable for nobles, seedlings can be vegetables, flowers can be medicine, sacs can be pillows, and brewing can be drunk. Therefore, the hermit of the master, between the fences and the garden, can not be without this flower for a day. ”
Indeed, you can't go a day without this flower!
However, for the ancients, it was not easy to "not go without this flower for a day", after all, chrysanthemums only bloom in autumn. However, modern greenhouse technology can produce edible chrysanthemums that meet the standards at any time.
Now, you can have chrysanthemums every day. Edible chrysanthemums have been made into products and can be sent to all parts of the country (Pictures 8 and 9)!
Figure 8, Figure 9