Lead
"Isn't it said that high-rise buildings are built of reinforced concrete, why is it that if a fire breaks out, the whole building will be burned down?"
For a while, everyone was very puzzled, because reinforced concrete, as a non-flammable building material, generally does not burn down quickly after a fire like wood.
However, in reality, if a high-rise building catches fire, the fire will often spread very quickly, and even cause a fire, and many people will die in the fire because they cannot escape.
Why, then, do these high-rise buildings be built to improve safety, but once there is a fire, the fire spreads so quickly?
1. Combustibles in high-rise buildings.
First of all, we must know that even if it is reinforced concrete, it is indeed not easy to burn, but it does not mean that it will not burn, but its burning speed is slower than that of wood, and when the reinforced concrete burns, the black smoke emitted will be very thick, so the fire of high-rise buildings will be more dangerous.
If we want to know why high-rise buildings catch fires, then we must start with the combustibles in the high-rise buildings, because there are a lot of combustibles in the high-rise buildings themselves, and these combustibles will form accelerants once the fire breaks out, thereby accelerating the spread of the fire.
First of all, the most common combustible material is plastic products, because many furniture and decorations will use a variety of plastic products, especially if the flame retardant performance of some plastic products is not strong enough, once the fire will burn rapidly, thereby aggravating the fire, which is like a high-rise building with its own accelerant.
Secondly, some human utensils in high-rise buildings will also become the culprits of fires, because with the improvement of people's living standards, more and more people choose to live in high-rise buildings, so the building has also become the main place of human life, and people will inevitably use a lot of utensils in their lives, such as household appliances, decorations and so on.
Especially for some household appliances, many people will place household appliances directly in the elevator room for convenience, which will increase the fire risk in the elevator room.
Because the elevator hall is used as a passage between floors, once a fire occurs, the smoke will be very thick, and the smoke has a very great harm to people's breathing, people usually die because of smoke poisoning, not fire burns, so in the event of a fire, you must not use the elevator to escape.
Second, the thermal insulation layer is also a combustible.
Then, in addition to some human appliances and plastic products, materials such as thermal insulation and fireproof boards may also become combustibles for fires.
Because when building a high-rise building, in order to improve the fire performance of the high-rise building, the exterior wall of the high-rise building is usually insulated, so that the thermal insulation performance of the high-rise building can be improved, and in the architectural design, the design of the thermal insulation layer can also reduce the energy consumption of the high-rise building, so as to be more energy-saving and environmentally friendly.
However, since the materials of the insulation are usually flammable, when these insulation layers catch fire, the fire can spread to the entire building in a shorter period of time, thus increasing the fire risk.
In addition, there is also such a problem in fire protection, because the surface of the fireproof board is very flat, so people usually install the fireproof board on the flue and ventilation duct, which can not only reduce the construction cost of high-rise buildings, but also improve the fire performance of high-rise buildings.
However, once the fireproof board is fired, it will make the fire spread more rapidly, because the surface of the fireproof board is easy to break, and the core material inside it is usually some flammable materials, once the fireproof board is damaged, the flue and ventilation duct behind it will become the channel for the spread of fire, which is like a high-rise building with its own chimney.
Third, the design of high-rise buildings is also to blame.
In addition to some combustibles inside the tall building, the design of the tall building is also the main culprit of the fire, because the ventilation structure and design inside the tall building are also one of the causes of the spread of the fire.
Because in the architectural design of high-rise buildings, the ventilation structure of high-rise buildings is generally designed, which can not only increase the ventilation performance in high-rise buildings, but also achieve the role of energy conservation and environmental protection.
However, the ventilation structure in the high-rise building can also be one of the causes of the spread of fire, because once the smoke in the high-rise building starts to spread upward, it will be carried upward by the ventilation structure, which will increase the smoke concentration on the upper floor, thus bringing danger to the residents of the upper floor.
In addition, the flue of high-rise buildings is also one of the reasons for combustibles, because in the design of some high-rise buildings, the flue is very narrow, so once a fire occurs, the flue will be quickly blocked, which will form a chimney effect and accelerate the spread of smoke.
In addition, the elevator shaft is also an accelerant for fires, because once a fire breaks out, the elevator shaft will become a passage for smoke to spread, because the elevator shaft itself is a passage between floors, so the smoke will spread more quickly to each floor.
Especially in high-rise buildings, if there is a fire, once people use the elevator to escape, then it will increase the blockage of the elevator shaft, and even lead to a short circuit of the elevator, causing people to be trapped.
4. Matters that need to be paid attention to in the process of escape.
Therefore, when a fire breaks out in a high-rise building, people must pay attention to the surrounding environment, and once they find that there is smoke spreading, then they must minimize the vents to avoid the smoke spreading too quickly.
In addition, in the event of a fire, people should never use the elevator to escape, they should use the stairs to escape, and in the process of escaping, people should also try to crawl forward to reduce the harm of smoke.
In addition, when people live in high-rise buildings, they should also pay attention to the prevention of fire, which is not only responsible for their own safety, but also responsible for others, people can live in high-rise buildings, try to choose some decorations and furniture with good fire performance, such as formaldehyde-free, non-toxic, non-polluting furniture and decoration, which can not only reduce the formaldehyde content of the floor, but also effectively reduce the risk of fire.
In addition, people can also install devices such as smoke alarms and fire extinguishers in their daily lives to improve fire safety.
epilogue
People should also pay attention to fire and fire safety in their daily lives, and strengthen the safety awareness of gas and electrical appliances to reduce the risk of fire.
For the fire safety of high-rise buildings, in addition to paying attention to design in the construction stage, people can also pay attention to the selection of fireproof materials, equipped with smoke alarm systems and fire extinguishers and other equipment to improve fire safety when living in high-rise buildings.